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| an economic, political theory based on the writing of karl max and freidrick engels in the communist manifesto |
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| Peaceful groups with petition for reforms shot by the Tsars troops |
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| Created the Duma(parliament) |
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He was a bolshevik Sent from Germany on a sealed Train, earned support because he promised Peace, land and Bread. overthrew provisional government. Later was exile, he then went to britain
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| What was the Stolypin Reforms |
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| it made it easier for peasants to own land , they can now own land |
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| Who did the provisional government form a government with, what happen to the Tsar |
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| Prince Lvov as prime minister, Tsar abdicated was know as the March Revolution |
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| Mensheviks and Bolsheviks |
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M(minority men):broad based membership ruled from 190-1917
B(Majority men):narrow, extreme left wing |
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| when Lenin came to power private ownership was abolished and peasants divided large landholdings through the Land Decree. Success of revolution depended upon making peace with Germany. |
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| Peace treaty with germany.Treaty freed up german treaty on the eastern front ---> move to western front. Peace at any price to focus on communism |
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| Anti Revolutionary forces, mostly mensheviks supported by Allies |
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| term given to the economic policies of the bolsheviks during the civil war. War communism stopped all private trading and was abolished and food supplies were controlled |
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| Private enterprise was permitted, controls must be relaxed so NEP developed, surplus food could be sold for profit, small factories returned to private ownership |
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T:wanted worldwide revolution
S:wanted communism in Russia(socialism in one country) Stalin succeeded lennin
Trotsky was exiled and later killed in Mexico |
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| joining of large farms into collectives shared by many but owned by the sate. Rich |
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| were rich, landowning peasants know as kulaks, opposed collectivization.Was part of the Five Year plans. |
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| focused on industrial growth. a Command economy, target for industry, power supplies and transport, targets were not expected but demanded. Farms joined so they could use machinery. Created over 90 industries. Eletricity, coal, oil, pig iron,steel |
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| WW1 and economic crises within the Russian sate added fuel to the revolutionary movement? |
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| inflation, taxation,famine, shortage ammunition,no equipment, ill-training, brutality,food scarce |
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| 2 man causes of the unplanned march revolution |
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| bread shortage, strikes, rioters. Revolution started in petrograd |
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| Where did the provisional government find rival to its rule? |
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| the petrograd soviets wanted to share power with the provisional government, most of them were mensheviks their leader was Kerensky |
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| What crucial mistake did Kerensky make |
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| He continued war with Germany |
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| Sovnarkom, why would they abolish teaching of religion |
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| The communist Bolsevik government. Relgion supported Tsar, church had private land, religon is competition for communism |
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| compare Brest-Litovsk and compare to Versailles |
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| Brest-Litovsk was alot harsher, thus making it hard for Germany to refuse the treaty of versailles |
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| Bolsheviks(RED) vs EVERYBODY ELSE(WHITE) they were disorganized and divided |
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| What was the Red Terror, Explain the role of the cheka |
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| Red Terror was secret police force,insteigated by the Cheka, Cheka was looking for counter revolutionaries, white sympathizers. 50 000 ppl died from the cheka 1918 |
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| What happen at Kronstadt in 1921 |
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| Sailors in the port of Kronstadt rebelled against the government. Red army raped the fuck out of them and there leaders were shot |
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| Purges,show trials and the cult of personality |
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Purges--> putting people in jail + killing as a political weapon to discipline citizens
Show trials--> old bolsheviks stood in cout + confessed their part in plots to over throw government
cult of the personality--> a person that believes hes so big that the country won't survive with out him |
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"Working men of all countries unite"
"We have nothign to lose but our chains" |
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| relied on peasant support |
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| 1917 Leader of Bolsheviks |
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