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Skeletal System: Lower Extremity- Foot
Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges, Landmarks, Articulations, Arches, and Ligaments
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/20/2009

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Cards

Term
Talocrural joint (Ankle Joint)
Definition

There are 2 articulations that make up the talocrural joint

 

1) formed by the distal end of the tibia and talus

2) formed when the lateral malleolus of the fibula meets the talus

Term
Subtalar joint
Definition
Articulation of the inferior surface of the talus and the superior surface of the calcaneus
Term
Midtarsal joint
Definition

consists of 2 articulations

 

1) lateral articulation: calcaneocuboid

2) medial articulation: talonavicular

Term
Tarsometarsal Joints
Definition
group of nonaxial joints between the tarsals and metatarsals
Term
Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Definition
group of condyloid joints between the metatarsals and toes (phalanges)
Term
Interphalangeal Joints
Definition
group of joints between the phalanges
Term
Arches of the Foot
Definition
support weight of the body, provide leverage for locomotion, absorb shock
Term
Longitudinal Arch: Medial Longitudinal Arch
Definition
consists of the proximal calcaneus and distal first 3 metatarsals
Term
Longitudinal Arch: Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Definition
consists of the calcaneus, cuboid and 4th and 5th metatarsals
Term
Transverse Arch
Definition
formed by the distal calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and proximal 5 metatarsals running from medial to lateral
Term
Ligaments of the Ankle (Medial)
Definition

Deltoid Ligament

 

Spring Ligament

Term
Ligaments of the Ankle (Lateral)
Definition

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATF)

 

Cacaneofibular ligament (CF)

 

Posterior talofibular ligament (PTF)

Term
Tarsals (7)
Definition

1) Calcaneus

2) Talus

3) Navicular

4 Cuboid

5) 1st Cuneiform (Medial)

6) 2nd Cuneiform (Intermediate)

7) 3rd Cuneiform (Lateral)

Term
Metatarsals (5)
Definition

1) 1st Metatarsal (medial)

2) 2nd Metatarsal

3) 3rd Metatarsal

3) 4th Metatarsal

4) 5th Metatarsal (lateral)

Term
Phalanges (14)
Definition

singular = phalanx

Big toe = Hallux

 

1) Proximal Phalanges (5)

 

2) Medial Phalanges (4)

 

3) Distal Phalanges (5)

Term
Talus: Trochlea
Definition
landmark on the ridge on top/front
Term
Calcaneus: Sustentaculum tali
Definition

landmark on the medial side

 

like a shelf

 

attachment for spring ligament

Term
5th Metatarsal: Styloid process
Definition
landmark on the lateral side
Term
What bones articulate with the navicular?
Definition

talus

 

cuneiform bones

 

cuboid

Term
Is the talocrural joint more stable in plantarflexion or dorsiflexion?
Definition
more stable during dorsiflexion
Term
What is the purpose of the spring ligament?
Definition
it helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the foot and by providing support to the head of the talus, bears the major portion of body weight
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