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| support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage |
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Definition
| 6 Functions of the Skeletal System |
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| yellow bone marrow consists mainly of adipose cells which are use for _________ |
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| within certain bones, a connective tissue called red bone marrow is responsible for ________ |
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| Bone tissues store several minerals, especially __________ and ___________ which contribute to the strength of the bone |
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| the bone's shaft or body-the long, cylindrical, main portion of the bone |
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| growing over; are the proximal and distal ends of the bone |
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| Metaphysis, epiphyseal (growth) plate, epiphyseal line |
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Definition
| _______are regions between the diaphysis and the epiphysis, in each growing bone, each metaphysis contains________, a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diaphysis of the bone to grow in length, when bone growth stops the cartilage is replaced with bone called _________ |
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| __________is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where bone forms an articulation with another bone.______________ reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints |
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Definition
| surrounds the external bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage: protects the bone, assists in fracture repair, helps nourish bone tissue, and serves as attachment points for ligaments |
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Definition
| or marrow cavity, is a hallow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults |
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| a thin membrane that lines the internal bone surface facing the medullary cavity, contains a single layer of cells and a small amount of connective tissue |
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| like other connective tissue bone or _________ contains an abundant extracellular matrix that surrounds widely separated cells |
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Definition
| combination of calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide to form crystals of ___________ (responsible for the bone's hardness) |
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| are unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme, the tissue which almost all connective tissues are formed. Found along the inner portion of the periosteum, in the endosteum, and in the canals within the bone that contains blood vessels |
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Definition
| bone-building cells, they synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components needed to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue, and they initiate calcification |
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| mature bone cells, do not undergo cell division |
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| huge cells derived from the fusion of as many as 50 monocytes, breaks down the bone of the extracellular matrix termed resportion: is part of the normal development maintenance and repair of bone. |
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Definition
| contains few spaces and is the strong form of bone tissue and is found beneath the periosteum of all bones and makes up the bulk of the diaphysis of long bones |
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| bone tissue that does not contain osteons, consist of lamellate arranged in an irregular lattice of thin columns called trabeculae |
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Term
| Intramembraneous ossification |
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Definition
| is the simpler of the two methods of bone formation |
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Term
| Four steps of Intramembranous Ossification |
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Definition
1. Development of the ossification center
2. Calcification
3. Formation of trabeculae
4. Development of the periosteum |
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Term
| Endochondral Ossification |
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Definition
| the replacement of cartilage by bone is called ____________ |
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Definition
| the broken ends of the bone protrude through the skin |
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| the broken ends of the bone does not break the skin |
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Definition
| the bone is splintered, crushed, or broken into pieces, and smaller bone fragments lie between the two main fragments. This is the most difficult to treat |
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Definition
| a partial fracture in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side bends; occurs only in children, whose bones are not fully ossified and contain more organic material than inorganic material |
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Definition
| one end of the fractured bone is forcefully driven into the interior of the other |
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| a fracture of the distal end of the lateral leg bone (fibula) with serious injury of the distal tibial articulation |
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Definition
| a fracture of the distal end of the lateral forearm bone (radius) in which the distal fragment is displaced posteriorly |
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Term
| Steps in repair of bone fracture |
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Definition
1. formation of fracture hermatoma
2. fibrocartilaginous
3. bony callus formation
4. bone remodeling |
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Term
| Bones, nerve conduction, blood coagulation, and myocardial centrality |
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Definition
| Calcium is needed for __________,_________, _______________, and ____________. |
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Definition
| The ______________ is made up of the skull, hyoid, auditory ossicles, vertebral column, and thorax. |
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| The Appendicular Skeleton |
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Definition
| The _______________________ consists of pectoral (shoulder) girdles, upper limbs, pelvic(hip0 girdle, and lower limb |
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Definition
______________ have greater length than width, consists of a shaft and a variable number of extremities (ends), and are slightly curved for strength.
Consist of mostly compact bone tissue in the diaphysis but have considerable amounts of spongy bone tissue in their epiphyses |
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| __________are somewhat cube-shaped and are nearly equal in length and width. They consist of spongy bone tissue except at the surface, which has a thin layer of compact bone tissue |
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Definition
| __________are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue, ________ afford considerable protection and provide extensive areas for muscle attachment |
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| _______________ have complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any other category, they vary in amount of spongy and compact bone present |
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| _____________ develop a cetain tendons where there is considerable friction, tension, and physical stress, such as in the palms and soles, may vary from person to person and are not always completely ossified |
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| __________ are smal bones located in immovable joint in adults between certain cranial bones. Their number varies greatly form person to person |
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| The cervical vertebrae consist of ___ bones, the thoracic vertebrae consist of ___, the lumbar vertebrae has ___, the sacrum has ___, and the coccyx has 1 |
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