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Rome Chapter 3
Rome
50
History
10th Grade
02/22/2016

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Term
Which is not a successful strategy of the Romans?

• Were heavily concerned with their virtues like gravitas and pietas
• Extended citizenship to allies giving incentive to pay taxes and contribute soldiers
• Built roads mainly for military purposes
• Created an Empire of one strong ruler that received power by entertaining the masses
Definition
Created an Empire of one strong ruler that received power by entertaining the masses
Term
Geographically, Rome's success may have been due to being built on 7 hills and 18 miles up the Tiber River making it easy to ___________ and ____________ (either order).
Definition
Trade; Defend
Term
The Punic Wars were between Rome and the _____________ which was originally a Phoenician colony founded in N. Africa.
Definition
Carthage
Term
A government where the leader is not a monarch and a limited number of citizens can vote for representatives is called a __________.
Definition
Republic
Term
This group was made up of those that have either served as one of the 2 leaders or a judge, consisted of about 300 upper class citizens, and eventually gained large amounts of power

• Senate
• Praetor
• Tribune
• Centuriate
Definition
Senate
Term
After using successio, the lower class were able to create the Council of ______ and elect a Tribute; however, it still left only the wealthy in charge.
Definition
Plebs
Term
_____________ were the large, less wealthy farmers, merchants, artisans, and craftspeople who eventually gain some power using successio.
Definition
Plebeians
Term
In Rome there were 2 __________ or leaders that were elected every year that issued laws and lead armies into battle (usually separately) which created a check on power with no one man in control.
Definition
Consul
Term
_____________ was a great leader during the Second Punic War that crossed the Alps with his troops and battle elephants.
Definition
Hannibal
Term
___________ were wealthy Roman landowners, only class that originally could hold office, and were not a large class.
Definition
Patricians
Term
Caesar officially was made a ___________ or someone traditionally given power in time of emergencies and for a limited time; however, many doubted he would give back the power leading to his assassination.
Definition
dictator
Term
The ____________ brothers of Gaius and Tiberius tried to settle the crisis in Rome; however, they were both killed by the Senate opening a door to a new way to do politics.
Definition
Gracchus
Term
When Caesar "Crosses the ____________," he was committing treason toward Rome and started a civil war with Pompey.
Definition
Rubicon
Term
Of the 5 'good' emperors, ________ helped educate the poor and expand the empire into Dacia or modern day Romania, Mesopotamia, and Sinai.
Definition
Trajan
Term
An equal rule of 3 is called a _______________.
Definition
Triumvirate
Term
Of the 4 'bad' emperors, ________ loved the arts; killed his mother, Agrippina, and teacher, Seneca; and persecuted Christians.
Definition
Nero
Term
__________, a Roman general, changed how the army was recruited by promising land to the soldiers changing their loyalty from Rome to him.
Definition
Marius
Term
After Caesar is assassinated, another power struggle ensued between 3 new rulers which ended with ____________ defeating Marc Antony at Actium, who then flees to Egypt with Cleopatra to commit suicide.
Definition
Octavian (not yet Augustus)
Term
What is something that Caesar did when he came to power?

• Took land from the aristocracy for himself
• Increased the size of the Senate to 900
• Gave more power to the Senate
• Declared himself emperor
Definition
Increased the size of the Senate to 900
Term
What was one huge effect of the Punic Wars on Rome?

• Left many farmers landless or broke forcing them to move to the cities
• Caused farmers to become professional solders
• Made the rich aristocracy gave land back to farmers as gratitude for fighting
• Created a lack of workers due to plague
Definition
Left many farmers landless or broke forcing them to move to the cities
Term
________ was a historian that wrote "The Early History of Rome" and saw history as a moral lesson.
Definition
Livy
Term
____________ mostly wrote satires, said Carpe Diem, and pointed out how people complain about their life
Definition
Horace
Term
___________ used the defeat of the slave revolt in the 70s BC to gain an army and political power that put him into a position to be in power with Caesar and Pompey.
Definition
Crassus
Term
____________ was a famous gladiator that lead a slave revolt in the 70s BC.
Definition
Spartacus
Term
__________ and ___________ were/are a way to keep the masses happy/distracted in order to keep or gain power.
Definition
Bread and Circuses
Term
___________ wrote the Aeneid that is similar to the Iliad and celebrates the ideal Roman.
Definition
Virgil
Term
____________ means 'father lead' which shows how Roman society was ordered, though it changes allowing women more freedom over time.
Definition
Paterfamilias
Term
What statement describes slavery in Rome?

• It would be easier to work a slave to death and replace them, than treat them well
• Slavery was once a small but with enslaving conquered people, became enormous
• Greeks were typically teachers which emphasizes the importance of Greek in Roman society
• All the Above
Definition
All the Above
Term
Carpe Diem means "Seize the Day." What Greek philosophy does this seem to reflect?

• Stoicism
• Pythagorism
• Cosmology
• Socratic Method
Definition
Stoicism
Term
Poor people lived in horrible housing called ___________ that often were unsanitary, collapsed, overcrowded, prone to fires, and had high rent.
Definition
insulae
Term
In 6 AD, ___________ or the lands of the old Kingdom of Judah became a Roman Province.
Definition
Judea
Term
Of the 4 views on the Romans, the _____________ were priest that favored cooperation with Rome.
Definition
Sadducees
Term
Why was the spread of Christianity so fast?

• It allowed people to use their own religious practices
• It gave purpose beyond Rome but to the individual and higher salvation
• It didn't create classes but was about all people
• All the above
Definition
All the above
Term
Constantine became the first Christian Emperor and issued the _____________ that proclaimed official tolerance of Christianity
Definition
Edict of Milan
Term
________ was a new Jewish prophet that believed his mission was to fulfill the prophecy of salvation and was believed to be the messiah.
Definition
Jesus
Term
Due to being seen as a threat to public order and Roman virtue/morals, Christians were persecuted until the 3rd century. The worst of this persecution may have come from ________ who would turn Christians into human candles and have dogs tear them apart.
Definition
Nero
Term
The Zealots called for a violent overthrow of the Romans which lead to a revolt in 66 AD which was put down in 70 AD and the __________ of ___________ was destroyed
Definition
Temple of Jerusalem
Term
One of Jesus' followers that was able to spread his teaching along Asia Minor and the Aegean due to his Roman citizenship was ________.
Definition
Paul
Term
What is true about the persecution of Christians?

• It was not as bad as history claims
• It solidified their faith and lead to more organization of the church
• It directly lead to the collapse of the Roman Empire
• It caused many Christians to abandon their new religion
Definition
It solidified their faith and lead to more organization of the church
Term
Of the 4 views on the Romans, the __________ who were scholars that believed that if they held close observance to religious law
Definition
Pharasees
Term
__________________ was the last Roman emperor in 476.
Definition
Romulus Augustulus
Term
One of Constantine's greatest achievements is taking the Greek city of ____________ (later Constantinople and Istanbul) on the Bosporus Strait.
Definition
Byzantium
Term
Both Diocletian and Constantine tried to deal with a rapid increase in prices called?

• Deflation
• Deficit
• Debt
• Inflation
Definition
Inflation
Term
Choose 2 contributing reasons the Roman Empire fell.

• Large amount of resources but poor transportation
• Technological growth moved faster than society could handle
• Lead poison from plumbing and cups
• Christianity caused a decline in the virtues that held the military and citizens loyal to Rome
Definition
Lead poison from plumbing and cups
• Christianity caused a decline in the virtues that held the military and citizens loyal to Rome
Term
The invasions and civil wars after 180 AD were worsened by an epidemic disease called a ___________ which created a labor shortage for both farmers and the military.
Definition
plague
Term
The Huns pushed the ____________ West and South across the Danube and eventually revolted, sacking Rome in 410 AD.
Definition
Visigoths
Term
One major issue that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire in the West was the use of ___________ mercenaries that had no loyalty to Rome.
Definition
Germanic
Term
After Marcus Aurelius in 180 AD, the civil wars ended with a military government under the _____________ rulers who were told to "pay the soldiers, ignore everyone else."
Definition
Severan
Term
Diocletian tried to save the empire by splitting the empire in __ parts and created a rule of 4 called a _________.
Definition
2; Tetrarchy
Term
The __________ sacked Rome in 455 and were seen as a ruthless tribe the destroyed things in their way (though possibly untrue).
Definition
Vandals
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