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S1M1-Back muscles
Ross University
17
Anatomy
Professional
12/09/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Describe a back sprain
Definition

An injury where only ligamentous tissue or the attachment of ligament to bone is involved, without dislocation or fracture

 

Results from strong contractions related to movements of the vertebral column, such as extensive extension or rotation

Term
Describe a back strain
Definition

Involves microscopic tearing of muscle fibers.

 

Usually muscles involved with producing movements of lumbar IV joints (erector spinae)

Term
what is a spasm
Definition

sudden involuntary contraction of one or more muscle groups.

Attended by cramps, pain, and interference with function, producing involuntary movement and distortion.

 

As a protective mechanism the back muscles go into spasm after an injury or in response to inflammation

Term
What is arteriosclerosis?
Definition

Blood flow through vertebral arteries that run through the traverse foramen of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and through the suboccipital triangle is reduced

 

prolonged turning of the head may cause light headedness, dizziness, and other symptoms from the interference with the blood supply to the brain stem.

Term
Damage to the Spinal Accessory Nerve 11 will affect which muscles?
Definition

1. Spinal accessory nerve 11 provides motor innervation to the trapezius.  Trapezius elevates, retracts, depresses, and rotates the scapula laterally.  Also allows for abduction of arm of 90-180 degrees.  Injury to that nerve will affect all these functions.

 

2. also innervates Sternocleidomastoid muscle.  If right nerve is damaged then person will have difficulty looking up and to the left.

Term
What are the boundaries of the triangle of ausciltation? What is the clinical significance?
Definition

Bounded by: Trapezius, latisimus dorsi, and rhomboid major

 

used to listen to respiratory sounds, primarily from inferior lobes of the lungs

Term
Lumbar triangle
Definition

Boundaries: Latissimus dorsi, external abdominal oblique, and iliac crest

 

Site where lumbar hernia and infection can occur

Term
What is the sensory supply to the back of the head?
Definition

C2- greater occipital

C3- lesser occipital

Term
If you draw a line through the illiac crest, which vertebral segment does it pass through?
Definition
the spine of L4
Term
What are the symptoms of Caudal equina syndrom (CES)?
Definition

CES= uncommon complication of arthritis of the spine (ankylosing spondylitis)


1. decreased sensatino in sacral dermatones

2. moderate motor deficits

3. impaired ankle reflexes

4. bowl and bladder disturbances


 

Term
If a patient is injured and cannot elevate the tip of her shoulder, which nerve has been damaged?
Definition

Most likely the spinal accessory nerve.  Since it innervates the trapezius, which is the muscle responsible for elevating the scapula and acromion

Term
What is responsible for the retraction of the scapula
Definition

Rhomboids (innervated by dorsal scapular nerve) and trapezius

Term
Injury to the thoracodorsal nerve would result in what?
Definition

Thoracodorsal nerve innervates the latisimus dorsi, injury to this nerve would result in inability to extend the arm or raise the trunk to the arm (chin ups)

Term
Injury to the transverse cervical artery would affect which muscles? 
Definition
trapezius
Term
Thoracodorsal nerve
Definition

Innervates latisimus dorsi, which is important for adducting, medially rotating and extending the artm

 

Term
Accessory nerve
Definition
Innvervates trapezius, if injured, patient cannot raise the tip of shoulder
Term
Dorsal scapular nerve
Definition
Innervates levator scapulae and rhomboids, if injured patient would have problems elevating and/or retracting the scapula
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