Term
to lungs – pulmonary
to rest of body – systemic
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Definition
the pumping heart sending blood in two circuits
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Term
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Definition
| the heart Lies within the central space called the |
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Term
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Definition
| is the pointed tip of the heart |
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Definition
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Definition
blood is pumped to lungs by one pump
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Definition
| blood is pumped to whole system |
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Definition
| – a double-walled sac around the heart |
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Term
A superficial fibrous pericardium
A deep two-layer serous pericardium –so three layers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium |
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Term
| The visceral layer or epicardium |
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Definition
| lines the surface of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| visceral and parietal layers They are separated by the fluid-filled |
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Definition
Protects and anchors the heart
Prevents overfilling of the heart with blood
Allows for the heart to work in a relatively friction-free environment
fluid is present here
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Term
Superior and inferior venae cavae
Right and left pulmonary veins
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Definition
| Vessels returning blood to the heart include |
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Term
Pulmonary trunk, which splits into right and left pulmonary arteries
Ascending aorta (three branches) – brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and subclavian arteries
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Definition
Vessels conveying blood away from the heart:
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Term
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Definition
| visceral layer of the serous pericardium |
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Term
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Definition
| – cardiac muscle layer forming the bulk of the heart |
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Term
| Fibrous skeleton of the heart |
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Definition
| crisscrossing, interlacing layer of connective tissues which support the valves and vessels, and isolate the upper and lower chambers |
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Term
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Definition
| endothelial layer of the inner myocardial surface |
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Term
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Definition
| is striated, short, fat, branched, and interconnected |
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Term
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Definition
| anchor cardiac cells together and allow free passage of ions |
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Term
| syncytium – beats in a rhythm |
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Definition
| Heart muscle behaves as a functional |
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Term
| Gap junctions and desmosomes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| divides right atria and right ventricle from left side |
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Term
| ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) valves |
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Definition
| separate upper and lower chambers |
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Term
a receiving chamber
from superior and inferior vena cava
coronary sinus drains into this atria also
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
is opening between atria
until birth…….
then it closes and seals off by about 3 months
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Term
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Definition
anterior wall has muscular ridges
PECTINATE MUSCLES |
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Term
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Definition
superior portion is a valve
atrioventricular valve (AV)
right side valve has three cusps = TRICUSPID AV valve
the edge of the cusps is attached to tendons
CHORDAE TENDINEAE
the chordae tendineae attach inferiorly to muscles called PAPILLARY MUSCLES
valve will flop upwards when ventricle contracts
but only go as far as chordae tendineae will allow
muscular ridges include one that connects to papillary muscles (moderator band)
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Term
| pulmonary semilunar valve |
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Definition
is like a pouch
prevents backflow into right ventricle after blood leaves
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Term
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Definition
– similarly shaped
prevents backflow into the left ventricle
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Term
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Definition
four pulmonary veins enter the posterior aspect
oxygenated blood from lungs
left AV valve has only two cusps = BICUSPID or MITRAL valve
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Term
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Definition
is much more muscular because it needs to push with more force to send blood throughout the body
also has chordae tendineae
has semilunar valve between chamber and aorta
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Term
double pump
right side receives from body through vena cava
receiving chamber = right atrium
discharges to lungs through pulmonary trunk
discharge chamber = right ventricle
left atrium also receives and sends to left ventricle which is the discharge chamber to the system
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Definition
| Pathway of Blood through heart |
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Term
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Definition
| is the functional blood supply to the heart muscle itself |
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Term
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Definition
| ensure blood delivery to heart even if major vessels are occluded |
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Term
| The heart does not ‘sample’ the blood |
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Definition
diffusion of blood into the working muscles is not practical
must feed the muscle with separate blood supply – arteries and veins
the coronary circulation is a short circuit around and through the heart
at the beginning of the aorta are the right and left coronary arteries
deliver blood only when the heart is relaxed – otherwise are compressed by contraction
branches include the anterior interventricular artery and circumflex from left artery
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Term
Right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle
Right ventricle pulmonary semilunar valve pulmonary arteries lungs
Lungs pulmonary veins left atrium
Left atrium bicuspid valve left ventricle
Left ventricle aortic semilunar valve aorta
Aorta systemic circulation |
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Definition
| Pathway of Blood Through the Heart and Lungs |
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