Term
1. The American Revolution
George Washington crossed the Delaware during the American Revolution. |
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Definition
| The war between the American colonies and Great Britain (1775-1783), leading to the formation of the independent United States.[image] |
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2. Bastille
Bastille is a famous French prison. |
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Definition
| Medieval fortress used as a prison; french angry mob broke into it and killed the guards, releasing the prisoners, but found no weapons. [image] |
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3. Boston Massacre
British fired on civilian before the American Revolution in the Boston Massacre.
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Definition
| British army soldiers open fired on a protesting crowd, killing 5 civilian men (March 5, 1770).[image] |
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4. Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was place on December 16, 1773. |
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Definition
| A political protest against the tax policy of the British government that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies (Dec. 1773). [image] |
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5. Bourgeoisie
The French merchants were the Bourgeoisie. |
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Definition
| The middle class; part of the Third Estate.[image] |
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Term
6. Checks and Balances
Check and Balances prevent one branch of the government from taking over. |
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Definition
| From Montesquieu, a fundamental democratic principle of American government which ensures that one branch does not accumulate too much power.[image] |
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Term
7. Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson. |
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Definition
| An act of the Second Continental Congress, adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared that the Thirteen Colonies in North America were "Free and Independent States" and that "all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved."[image] |
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8. Estate-General
The Estate General offered a chance of carrying out changes that came with the Glorious Revolution in England. |
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Definition
| The legislative body consisting of representatives of the three estates.[image] |
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9. Executive
The Executive executes and enforces laws.
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Definition
| The part of a government that makes sure decisions and laws work well.[image] |
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10. Federal Republic
The people of the Federal Republic pick their own elected representative. |
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Definition
| Created in the U.S. Constitution, it divides the power between the federal (or national) government and the states.[image] |
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Term
11. French Revolution
The French Revolution lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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Definition
| The anticlerical (anti-power of the clergy) and republican revolution in France from 1789 until 1799, when Napoleon seized power.[image] |
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Term
12. Judicial
Article III of the Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch.
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Definition
| Relating to the law, judges, or their decisions.[image] |
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Term
13. Judicial Review
The courts use a judicial review to question a law's constitutional integrity. |
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Definition
| Power of courts to review decisions of another department or level of government.[image] |
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Term
14. Legislature
The Legislature forms important parts of most governments. |
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Definition
| An institution that has the power to make or change laws.[image] |
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Term
15. Limited Power
A Constitutional monarchy has limited power. |
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Definition
| A type of government in which its functions and powers are prescribed, limited, and restricted by law.[image] |
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16. Louis XVI
Louis XVI was the King of France from 1774 until his deposition in 1792
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Definition
| Well-meaning but weak and indecisive French ruler who inherited the throne deeply in debt; summoned the Estates-General together for the first time in 175 yrs, where citizens aired grievances and ultimately created the National Assembly.[image] |
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17. National Assembly
The 3rd Estate established the Nation Assembly. |
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Definition
| Created by the disgruntled delegates of the french Third Estate, joined by reform-minded clergy and nobles.[image] |
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18. Popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty is the basic principle in a democracy. |
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Definition
| All government power comes from the people.[image] |
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Term
19. Separation of Powers
The seperation of powers was created by Montesquieu. |
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Definition
| Division of governmental authority among the three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial branch. The US Constitution uses this principle in setting up the presidency, the Congress, and the courts.[image] |
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Term
20. Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was very unpopular among colonists. |
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Definition
| A law passed by the British Parliament requiring all publications and legal and commercial documents in the American colonies to bear a tax stamp (1765).[image] |
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Term
21. Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath was made on June 20, 1789. |
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Definition
| When the new National Assembly was locked out of their meeting hall, they assembled in a nearby tennis court, where they swore to meet until a Constitution was established.[image] |
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Term
22. Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris negotiated between the United States and Great Britain.
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Definition
| American, French, and British diplomats signed this treaty that ended the Revolutionary war and Britain recognized the independence of the United States of America (1783).[image] |
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Term
23. U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution comprises seven articles.
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Definition
| Document that replaced the Articles of Confederation, defined the system of government in the newly established America and contains additional amendments when ratified (1787).[image] |
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Term
24. Yorktown, Virginia
Yorktown, Virginia is one of the three sites of the Historic Triangle.
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Definition
| Where G. Washington forces the surrender of the British army, thereby ending the American Revolutionary war (1781).[image] |
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