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Shoulder Girdle & Joint
Kines Test
34
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
02/03/2012

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Cards

Term
5 bones that make up the shoulder complex
Definition
sternum
clavicle
scapula
humerus
rib cage
Term
4 joints that make up the shoulder complex
Definition
sternoclavicular (SC) joint
acromioclavicular (AC) joint
glenohumeral (GH) joint
scapulothroacic (ST) articulation
Term
most mobile joint in the body
Definition
GH joint (which makes it more prone to injury)
Term
6 motions of shoulder complex (SC, AC, & ST joints)
Definition
elevation
depression
protraction/abduction
retraction/adduction
upward rotation
downward rotation
Term
8 motions of shoulder joint
Definition
flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
internal rotation
external rotation
horizontal abduction
horizontal adduction
(also circumduction & scaption)
Term
location & position of scapula
Definition
between T2-T7 ribs
2-3" lateral from spinous process
flat on thoracic cage
vertebral (medial) border parallel with spinous processes
scapular spine between T3-T4 vertebrae
Term
SC joint description
Definition
synovial
3 planes of motion
roll & slide
double gliding saddle joint
articular disk (shock absorber)
Term
AC joint description
Definition
synovial joint
3 planes of motion
joint capsule
gliding or plane joint
Term
finishes "roof" above GH joint to form arch above humerus, description
Definition
coracoacromial ligament/coracoacromial arch, about 1 cm from arch to head, subacromial space contains supraspinatus muscle & tendon, subacromial bursa, long head of biceps brachii, & part of superior capsule
Term
scapulohumeral rhythm definition
Definition
2:1 ratio
for every 2 degrees of shoulder abduction or flexion past 30 degrees, the scapula upwardly rotates 1 degree
Term
tipping vs. winging
Definition
tipping - inferior angle of scapula lifts off thorax

winging - vertebral (medial) border or scapula lifts off thorax
Term
proximal stabilizers vs. distal mobilizer
Definition
proximal stabilizer - muscle that originates on spine, ribs, and cranium and inserts on scapula and clavicle

distal mobilizer - muscle that originates on the scapula and clavicle and inserts on humerus or forearm
Term
GH joint description & ROM
Definition
synovial
ball and socket joint
fossa positioned 1) anterior, 2) lateral, and 3) upward direction
held together by capsule, vacuum, & RTC muscles

flexion/extension - 180 & 45
ab/adduction - 180 & 180
internal/external rotation - 70 & 90
horizontal ab/adduction - 90 (30 & 120)
Term
purpose of the axillary pouch
Definition
in order for head of humerus to slide down in the glenoid fossa
Term
glenoid labrum definition
Definition
fibrocartilage ring that attaches to glenoid fossa & deepens the articular cavity
Term
purpose of bursae
Definition
decrease friction
Term
impingement definition
Definition
pinching
Term
external rotation vs. internal rotation humerus movement in fossa
Definition
external rotation - head rolls posteriorly, slides anteriorly

internal rotation - head rolls anteriorly, slides posteriorly
Term
rotator cuff muscles
Definition
(SITS)
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
Term
trapezius (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: external occipital protuberance
superior nuchal line
ligamentum nuchal
spinous process of C7-T12

I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion process
scapular spine

A: (upper) bilat - extends head & neck
unilat - laterally flexes head & neck to same side, rotates head & neck to opposite side, elevates scapula, upwardly rotates spacula
(middle) adduction of scapula
(lower) depresses scapula & upwardly rotates scapula

N: spinal accessory nerve
Term
levator scapula (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: transverse process of C1-4
I: superior angle of scapula
A: unilat - elevates scapula, downwardly rotates scapula, laterally flexes head & neck, rotates head & neck to same side
bilat - extends head
N: dorsal scapula & cervicle nerve
Term
rhomboid major & minor (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: spinous process C7-T1, T2-5
I: vertebral border of scapula
A: adduction of scapula, elevation scapula, downwardly rotates scapula
N: dorsal scapular nerve (C4-5)
Term
serratus anterior (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: lateral surface of upper 8 ribs
I: anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
A: origin fixed - abduction of scapula, depresses scapula, holds medial border of scapula against ribs
insertion fixed - inspiration
N: long thoracic nerve
Term
pectoralis minor (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: anterior surface of 3rd-5th ribs
I: coracoid process
A: depresses scapula, abducts scapula, tilts the scapula anteriorly, inspiration
N: medial pectoral nerve
Term
deltoid (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: anterior - lateral third of clavicle
middle - acromion process
posterior - scapular spine
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: all fibers - abduction of GH joint
anterior - flexion of shoulder, medial rotation, horizontal adduction
middle - shoulder abduction
posterior - extention, lateral rotation, horizontal abduction
N: axillary nerve (C5-6)
Term
supraspinatus (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: stabilizer of humeral head, abduction of GH joint
N: suprascapular nerve
Term
pectoralis major (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: clavicular portion - medial third of clavical
sternal portion - sternum, costal cartilage of first six ribs
I: cres of greater tubercle of humerus
A: all fibers - adducts GH joint, medially rotates GH join, may assist in elevating thorax in forced inhalation
upper fibers - flexion of GH joint, horizontally adducts GH joint
lower fibers - extends GH joint
N: medial & lateral pectoral nerve
Term
latissimus dorsi (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: spinous processes of T6-12, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, posterior iliac crest, last 3 or 4 ribs
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: shoulder extension, adduction, medial rotation
N: thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)
Term
teres major (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: inferior axillary border of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: shoulder extension, adduction, medial rotation
N: subscapular nerve (C5-6)
Term
infraspinatus (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotates, adducts, extends, horizontally abducts shoulder, stabilizes head of humerus
N: suprascapular nerve (C5-6)
Term
teres minor (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: superior 1/2 of axillary border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotates, adducts, extends, horizontally abducts shoulder, stabilizes head of humerus
N: axillary nerve (C5-6)
Term
subscapularis (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medially rotates shoulder, stabilizes head of humerus
N: subscapular nerve (C5-6)
Term
coracobrachialis (O, I, A, N)
Definition
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: medial mid-humeral shaft
A: flexes & adducts shoulder
N: musculocutaneous nerve (C6-7)
Term
deltoid vs. rotator cuff muscles
Definition
deltoid - rolls head of humerus
rotator cuff muscles - slide humerus
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