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Sarah G - Textbook Words 1
Textbook Words Ch 1-5
54
History
11th Grade
04/04/2013

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Term
nomad
Definition
a person who moves from place to place in search of food
Term
glacier
Definition
a large, moving sheet of ice
Term
civilization
Definition
the way of life of people in one place and time
Term
empire
Definition
territories and people under the control of one ruler
Term
colony
Definition
settlement ruled by people form another land

example: The United States was a _________ of England; England was its mother country.
Term
navigator
Definition
the person who determines the direction of a ship
Term
compass
Definition
an instrument that shows direction
Term
geography
Definition
study of climate and land forms
Term
astronomy
Definition
study of stars and planets
Term
conquer
Definition
to take over and control
Term
mission
Definition
a settlement, built by a church, from which people teach their religion to others
Term
convert
Definition
to change from one religion or belief to another
Term
joint-stock company
Definition
a company in which people give money to share costs
Term
charter
Definition
a written agreement giving certain rights
Term
cash crop
Definition
a crop grown for sale rather than for use by a farmer
Term
indentured servant
Definition
a person who signs a contract to work for others
Term
treaty
Definition
written agreement between two or more nations
Term
debtor
Definition
a person who owes money to others
Term
economy
Definition
the way goods, wealth, and services are created and used
Term
export
Definition
to send goods to another region or country
Term
frontier
Definition
a newly or lightly settled area just outside an area of older settlements
Term
barter
Definition
to trade a product or service for another product or service
Term
import
Definition
an item brought into a country or region from another country or region
Term
common
Definition
an open area shared by all the villagers
Term
political rights
Definition
rights given to people by a government
Term
jury
Definition
a group of people who decide whether a person on trial is guilty or innocent
Term
mercantilism
Definition
the idea that a nation becomes stronger by building up its gold supply and increasing trade
Term
regulate
Definition
to control
Term
tax
Definition
money that must be paid to a government
Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
exchange of plants, animals, people and ideas from Europe to the Americas after Columbus' voyage
Term
Triangular Trade
Definition
trade of goods and slaves between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies
Term
ally
Definition
a nation that joins with other nations for the same cause
Term
cede
Definition
to surrender something
Term
proclamation
Definition
an official government announcement
Term
representative
Definition
a person selected to act for others
Term
repeal
Definition
to end
Term
declaration
Definition
a public statement
Term
revolution
Definition
a sudden, complete change of government
Term
militia
Definition
an army of citizens used in emergencies
Term
blockade
Definition
an action to keep supplies from getting into or out of an area
Term
Loyalist
Definition
a colonist who remained loyal to Great Britain
Term
Patriot
Definition
a colonist who wanted independence from Great Britain
Term
neutral
Definition
not favoring either side in a quarrel or war
Term
constitution
Definition
the laws and plans of a nation's government
Term
territory
Definition
land that belongs to a national government but is not a state
Term
convention
Definition
a large gathering of people for a particular reason
Term
compromise
Definition
a settling of differences where both sides give up something
Term
legislative branch
Definition
the part of government that makes laws

(In the U.S. government, this is Congress, which includes the Senate and House of Representatives.)
Term
executive branch
Definition
the part of government that carries out laws
Term
judicial branch
Definition
the part of government that settles differences about the meaning of laws
Term
ratify
Definition
to approve
Term
amendment
Definition
a change or addition to a document
Term
Cabinet
Definition
a group of people chosen by the President to give advice
Term
alliance
Definition
a partnership
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