Term
| Sukhomlinov and his quote |
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Definition
| Russian general who said "One does not send such an ultimatum unless the cannons are loaded." |
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Term
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Definition
| EVERY available resource was put to the war effort, distinction between soldier and civilian broken down |
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Term
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Definition
| Foreign policy adopted by Kaiser Wilhelm II that aimed for expansion by use of aggressive diplomacy and possession of a powerful military (especially navy). |
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Term
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Definition
| German strategy for avoiding a two front war if war to break out. They would concentrate troops in the West so France would be defeated quickly, then focus on transporting troops to the East as fast as possible so Russia would not have time to mobilize. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1918 Treaty between Russia and Central Powers affirmed the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania. Gave Poland land. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1918 Forced Romania to lease oil reserves to Germany |
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Term
| Wilson and the Fourteen Points |
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Definition
| January 8, 1918 Wilson's goals for war and post war reform outlined in a speech. Did not aim to punish losers and reward winners so much as forge a lasting peace in Europe. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prime Minister of Britain during Versailles conference. Did not want to destroy Germany with reparations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prime Minister of France during Versailles conference. Wanted to cripple Germany beyond recovery as revenge for war. Wanted massive reparations. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1919 Dissolved the Austro-Hungarian empire, reducing Austria to 30% of its former size. Restricted military extensively. Created Czeckoslavakia |
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Term
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Definition
| 1920 Treaty that defined borders of Hungary after Austro-Hungarian empire was dissolved. Hungary reduced to 30% of its former size. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1919 Treaty that defined borders, reparations, and military for Bulgaria. Reduced to 90% of its former size. |
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Term
| Treaty of Lausanne (Turkey) |
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Definition
| 1923 Turkey gave up all claims to Ottoman Empire, in return the Allies recognized Turkey's sovereignty in its borders (which were also defined by the treaty) |
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Term
| Anglo-American [French] Guarantee Treaty |
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Definition
| 1919 Said that Britain and U.S. would guarantee to defend France if Germany ever attacked. Never ratified by U.S. Senate so never actually put into affect. |
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Term
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Definition
| System of dividing up post-war colonies and territories within the League of Nations. The Middle East mandates were formally controlled by the Ottoman Empire. Syria went to France, Palestine and Mesopotamia went to the U.K. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1920 Russia defeated by Poland. Fixed Poland's Eastern border. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1920 Peace treaty beyween Ottoman Empire and Allies. Relegated distribution of former German holdings in the Ottoman Empire. Annulled due to Turks ceding from the Empire and superseded by Treaty of Lausanne. |
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Term
| League of Nations Covenant |
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Definition
| Said members would "...respect and preserve the territorial integrity of other members..." |
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Term
| Slavery Commission (League of Nations) |
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Definition
| Freed 200,000 slaves in Sierra Leone and made Abyssinia abolish slavery as a condition of League membership (1926) |
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Term
| Upper Silesia (League of Nations) |
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Definition
| 1919-1921 Plebiscite taken in Upper Silesia to allow people to vote on whether they wanted to become part of Germany or Poland. Voted for Germany but didn't lead to peace. Poland and Germany fought and Poland took over half of the region. The League intervened and divided the land, giving most of it to Germany and the mineral resources to Poland. |
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Term
| Albania (League of Nations) |
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Definition
| 1921 Invaded on both sides by Greece and Yugoslavia, for the land. League intervened and said Albania's borders would be the same as they were pre-war. |
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Term
| Mosul (League of Nations) |
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Definition
| 1920-1926 Kurds living in Mosul became part of the British mandate of Iraq. Turkey contested this and claimed that Mosul was theirs'. Kurds didn't want be part of either. League said Mosul would stay in Iraq but Britain would protect the "autonomous rights" of the Kurds. |
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Term
| Bulgaria (League of Nations) |
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Definition
| 1925 Bulgaria (heavily crippled by war) and Greece had a border dispute and Greece invaded. The League condemned the invasion and ordered that Greece leave and pay Bulgaria for damages. Greece complied. |
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Term
| Washington Naval Conference |
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Definition
| 1921-1922 Naval disarmament conference between U.S., U.K., and Japan. Most successful disarmament conference with Japan. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1921-1922 Pact signed by U.S., U.K., and Japan at Washington Naval Conference. U.S., U.K., and Japan were to reduce the number of capital ships by a ratio of 5:5:3 respectively. |
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Term
| Reasons and Purposes of Washington Naval Conference |
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Definition
| 1921-1922 All wanted to avoid an expensive naval arms race and reduce costs. The U.K. wanted to get out of an old treaty it had made with Japan. Japan gained an unrivaled superiority in the Pacific. |
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Term
| Agreements of Washington Naval Conference |
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Definition
| 1921-1922 would reduce number of capital ships by 5:5:3 ratio. They would begin destroying battleships. They would build no new battleships for ten years. No new bases would be built in the Pacific. |
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Term
| U.S. Objectives in Washington Naval Conference |
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Definition
Wanted to avoid expensive naval arms race and reduce costs.
There may be more but it's like three in the freakin' morning and I only got one hour of sleep last night so I'm kinda really tired so look this one up if you want and I also couldn't find anything (useful) on the Draft Treaty of Mutual Assistance. Was that even a thing? Oh well, hope ya pass. Smooches and goodnight. |
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