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Shoulder and Muscles of the Rotator Cuff
Origin,Insertion,Nerve Supply,Blood Supply, Action.
6
Anatomy
Graduate
09/15/2011

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Term
Deltoid Muscle
Definition

Origin-   lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

 

Insertion- deltoid tuberosity and lateral shaft of humerus

 

Nerve Supply- axillary nerve (C5-C6)

 

Blood Supply- posterior circumflex humeral artery (3rd part of axillary artery)

 

Action -abducts arm (supraspinatus helps); flex and medially rotate arm, extend and laterally rotates arm.

Term
Subscapularis Muscle
Definition

Origin- subscapular fossa

 

Insertion- lesser tubercle of humerus and adjacent capsule of shoulder joint

 

Nerve Supply- upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5-C6- posterior cord of brachial plexus

*teres major also is innervated by subscapular

 

Blood Supply- subscapular artery (largest branch of axillary artery-3rd part)

 

Action- medially rotates arm (most powerful medial rotator) helps stabilize shoulder joint.

Term
Supraspinatus Muscle
Definition

Origin- supraspinous fossa

 

Insertion- greater tubercle and adjacent capsule of shoulder joint

 

Nerve Supply- suprascapular nerve (C5, C6- superior trunk of brachial plexus)

 

Blood Supply suprascapular artery of the thyrocervical trunk (branch of subclavian)

 

Action- Abducts arm at shoulder first 15 degrees then assists deltoid muscle and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Term

Infraspinatus Muscle

 

Definition

Origin- infraspinous fossa

 

Insertion- greater tubercle of humerus and adjacent capsule of shoulder joint

 

Nerve Supply- suprascapular nerve (C5,C6- superior trunk of brachial plexus)

* suprascapular nerve travels between the superior transverse ligament(STL)  of the scapula and the suprascapular notch. Artery travels OVER STL, Nerve travels UNDER STL

 

Blood Supply- suprascapular artery (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

 

Action- laterally rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Term
Teres Minor Muscle
Definition

Origin- superior part of lateral scapula

 

Insertion- greater tubercle and adjacent capsule of shoulder joint

 

Nerve Supply- axillary nerve (C5, C6)

 

Blood Supply- circumflex scapular artery (of subscapular artery)

 

Action- laterally rotates arm and stabilizes shoulder joint

Term
Muscles of the Rotator Cuff
Definition

Supraspinatus   (insertion:greater tubercle)

Infraspinatus     (insertion: greater tubercle)

Teres minor       (insertion: greater tubercle)

Subscapularis    (insertion:lesser tubercle)

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