Term
| What are stimulants most used for? |
|
Definition
| to stimulate respiration or speed arousal from anesthesia |
|
|
Term
| What does analeptics mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are CNS stimulant drugs? |
|
Definition
| Doxapram HCl (Dopram) and Theophylline (Theodur) |
|
|
Term
| What is the action of Doxapram (Dopram)? |
|
Definition
| stimulates the respiratory center in the medulla |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of Doxapram (Dopram)? |
|
Definition
a. respiratory arrest
b. arousal from anesthesia
c. stimulate respiration in the newborn
1. SQ, sublingual area, Umbilical vein |
|
|
Term
| Theophylline is in the same family of drugs as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the action of Theophylline? |
|
Definition
| increases irritability of cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of Theophylline? |
|
Definition
2. used primarily as bronchodilator
a. also has diuretic and stimulatory effect
b. will prevent water reabsorption at the kidney tubules
c. will dilate the bronchi and stimulate blood flow to the coronary artery |
|
|
Term
| Which drug is similar to Theophylline and has a shorter duration of action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of Aspirin? |
|
Definition
| analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, reduction in platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduces fever by acting on the temperature regulating area in the hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| How does Aspirin relieve pain? |
|
Definition
| relieves pain by elevating the pain threshold in the thalamus |
|
|
Term
| How does Aspirin function as an anti-inflammatory? |
|
Definition
| inhibits production of prostaglandin, histamine, serotonin and bradykinin |
|
|
Term
| What are signs of Aspirin toxicity? |
|
Definition
1. anorexia
2. vomiting
3. ataxia
4. bone marrow suppression
5. ulceration of mucus membranes (gastric)
6. hepatoxicity
7. shock, death |
|
|
Term
| What can be used to decrease the chances of GI ulceration? |
|
Definition
| Sucralfate and misoprostil (Cytotec) |
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
|
Definition
| non-narcotic analgesic, not in the salicylate family |
|
|
Term
| How does Acetaminophen (Tylenol) work (since it is technically not an NSAID)? |
|
Definition
| reduces the perception of pain in the thalamus of the brain |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
|
Definition
| good analgesic and antipyretic, elevates the pain threshold, not irritating to the gastric mucosa, an be administered for a long period of time |
|
|
Term
| What species should Acetaminophen (Tylenol) never be given to at any dose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment if a cat is given Acetaminophen (Tylenol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Phenylbutazone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the uses of Phenylbutazone? |
|
Definition
| anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic |
|
|
Term
| What are the uses of Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)? |
|
Definition
| analgesic and anti-inflammatory |
|
|
Term
| What can Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) cause? |
|
Definition
| gastric irritation and not recommended because of potential ulceration problems |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action for Carprofen (Rimadyl)? |
|
Definition
appears to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) II and spare COX I
1. COX II inhibition will inhibit inflammation
2. COX I sparing effects will minimize effects the stomach and kidney |
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Etodolac (EtoGesic)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the actions of Etodolac (EtoGesic)? |
|
Definition
| anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic |
|
|
Term
| What does Ketoprofen (Ketofen) inhibit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What has Ketoprofen (Ketofen) been associated with? |
|
Definition
| decreased platelet adhesion and increases in bleeding times |
|
|
Term
| Fericoxib (Previcox) is an NSAID that is approved for use of what species only? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Morphine is what kind of drug? |
|
Definition
| narcotic analgesic, schedule II drug |
|
|
Term
| How is Morphine metabolized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Butorphanol (Torbutrol, Torbugesic)? |
|
Definition
| a derivative of opium - analgesic |
|
|
Term
| What schedule is Butorphanol (Torbutrol, Torbugesic)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are uses for Butorphanol (Torbutrol, Torbugesic)? |
|
Definition
-centrally acting cough suppressant (antitussive)
-effective as an analgesic while producing mild sedation |
|
|
Term
| What drug is similar to oxymorphone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What schedule is hydromorphone (Dilaudid)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of hydromorphone (Dilaudid)? |
|
Definition
1. sedative
2. analgesic
3. preanesthetic |
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is the Fentanyl patch? |
|
Definition
| synthetic opioid with 100 times the potency of morphine |
|
|
Term
| How long do Fentanyl patches last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Hydrocodone (Hycodan)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What schedule is Hydrocodone (Hycodan)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are side effects of Hydrocodone (Hycodan)? |
|
Definition
side effects
1. sedation
2. vomiting
3. constipation
4. opiates may cause excitement in cats |
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug is Tramadol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the uses of Tramdol? |
|
Definition
c. may be used as a cough suppressant (antitussive)
d. exerts opioid like effects in the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| What are the narcotic reversing agents? |
|
Definition
| Nalorphine (Nalline) and Naloxone (Narcan) |
|
|
Term
| Which drug is best used to reverse Morphine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the drugs for control of seizures? |
|
Definition
| Phenobarbitol, Primidone, Diazepam (Valium), Pentobarbital, Potassium bromide, levetiracetam (Keppra) |
|
|
Term
| What is the action of Phenobarbitol? |
|
Definition
| elevates the seizure threshold |
|
|
Term
| What is the major dose dependent side effect of Pheno? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other side effects of Pheno? |
|
Definition
b. polyuria
c. polydipsia
d. polyphagia
e. drowsiness |
|
|
Term
| Pheno can cause what to the liver? |
|
Definition
| may cause liver enzyme induction and damage to liver cells |
|
|
Term
| What drug is converted to phenobarbital in the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is more likely to cause liver damage than phenobarbitol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primidone is recommended when? |
|
Definition
| when phenobarbital is unable to control seizures |
|
|
Term
| What drug is best to use for IV emergency seizure control to stop an active seizure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is used via IV to treat status epilepticus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug is used in cases that do not respond to Pheno? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug is the choice for cats with epilepsy with few side effects? |
|
Definition
|
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