Term
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was born in Austria in 1889. |
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Definition
| Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.[image] |
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Term
Atheism
Atheism is the opposite of theism. |
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Definition
| The belief that there is no god.[image] |
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Term
Benito Mussolini
Benito Mussolini was named after the Mexican Revolution. |
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Definition
| He organized veterans and other discontented Italians into Fascist Party; "il Duce": the boss.[image] |
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Term
Black Shirts
The Black Shirts were given a task of leading fights against their bitter enemies, the Socialists. |
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Definition
| Party militants and supporters of Mussolini who rejected the democratic process in favor of violent actions.[image] |
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Term
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks seized power from the provincial government with an armed uprising.
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Definition
| A party of revolutionary Marxists, led by Vladimir Lenin, who seized power in Russia in 1917.[image] |
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Term
Chancellor
Germany has a chancellor. |
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Definition
| In 1919, German leaders drafted a constitution in the city of Wiemar. It created the Wiemar Republic. The constitution set up a parliamentary system led by a Prime Minister; appointed by & reports to the President.[image] |
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Term
Cheka
The Cheka was created on December 20, 1917. |
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Definition
| Secret police, formed by Lenin and the Bolsheviks: made arrests, tortured and executed thousands, took hostages in areas that favored the Whites, ran concentration camps, executed thousands, including the former Tsar Nicolas II and his family.[image] |
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Term
Collectives
Stalin forced peasants to give up their private plots and live on either state-owned farms or on collectives. |
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Definition
| Stalin wanted all peasants to farm on state-owned farms, or large farms owned by peasants as a group.[image] |
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Term
Comintern
The Comintern was formed by Lenin.
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Definition
| Lenin formed the Communist International, an association of Communist parties founded in 1919 by Russian Bolshevik leader Lenin, to promote the spread of the revolution and the preaching of communist principles throughout Europe.[image] |
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Term
Command Economy
The Soviet Union developed a command economy. |
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Definition
| The Soviet Union developed a system in which the government officials made all basic economic decisions.[image] |
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Term
Fascism The German government was a type of facism. |
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Definition
| Centralized, authoritarian government that is not communist whose polices glorify the state over individual and are destructive to basic human rights.[image] |
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Term
Führer
Hitler was the only führer. |
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Definition
| The unique name granted by Hitler to himself, german term meaning "leader" or "guide", Hitler modeled the title after Benito Mussolini's use of il Duce.[image] |
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Term
Gestapo The Gestapo is known as the Secret State Police of Germany. |
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Definition
| German acronym for the German Secret State Police, part of the SS notorious for terrorism against enemies of the state.[image] |
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Term
Gulag
The Gulag controlled the Soviet forced-labor camp system. |
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Definition
| Grumblers, or critics of Stalin, were rounded up and sent to a system of brutal labor camps.[image] |
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Term
Karl Marx
Karl Marz joined a movement know as the Young Hehelians.
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Definition
| Often recognized as the "father of communism"; believed that communism would replace capitalism, believed in a classless society. (1818-1883)[image] |
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Term
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin launched the Great Purge in 1934. |
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Definition
| Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition; "man of steel." (1879-1953)[image] |
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Term
Kulaks
Stalin sought to destroy the kulaks. |
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Definition
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Term
Lenin
Lenin and the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
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Definition
| Founded the Communist Party in Russia and set up the world's first Communist Party dictatorship. He led the October Revolution of 1917, in which the Communists seized power in Russia. He then ruled the country until his death in 1924.[image] |
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Term
March on Rome
The March on Rome took place on the 22 to 29 of October 1922. |
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Definition
| Tens of thousands of fascists swarmed towards Rome. Fearing civil war, king Victor Emmanuel III asked Mussolini to form a government as Prime Minister.[image] |
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Term
Nuremburg Laws
The Nuremburg Laws were first declared at the annual Nazi rally held in Nuremberg in 1935. |
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Definition
| In 1935, the Nazis passed these laws which deprived Jews of German citizenship and placed several restrictions on them, including: being prohibited from marrying non-Jews, attending or teaching at German schools, holding government jobs, practicing law or medicine, or publishing books.[image] |
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Term
Proletariat
The proletariat grows and becomes stronger with the growth of capitalism. |
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Definition
| Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production; the working class.[image] |
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Term
Ruhr Valley
France got mad because Germany said they couldn't pay the reparations, so they sent troops to the Ruhr Valley and took control of the mines there to get their money. |
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Definition
| In 1923, Germany fell behind in reparations payments so France occupied the coal- rich Ruhr valley.[image] |
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Term
Russification
Russification was intended to ensure state control over a diverse population.
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Definition
| Making a nationalities culture more Russian.[image] |
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Term
Socialist Realism
Stalin forced artists and writers to conform the socialist realism.
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Definition
| Stalin required artists and writers to conform to a style in which the goal was to boost socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light.[image] |
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Term
Soviets
The Soviets performed both legislative and executive functions at the all levels. |
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Definition
| Councils of workers and soldiers[image] |
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Term
Totalitarian state
Marx turned the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state.
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Definition
| Mussolini practiced the first form of government, a one party dictatorship that attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens.[image] |
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Term
Third Reich
Hitler created the Third Reich which killed millions of Jews.
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Definition
| Hitler boasted that under his new empire the German master race would dominate Europe for a thousand years.[image] |
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