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Sensory Sensation
N/A
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/16/2011

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Term
What are they four special senses?
Definition
Thermoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Term
What is thermoreceptors?
Definition
internal and external
Term
What is cutaneous sense?
Where is it?
Definition
In the epidermis
Touch receptors to temperature
Term
What are mechnoreceptors?
Definition
physical deformation
touch in skin
hair cells in ear
Term
What are the three touch receptors?
Definition
touch: meniscoid nerve endings
pain: free nerve endings
vibration: lamellar corpuscles
Term
Where is the external ear located?
Definition
extends from the exterior to the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Term
What is the Auricle/Pinna?
What does it do?
Definition
Part of the ear visible on the outside of the head
acts as capturing device for air pressure waves
Term
Where is the middle ear located?
What does it contain?
What closes off the middle ear to the exterior ear?
Definition
air filled space within the temporal bone
contains the tympanic bulla/cavity lined by mucous membrane
closed to the external ear by the intact tympanic membrane and communicates with the nasopharynx via the auditory tube
Term
What is the auditory tube?
Definition
opening of the auditory tube brought about by swallowing or yawning
permits equalization of air pressures between middle and external ears
Term

What are they three auditory ossicle bones?

What do all three of them do?

Definition
Malleus (hammer) Incus (anvil) Stapes (stirrup) provides mechanical linkage from the eardrum to the oval window vibrations are transmitted from the former to the later
Term
Where is the inner ear located?
Definition
house entirely within the petrous temporal bone, forming an elaborate fluid-filled system of chambers and canals
Term
What consists of the cochlea? (parts)
Definition
contains the cochlear duct which houses the sensory receptors that respond to sound waves (hearing)
Term
What does the cochlea look like?
What is it divided into?
Definition
tapered tube that circles around itself
divided length wise into two fluid (perilymph) filled canals which are joined by tapered end
Term
Where is the oval window located?
Definition
located at the proximal aspect of the cochlea
Term
Where is the round window located?
What does it do?
Definition
at the distal end of the cochlea
allows the energy from sound waves to be dissipated into the tympanic cavity
Term
What types of hair cells do what? Where are they located?
Definition
shortest hair cells detect the highest frequency, longest detect the lowest frequency
Organ of Corti
Term
What fluid fills the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth?
Definition
filled with perilymph
filled with endolymph
Term
How does the ear transport vibrations?
Definition
ossicles transmit vibration to the cochlea through the oval window
causes "fluid" wave in the perilymph
vibrating perilymph causes the membranous walls of the cochlear duct to vibrate
organ of Corti, in cochlear duct, contains specialized hair cells that generate nerve impulse when displaced by the moviement of the endolymph
Term
What are chemoreceptors?
Definition
specific chemicals bind and generate an action potential
detect particular molecules in the environment and translate that information into an electrical impulse
Term
What is Olfaction?
Definition
sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory nerve
Term
Where are olfactory cells located?
How do they transmit signals?
Definition
in mucosa-biplar neurons
the dendrites in the neurons transmit signals from epithelim which transmits to the axon to connect with olfactory nerve
Term
What are the receptor cells in Olfaction?
Where are they located?
Definition
hairlike projections on surface of nasal mucosa olfactory glands in mucosa secretions create a thin layer of fluid molecules must be in a solution to be detected
Term
Vomeronasal organ
Definition
pheromones
Term

What is gustation?

What gland do the secretion come from? 

Definition
taste food must be in a solution in order to be "tasted" watery secretions from glands of von Ebner help solubilize food particles
Term
What are the taste cells?
Definition
arranged in a group with supporting cells, a cluster that constitutes the taste bud
taste buds located on tongue in association with various papillae
Term
What is the Bulbous corpuscles?
Definition
Sensory receptor to stretching skin
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