Term
| Why is use of blood products increased now? |
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Definition
- greater client awareness,
- changes in veterinary education,
- improved availability of blood products and "blood substitutes" |
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Term
| How many blood types do carts have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common blood type in cats int he US (domestic short and long-haired cats)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What breeds of cats have more common frequency of type B blood? |
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Definition
British shorthair 59%
Devon Rex 43%
Persian 24%
Abyssinian 20%
Himalayan 20%
Birman 18% |
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Term
| Are cats with type AB blood common? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it so crucial to find out if a cat has a blood type B? |
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Definition
Because all type B cats greater than 3 months of age are reported to have IgM anti-A alloantibodies;
These are compliment-fixing antibodies that can lead to severe, often fatal, hemolytic transfusion reaction |
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Term
| Is it ok to transfuse type A cats with type B blood? |
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Definition
| They also have anti-B (IgG) alloantibodies, but the reaction to them is not as severe. |
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Term
| Do cats with AB blood type have any antibodies? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
is anew antigen in feline blood;
- cats lacking this antigen have naturally occuring antibodies resulting in an acute, hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Always crossmatch cats prior to transfusion. |
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Term
| What is the way to blood type dogs? |
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Definition
DEA 1,3,4,5,7 erythrocyte surface antigens;
-Naturally occuring alloantibodies to DEA 1 are rare but alloantibodies to DEA 7 can occur in up to 50% of dogs;
-alloantibodies do not generally cause severe hemolytic reactions but may cause early removal of RBCs of transfused blood cells |
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Term
| What blood type donors are recommended for use in canine blood transfusions? |
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Definition
| The use of universal DEA 1.1 negative |
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Term
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Definition
| This antigen is lacking from the RBCs in some Dalmatians and can result in formation of alloantibodies after transfusion. |
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Term
| What makes blood typing simple and economical? |
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Definition
-Blood type cards
-Available for both dogs and cats
Feline cards have shown 100% agreement with standard aggluttination tests,
-Canine have shown 81-100% agreement, but occasional false positive results have been seen. |
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Term
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Definition
Serum of the receipient
Blood drops of the donors |
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Term
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Definition
| Serum of the donors, blood cells of the receipient |
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Term
| When should dogs be crossmatched? |
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Definition
| before any cellular transfusion (PRBC or Whole blood) |
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Term
| When should cats be crossmatched? |
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Definition
- prior to transfusion of any blood component;
-any animals that received a blood component 4 or more days previously should be crossmatched prior to receiving subsequent transfusions (due to risk of formation of antibodies against the original transfused cells even if the receipient was cross-matched or given type-specific blood for the first transfusion |
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Term
| When is crossmatching not necessary in dogs that are transfused plasma, cryoprecipitate, or platelet-rich plasma |
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Definition
| Because donor dogs should not have had the opportunity to develop alloantibodies (vere pregnant nor transfused) |
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Term
| Even if the donor and receipient have been crossmatched, is transfusion reaction still possible? |
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Definition
| yes, because cross matching does not evaluate WBC or platelet antigen incompatibilities |
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Term
| What is a simplified method of cross-matching? |
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Definition
1) Collect 0.5-1 ml of EDTA blood from a patient and all potential donors (or take one segment from a donor blood tag)
2) Centrifuge for 5 minutes at 1000g or allow the RBC to sediment for 1-2 hours (sedimentation does not usually work well with canine blood)
3) Using a separate pipette for each sample, transfer the plasma to labeled tubes
4) In small tubes mix 0.1 ml PRBCs in a 2.4 ml of 0.9% NaCl
5) Set up the following slides:
- 2 drops of patient plasma + 1 drop of donor RBC (Major); 2 drops of donor plasma and 1 drop of patient's RBC (Minor); Autocontrol)
6) Gently rock the slides from side to side at room temp
7) Check for agglutination wi 5-15 min
8) Add a cover slip and examine under the microscope to differentiate between agglutination and rouleaux |
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Term
| Describe rules for dog donors: |
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Definition
at least 50 pounds
never been pregnan
good body condition
neutered
Dirofilaria immitis, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma phagocytophillum, and Babesia negative
Should be vaccinated against Distemper, Parvo, Rabies |
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