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| offenses originally falling under head of treason |
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| First in time or order; the first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; first man, first person |
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| The idea and policy of maintaining a larger government with more administration |
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| The idea and practice of maintaining a smaller government with less administration |
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| A move by Domitian which rounded off some of the borders, including a slight advance into Scotland. |
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| The fortifications along frontier roads |
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| Roman peasant tenant farmers that farmed the land and payed rent (portion of harvest, labor, money) to the owner of the latifundium. Basically serfs. |
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| This granted to all free subjects citizenship, effectively elimination any difference between Italy and the provinces. It also increased inheritance and taxes benefiting the military. This was effected under Carcalla. He can now tax them, and also in a way the new citizens become his clientele. |
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| The country people, or civilians, but became associated with non-believers of Christianity because the country people were among the last to convert. |
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| frontier garrisons commanded by a dux or a comes |
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| Latin meaning “substitute or “deputy” kind of like “Vice …” Part of the title of various officials. Diocletian reforms created diocese, which were a new administrative level and were headed by a vicarius. |
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| Latin word meaning “chief” or “patron.” Used for Roman governors during the 2nd century A.D. as a replacement for procurator. Diocletian’s reform led to reduced sizes of provinces and called provincial governors praesides (singular--praeses). Office restricted to only equites and NOT senators. |
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| Propaganda and religion began to emphasize the adoptive house of Augustus as the vehicle of succession |
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Nero had this building built after the fire in Rome; Theories were offered that he started the fire to make room for it, as it was built on land whicht he fire cleared
"Gold House" |
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| This was written by the Emperor Trajan (not yet emperor at the time) during the first five years of Nero's rule |
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All emperors who succeeded the throne by birth, except Titus, were bad, and all who succeeded by adoption were good. This was the case in the "good emperors.
This theory set forth by Machiavelli |
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| founded by Trajan? Sum of money lent to proprietors providing the income for the institution and supporting the kids. |
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| The Greek writers who flourished from reign of Nero to A.D. 230. Celebrated by Philostratus. Included |
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A religion (often from the East) which generally involved rites, ceremonies, and practices known only to its members
Quite popular during the Roman period |
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| Edict of Milan / Edict of Toleration |
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| Signed by Constantine and Lucinius and ordered the restoration of Christian property, and ordered toleration of the church |
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| A mobile and heavily armed force |
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| Ecumenical council convened by Constantine at Nicaea. They met to discuss contended doctrines concerning the godhead and ended up refuting Arianism |
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| This was an edict given by Diocletian which standardized all market prices. Violation of this edict could be punishable by death |
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Heresy
THe belief that Jesus was subordinate to God, having been begotten by him. He was, however, born before time and created the earth.
This doctrine was refuted at Nicaea |
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| One of the first symbols of Christianity, made up of two overlapping Greek letters, Chi and rho, which are the first two letters of Christ in Greek. Famously used on the shields of Constantine as he moved forward to victory at the Battle of Milian Bridge |
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| the attempt to reconcile contrary beliefs, often by melding practices of opposing ideals, religions, etc. |
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| Divisions in religion relating to the spread of Christianity. Large empire in the 4th century A.D. --Extreme Arians, Strict Arians, Moderate Nicaeans, Strict Nicaeans. |
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