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Skeletal Muscles
muscles of the head, facial expressions, and neck
23
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/02/2011

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Term
Epicranius
Definition
bipartite muscle consisting of the frontal and occipital bellies connected by a cranial aponeurosis, the galea aponeurtotica; the alternate actions of these two muscles pull scalp forward and backward
Term
Frontal belly
Definition
covers forehead and dome of skull; no bony attachments; raises eyebrows, and wrinkles forehead skin horizontally
Term
Occipital belly
Definition
overlies posterior occiput; by pulling on the galea fixes origin of frontalis; fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly
Term
corrugator supercilii
Definition
small muscle; activity associated with that of the orbicularis oculi; draws eyebrows together and inferiorly; wrinkles skin of forehead vertically (as in frowning)
Term
orbicularis oculi
Definition
thin, tripartite sphincter muscle of the eyelid; surounds rim of the orbit; closes eye and produces blinking
Term
zygomaticus-major and minor
Definition
muscle pair extending diagonally from cheekbone to corner of mouth; raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling)
Term
Risorius
Definition
slender muscle inferior and lateral to zygomaticus; draws corner of lip laterally; tenses lips
Term
levator labii superioris
Definition
thin muscle between orbicularis oris and inferior eye margin; opens lips
Term
depressor labii inferioris
Definition
small muscle running from mandible to lower lip; draws lower lip into a pout
Term
orbicularis oris
Definition
complicated, multilayered muscle of the lips with fibers that run in many different directions; most run circularly; closes lips (kissing and whistling muscle)
Term
mentalis
Definition
one of the muscle pair forming a v- shaped muscle mass on chin; wrinkles chin
Term
buccinator
Definition
thin, horizontal cheek muscle; principle muscle of cheek; deep to masseter; compresses cheek as in whistling and sucking
Term
platysma
Definition
unpaired, thin, sheetlike superficial neck muscle; not strictly a head muscle, but plays a role in facial expression; tenses skin of neck
Term
masseter
Definition
covers lateral aspect of mandibular ramus; can be palpated on forcible closure of jaw; PM of jaw closure; elevates mandible
Term
temporalis
Definition
fan shaped muscle lying over parts of frontal parietal and temporal bones; closes jaw
Term
medial pterygoid
Definition
runs along internal medial surface of mandible; grinding movements of mouth
Term
lateral pterygoid
Definition
superior to medial pterygoid; grinding of teeth
Term
platsma
Definition
unpaired muscle; thin sheetlike superficial to neck; tenses skin of neck
Term
sternocleidomastoid
Definition
two headed muscle located deep to the platysma on anterolateral surface of neck; flexion of head forward; rotates head either direction
Term
scalenes
Definition
located more on lateral than anterior neck; deep to platysma and sternocleidomastoid; elevates rib 1 and 2
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
covers upper portion of chest; prime mover of arm flexion; adducts medially; rotates arm
Term
serratus anterior
Definition
fan shaped muscle deep to scapula; contracts and holds scapula against chest wall; rotates scapula
Term
deltoid
Definition
shoulder muscle mass; arm abduction
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