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Skeletal Tissue
Cincinnati Fire Department - Paramedic Class 02
97
Anatomy
Professional
02/06/2009

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Cards

Term
Cartilage
Definition
Plates of shiny connective tissue help bones to move freely. No blood supply, hard to regenerate, never cancerous.
Term
Synovial fluid
Definition
Lubricates cartilage, contains white blood cells, provides nourishment to cartilage
Term
Perichondrium
Definition
Double layered connective tissue membrane surrounding cartilage
Term
Tendons
Definition
Tough cords or bands of dense white connective tissue, muscles to bones
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Double layer membrane that covers all bones
Term
Ligaments
Definition
Tough white bands of tissue, binding bone to bone
Term
Joint
Definition
Point where 2 or more bones come together
Term
Sprain
Definition
Which is worse... sprain or a fracture?
Term
Joints
Definition
Injuries to _________ are true medical emergencies
Term
Sprain, Strain
Definition
You _________ your ankle, and __________ your back
Term
Sprain
Definition
Injury caused by stretching/tearing ligaments
Term
Strain
Definition
Injury caused by stretching/tearing a muscle
Term
Kidneys
Definition
Determines the growth rate of red blood cells
Term
Bones
Definition
Serve for storage of minerals such as calcium
Term
Bone marrow
Definition
Red blood cells are formed here
Term
Bone marrow
Definition
Red blood cells are formed here
Term
Bone marrow
Definition
Red blood cells are formed here
Term
Bone marrow
Definition
Red blood cells are formed here
Term
Bone marrow
Definition
Red blood cells are formed here
Term
Spleen
Definition
Kills old red blood cells(greater than 90 days old)
Term
Clavicle
Definition
Most commonly fractured bone
Term
Colles fracture
Definition
Most common wrist fracture, fall forward and land on hands
Term
Hyaline cartilage
Definition
What bones are formed from during fetal development
Term
Ends
Definition
Bones grow from their _________
Term
Activity level
Definition
Directly affects how bones are remodeled
Term
Calcitonin and Parathormone
Definition
2 hormones that regulate bone remodeling
Term
Thyroid
Definition
Produces calcitonin
Term
Parathyroid
Definition
Produces parathormone
Term
Calcium
Definition
Mineral that allows muscles to contract
Term
Femur
Definition
Bone containing the most active bone marrow
Term
Vitamin D
Definition
Vitamin that helps absorb calcium
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
Cells that produce bone tissue
Term
Osteocyte
Definition
Cells that become surrounded by a bony matrix(i.e. bone cells)
Term
Osteoclast
Definition
Large multinucleated cell that dissolve bone tissue and secrete hydrochloric acid
Term
Femur, tibia, ulna, radius, humerus
Definition
Examples of long bones
Term
Wrist and ankle bones
Definition
Examples of short bones
Term
Olecranon
Definition
Also known as the elbow
Term
Appositional growth
Definition
Formation of new bone on the surface of a bone
Term
Endochondral growth
Definition
Growth of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate and it's replacement by bone
Term
Hyoid
Definition
Only human bone not connected to another bone
Term
Blood
Definition
Traction splinting a fractured femur helps limit loss of ___________
Term
Blood
Definition
Traction splinting a fractured femur helps limit loss of ___________
Term
Fibroblasts
Definition
Cells that secrete proteins and collagens to form new connective tissue between broken bone ends
Term
Axial skeleton
Definition
Portion of the skeletal system running the length of the torso
Term
Axial load injury
Definition
A diving injury is this type of injury
Term
Sutures
Definition
Joints where bones come together in the skull
Term
Sagittal suture
Definition
Point where parietal bones join together
Term
Coronal suture
Definition
Point where parietal bones join the frontal bone
Term
Lamboid suture
Definition
Point where the occipital bone attaches to the parietal bones
Term
Fontanels
Definition
Soft spots on an infants skull
Term
Intercranial pressure
Definition
A bulge in the soft spot means ______________
Term
Dehydration
Definition
A sunken soft spot means ______________
Term
Auditory ossicles
Definition
3 bones on each side of the head that function in hearing
Term
Malleus, incus, and stapes
Definition
Bones that make up the auditory ossicles
Term
Cranium
Definition
Also known as the cranial vault
Term
Frontal, temporal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid
Definition
Bones that make up the cranium
Term
Mastoid process
Definition
Cone shaped section of bone at base of temporal bone, site for muscle attachment
Term
Battles sign
Definition
A bruise to the mastoid behind the ear
Term
Styloid process
Definition
Bony protuberance made of several slender/pointed bones located below the meatus
Term
Rough
Definition
The brain is easily bruised because the inside of the skull is very ____________
Term
Cribriform plate
Definition
Most commonly fractured, appears as raccoon eyes
Term
Swallowing blood
Definition
Biggest danger when fracturing your nose
Term
Base
Definition
Most fragile part of the skull
Term
Hard palate
Definition
Roof of the mouth
Term
"H" test
Definition
Test for orbital fracture
Term
Sinuses
Definition
Natural crumple zone to protect the brain
Term
Zygomatic bone
Definition
Forms an arch and gives shape to the cheeks
Term
Blowout fracture
Definition
Fracture to the floor of the orbit
Term
Mandible
Definition
Large movable bone comprising the lower jaw and lower teeth
Term
Temporomandibular joint(TMJ)
Definition
Location where the mandible articulates with the temporal bone, allows movement of the mandible
Term
Vertebrae
Definition
33 bones that make up the spine, support weight of the body, and protect the spinal cord
Term
Intervertebral disk
Definition
Mass of fibrocartilage found between each vertebral body
Term
Intervertebral foramen
Definition
Hole(left and right) between each vertebrae that allows spinal nerves to pass from the spinal cord
Term
Atlas
Definition
C1 vertebrae fused the the skull
Term
Axis
Definition
C2 vertebrae that allows for head rotation
Term
Dens(Odontoid process)
Definition
Large offshoot of C2 that pivots the head, fracture is a "hangman's"
Term
Vertebrae prominens
Definition
C7, unique structure from the other cervical vertebrae, can be seen and felt at the base of the neck
Term
Thoracic spine
Definition
Located at posterior chest and contains 12 vertebrae
Term
Thoracic spine
Definition
Located at posterior chest and contains 12 vertebrae
Term
Rib cage
Definition
Protects organs within the thorax, prevents chest collapse during breathing
Term
Sternum
Definition
Breastbone
Term
heart
Definition
A force to the sternum can transmit to, and bruise the ___________
Term
Lumbar
Definition
Largest bones of the lower back, important for bearing weight
Term
Axial
Definition
Loading type that injures the lumbar
Term
Coccyx
Definition
Tailbone
Term
Scapula
Definition
Shoulder blade
Term
Clavicle
Definition
Collar bone, s-shaped
Term
Brachial Plexus
Definition
Fracture to the clavicle can penetrate and injure the ___________ ___________(nerve bundle)
Term
Bursa
Definition
Fluid filled sac between a tendon and a bone, cushions and protects joints
Term
Flexor Retinaculum
Definition
Sheath of connective tissue that forms the roof of the carpal tunnel
Term
Iliac crest
Definition
Superior portion of the ilium
Term
Femur
Definition
Longest and strongest bone in the body
Term
Tibia
Definition
Longer of 2 lower leg bones, situated on the anterior surface of leg
Term
Fibula
Definition
Lower leg bone, posterior to tibia
Term
Patella
Definition
Kneecap, critical for helping with movement and absorbing forces
Term
Calcaneus
Definition
Heel bone
Term
Medial malleolus
Definition
Ankle bone, part you can feel
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