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Week 1
Lecture 4
77
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
08/31/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the difference between the pelvic girdle and the bony pelvis?
Definition
the pelvic girdle is just two hip bones while the bony pelvis is the two hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx
Term
What is included in the articulate lower extremity?
Definition
the pelvic girdle, femur, patella, tibia & fibula, and tarsals, metatarsals, & phalanges
Term
What is included in the bony pelvis?
Definition
two hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx
Term
How is the bony pelvis formed?
Definition
the two hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints, while the coccyx is attached to all the bones by strong ligaments
Term
How is the pelvic girdle different from the pectoral girdle?
Definition
the joints of the pelvic girdle provide for far less mobility than the pectoral girdle, but allow for far more stability
Term
What is the hip bone made of?
Definition
3 fused bones called the ilium, ischium, and pubis
Term
What is the acetabulum?
Definition
the area where all 3 fused hip bones meets and forms the socket of the ball and socket hip joint
Term
Why is the acetabulum such a deep socket?
Definition
it makes it more stable than the shoulder while still allowing for mobility
Term
What is the iliac crest?
Definition
the superior ridge of the ilium bone connecting anterior to posterior the ASIS and the AIIS
Term
What is the purpose of the sciactic notch?
Definition
it forms a foramen with other ligaments for the sciatic nerve to exit the pelvis
Term
What is the ala?
Definition
the "wing" that forms most of the ilium
Term
How is the lesser sciatic notch different from the greater sciatic notch?
Definition
the lesser sciatic notch is separated from the greater sciatic notch by the ischial spine
Term
Where and what is the ischial tuberosity?
Definition
it is the rounded inferior side of the ischium that serves as major attachment sites for the hamstring muscle in the thigh (the bone you sit on)
Term
Where and what is the ischial body?
Definition
the superior body area adjoining the ilium outside the rim of the acetabulum
Term
Where and what is the ischial ramus?
Definition
projections of the bone from the ischial tuberosities to connect to its cousin, the pubic bone's inferior ramus
Term
Where and what is the pubis body?
Definition
the anterior flattened section where the pubic symphisis separates the inferior and superior pubic rami
Term
Identify the ilium.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the ischium.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the pubis.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the anterior/superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the anterior/inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
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Definition
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Term
Identify the iliac crest, greater & lesser sciatic notch, and the ala.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the ischial tuberosity, ischial body, ischial ramus, and the pubis body
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Definition
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Term
What is the significance of the articular surface of the pubis?
Definition
it is where right and left hip bones articulate to form a pubic symphisis
Term
What is the significance of the pubic tubercle?
Definition
it serves as an attachment for the rectus abdominus muscles
Term
Where and what is the iliac fossa?
Definition
the entire medial surface of the ala from the lateral view that houses a major muscle of hip flexion called the iliacus
Term
What is the auricular surface?
Definition
an ear-shaped roughened surface which joins the auricular surface of the lateral sacrum to make the sacroiliac joint
Term
What is the obturator foramen and what is its function?
Definition
a bony hole made by the bony pelvis and the ischium which contains a membrane which creates a surface area for hip muscles to anchor on to
Term
Identify the articular surface, pubic tubercle, and body of ilium.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the iliac fossa, auricular surface, and obturator foramen.
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Definition
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Term
What are some differences between male and female pelvises?
Definition
women: tilted forward, thinner & lighter, smaller & farther apart, broad pelvic arch, flared iliac region
men: tilted less far forward, heavier & thicker, larger & closer together, acute pelvic arch, smaller iliac region
Term
What is the purpose of women's hips being broad and thinner and lighter?
Definition
to allow for child birth
Term
What is the main difference between the articulated lower and upper extremities?
Definition
the lower body is more for stability and support while the upper body is more for mobility and reaching & grasping
Term
Where and what is the linea aspera?
Definition
a ridge located on the posterior side of the humerus in which nerves and blood vessels traverse
Term
Where and what is the fovea capitalis?
Definition
a divet on the head of the femur that is the site of attachment for a ligament which supplies the head of the femur with blood
Term
What is the head of the femur?
Definition
the area of the femur that is located deep within the acetabulum of the hip joint
Term
What is the purpose of the greater & lesser trochanter?
Definition
they are connected anteriorly and posteriorly by the intertrochanteric crest and they both serve as attachment sites for the hip joint
Term
What is the patellar surface?
Definition
it is where the posterior base of the patella articulates and it glides superiorly/inferiorly
Term
Where and what is the intercondylar fossa?
Definition
on the posterior side of the femur where the condyles are seen to be quite large compared to the anterior view
Term
What is the purpose of the adductor tubercle?
Definition
serves as a distal attachment site for the largest adductor muscle
Term
Identify the humerus.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the linea aspera, fovea capitalis, head, and the greater trochanter.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the lesser trochanter, patellar surface, intercondylar fossa, and adductor tubercle.
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Definition
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Term
What are the two facets on the patella?
Definition
the larger medial facet and the smaller medial facet
Term
What is the purpose of the medial facets on the patella?
Definition
they serve as sites for articulating with medial and lateral condyles of the anterior femur
Term
Identify the patella.
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Definition
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Term
Which bone is the fibula?
Definition
the lateral, smaller bone of the leg the proximal end of which articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia
Term
What is the proximal tibiofibular joint?
Definition
a joint formed by the articulation of the tibia and fibula
Term
What is unique about the condyles of the tibia?
Definition
they don't have a classic convex knuckle shape, they are concave in order to accept the rounded convex femoral condyles
Term
What is the purpose of the intercondylar emminence?
Definition
it deepens the surfaces of the condyles in order to add more stability to the knee joint
Term
What is the tibial tuberosity?
Definition
large oblong elevation on the proximal anterior tibia where the quadriceps muscle anchors to the leg
Term
What is the ankle mortis?
Definition
a rectangular socket formed by the lateral and medial malleoli that fits the dome shaped tallus bone
Term
What is significant about the ankle joint?
Definition
it is very stable due to strong interosseous membranes and several ligaments that allow for mobility in the sagittal plane
Term
Which bone(s) articulate with the femur directly?
Definition
just the tibia
Term
Which bone is more important, the tibia or fibula?
Definition
the tibia because it transfers all the weight bearing from the ground up to the femur
Term
Is it more serious if the tibia or fibula breaks?
Definition
the tibia because it supports all the weight
Term
Identify the tibia.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the fibula.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the proximal tibiofibular joint and the tibial condyles.
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Definition
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Term
Identify the intercondylar emminence, tibial tuberosity, and the ankle mortis.
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Definition
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Term
What is classified as the hindfoot?
Definition
the superiorly positioned talus and the inferiorly positioned calcaneus
Term
What is the trochlea of the talus and what is its purpose?
Definition
it is the "dome" of the talus and it articulates with the ankle mortis
Term
What is the difference between the carpals and the tarsals?
Definition
the carpals are in the wrist and there are 8 of them while the tarsals are in the ankle and there are only 7 of them
Term
What are the names of the 7 tarsals?
Definition
calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, lateral cuneiform, medial cuneiform, and medial cuneiform
Term
Describe the navicular.
Definition
located anteriorly and distally to the talus, it looks like a sail
Term
Describe the cuneiform bones.
Definition
they articulate with the navicular bone posteriorly and with the metatarsals anteriorly
Term
Describe the cuboid bone.
Definition
it has 6 sides and articulates posteriorly with the calcaneus and anteriorly connects with the two lateral metatarsals
Term
How do the phalanges of the toes differ from the phalanges of the fingers?
Definition
they are a lot less mobile
Term
What is the purpose of the natural arch formed by the metatarsals and connective tissue?
Definition
it creates a natural spring designed to accept forces with every step we take and to distribute our weight across several tarsal bones and the calcaneus
Term
Why is wearing high heels so bad for the foot?
Definition
instead of evenly distributing all the weight across the foot, it focuses all of the weight on the joint between the metatarsal and proximal phalange of the big toe
Term
Locate the tarsals.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the metatarsals.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the phalanges.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the calcaneus.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the talus and the trochlea of the talus.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the navicular.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the cuboid.
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Definition
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Term
Locate the lateral, intermediate, and medial cuneiform.
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Definition
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