Term
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Definition
| Who was pressed to death in Salem Massachusetts? |
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Term
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Definition
| In what year did the Salem Witch Trials take place? |
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Term
1) admission of guilt
2) spectral evidence (victim testified) |
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Definition
| List 2 types of evidence that the courts accepted as proof of witchcraft. |
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Term
| Betty Parris & Abigail Williams |
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Definition
| Who were the two girls that first started acting “strangely” |
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Term
| They were sent to jail; eventually hanged |
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Definition
| What would happen if a person who was accused of being a witch did NOT confess? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was the first to be hanged for being a witch? |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the French and Indian War take place? |
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Term
British army, colonial militia, & some Native Americans
VS.
French army, colonial militia, & lots of Native Americans |
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Definition
| Who was fighting (specifically)? |
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Term
| Competition over fur trade & land |
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Definition
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Term
| Present day Pennsylvania, Western New York, & Canada |
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Definition
| Where did the war take place (specifically)? |
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Term
| Marched in rows when shooting b/c guns did not have very good aim, so were bound to hit someone |
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Definition
| How did the British fight in battles? |
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Term
Individually and without guns
(guerrilla- shot from behind trees) |
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Definition
| How did the Native-Americans fight? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| William Pitt used the British Navy to surprise-attack Quebec |
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Definition
| Why/ How did the British win the French & Indian War? |
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Term
1. need money to control the land & people
2. huge war debt
3. Pontiac’s Rebellion |
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Definition
| What were 3 problems that the British had when the French & Indian war was over? |
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Term
Proclamation Line of 1763
(prohibited colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains, on Pontiac’s territory) |
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Definition
| What did the British set up to deal with Chief Pontiac? |
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Term
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Definition
| How many miles separated England from the North American colonies? |
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Term
| Trade and Navigation Acts |
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Definition
| What were the series of laws set up so that the British could protect trade and make more money for its empire? |
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Term
1 led violent protests
2 tarred & feathered British officials
3 rioted |
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Definition
| What were some things that colonists did to show that they did not like the enforcement of the laws/taxes from England? |
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Term
1 capture Samuel Adams & John Hancock, two leaders of
Sons of Liberty
2 regain ammunition in Concord |
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Definition
| What 2 things were the British trying to capture/recapture which led to the Battles of Lexington and Concord? |
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Term
tax stamp on printed items
ex ) books, legal documents, playing cards
(internal tax) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Stamp Act made? |
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Term
| British suffered from war debt after French and Indian War |
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Definition
| Why was the Stamp Act made? |
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Term
| Colonists rebelled by forming Sons of Liberty, tarring and feathering people, riots, and boycotting British goods, which made the British mad |
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Definition
| Why was the Stamp Act important in leading to the war? |
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Term
tax on all British imports
ex) glass, lead, paper, paint, tea
(external tax) |
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Definition
| What was the Townshend Act? |
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Term
| British soldiers shot colonists |
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Definition
| What happened at the Boston Massacre? |
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Term
| Colonists can only buy tea from one company: Dutch East India Company, which was owned by the British. |
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Definition
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Term
| Colonists threw tea from Dutch East India Company into the Boston Harbor |
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Definition
| What was the Boston Tea Party? |
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Term
| British closed down Boston Harbor & quartering act (soldiers could station themselves in colonists houses) |
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Definition
| What were the Intolerable Acts? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Townshend Ac made? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Boston Massacre? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Tea Act made? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Boston Tea Party? |
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Term
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Definition
| When were the Intolerable Acts made? |
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Term
| Since the Stamp Act failed and had to be repealed, the British needed another way to make money to pay off the war debt |
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Definition
| Why was the Townshend Act made? |
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Term
| it happened because lots of tension was building up since the British troops were stationed in Boston. |
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Definition
| Why did the Boston Massacre occur ? |
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Term
| The British wanted to save the tea company & make money to pay off the war debt. |
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Definition
| Why was the Tea Act made? |
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Term
| The colonists wanted more choices, so used this as a protest to Tea Act. |
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Definition
| Why did the Boston Tea Party happen? |
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Term
| In reaction to the Boston Tea Party |
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Definition
| Why were the Intolerable Acts made? |
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Term
| Colonists boycotted these goods. The British repealed the taxes except one on tea |
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Definition
| Why was the Townshend Act important in leading to the Revolution? |
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Term
| Patriots used it to turn other colonists on the British. Also, made British troops leave Boston for a short period of time. |
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Definition
| Why was the Boston Massacre important in leading to the Revolution? |
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Term
| Colonists were upset because lack of choice, and began to rebel. |
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Definition
| Why was the Tea Act important in leading to the Revolution? |
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Term
| This made the British very mad so they passed the Intolerable Acts. |
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Definition
| Why was the Boston Tea Party important in leading to the Revolution? |
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Term
| Made the colonists realize that they needed to come together and resist the laws. They then formed the First Continental Congress. |
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Definition
| Why were the Intolerable Acts important in leading to the Revolution? |
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Term
| Proclamation Line of 1763 |
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Definition
| Order in which British prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains |
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Term
| Proclamation Line of 1763 |
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Definition
| Even though the colonists were not supposed to cross west over the Appalachian Mts., as ordered in the ________, colonists crossed them anyway. |
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
| Colonists formed the _____________ in response to the Coercive, or “Intolerable”, Acts. |
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
| A meeting of delegates in 1774 to uphold colonial rights |
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Term
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Definition
| Patriots ______ British imports in response to the Townshend Acts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refusal to buy certain goods |
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Term
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Definition
| The British _______ the Townshend Acts, except for the tax on tea. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Both French and British _______ were used in the French and Indian War. |
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Term
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Definition
| A force of civilians; not part of regular army |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ were very useful for the Patriots, especially when the British were close by, since they could prepare to fight in a minute's notice. |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the colonial militia who were trained to respond “in a minute’s warning” |
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Term
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Definition
| _______ support the British, while Patriots are against them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loyalists support the British, while ______ are against them. |
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Term
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Definition
| An American colonist who supported the British |
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Term
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Definition
| An American colonist who sided with the rebels |
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Term
| Dutch East India Tea Company |
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Definition
| The Tea Act stated that American colonists could only buy tea from the _______________. |
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Term
| Dutch East India Tea Company |
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Definition
| A tea company owned by the British |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the Battles of Lexington & Concord occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the Decloration of Independence signed/constructed? |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the Battle of Trenton occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the Battle of Saratoga occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| When did the Battle of Yorktown occur? |
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Term
Lexington, Massachusetts
&
Concord, Massachusetts
(both near Boston |
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Definition
| Where did the Battles of Lexington & Concord occur? |
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Term
Charlestown, Massachusetts
(near Boston)
took place on Breed’s Hill, but was supposed to be fought on Bunker Hill. |
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Definition
| Where did the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) occur? |
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Term
Independence hall
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
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Definition
| Where was the Decloration of Independence signed? |
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Term
Trenton, New Jersey
(on the border of Pennsylvania) |
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Definition
| Where did the Battle of Trenton occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where did the Battle of Saratoga occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where did the Battle of Yorktown occur? |
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Term
-British soldiers marched to Lexington to capture Sons of Liberty leaders John Hancock & Samuel Adams
-Minutemen were warned by Paul Revere, & tried to stop the British, and some were killed
-Then the British went to Concord to regain stolen ammo. Minut |
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Definition
| What happened at the Battles of Lexington & Concord? |
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Term
-Colonists put cannons (stolen from British) on Breed’s Hill- aimed at Boston Harbor, where British navy was.
- British attacked & suffered heavy losses. |
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Definition
| What happened at the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) ? |
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Term
| -A list of complaints against the King that the colonists felt gave them permission to break free from England & form their own country |
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Definition
| What was the Decloration of Independence? |
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Term
-Washington’s army was going to go home on January 1, so he needed a victory.
-He led his troops across the Delaware River on Christmas night for a sneak attack on the Hessian camp.
-Surprised the Hessians, who were fighting for the British |
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Definition
| What happened at the Battle of Trenton? |
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Term
-The British attacked the colonists, but Benedict Arnold (colonist) made repeated charges
-Tired out Burgoyne’s (british) men
-Americans surrounded the British |
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Definition
| What happened at the Battle of Saratoga? |
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Term
-General Cornwallis (british) was stuck in Yorktown.
-Colonists attacked by land
-French navy attacked by water |
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Definition
| What happened at the Battle of Yorktown? |
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Term
British
(were more of them, shot a few colonists & marched on) |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Lexington? |
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Term
Colonists
(used guerrilla warfare, aka shooting from behind trees) |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Concord? |
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Term
British won on 3rd trip up the hill; only because the colonists ran out of ammunition
Also, British soldiers were good at hand-to-hand combat, which was used when they got to the top of the hill. |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Bunker HIll (Breed's Hill)? |
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Term
Colonists
(Sneak attack was in early morning & Hessians had been celebrating Christmas the night before. They took 900 prisoners) |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Trenton? |
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Term
Colonists
(British gave up too easily) |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Saratoga? |
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Term
Colonists
(General Cornwallis was surrounded & could not get help) |
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Definition
| Who won the Battle of Yorktown? |
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Term
-1st two battle of Revolutionary War
-“The Shot Heard ‘Round the World”
-Made colonists realized that they had to fight the British to protect their homes |
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Definition
| Why were the Battles of Lexington & Concord important? |
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Term
-British realized they would have to try hard to win
-Colonists felt a sense of confidence since they held the British off for so long |
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Definition
| Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) important? |
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Term
-made the United States its own country
-gave colonists more of a reason to fight |
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Definition
| Why was the Declaration of Independence so important? |
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Term
-Colonists got supplies
-Most importantly, Washington’s troops felt proud & re-enlisted in the army |
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Definition
| Why was the Battle of Trenton important? |
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Term
-Now that the colonists had earned a real victory, France signed a Treaty of Alliance & openly helped the colonists with money, troops, leaders, and supplies
**TURNING POINT IN WAR |
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Definition
| Why was the Battle of Saratoga important? |
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Term
| -Last official battle of the war |
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Definition
| Why was the Battle of Yorktown important? |
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Term
Military power- had strongest army & navy in the world; were well equipped, trained, & disciplined
Superior numbers- outnumbered American Patriots in most battles
Indian support- Native Americans feared losing even more land to white settlers |
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Definition
| What were 3 advantages that the British had during the Revolution? |
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Term
Weak motivation- not fighting for a cause
Unaggressive officers- failed to press advantages
3,000 miles from British home base- resulting in poor communications & a long supply line |
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Definition
| What were 3 disadvantages that the British had during the Revolution? |
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Term
Outstanding leadership- General George Washington was a man of high character and inspiring courage
Strong motivation- Americans were fighting for freedom: freedom to think for themselves, to choose their own laws, and govern themselves
Fighting |
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Definition
| What were 3 advantages that the Colonists had during the Revolution? |
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Term
Inexperienced army & militia (most were farmers)- untrained & undisciplined
Short enlistments- often only 3 to 12 months
Brand new navy- few ships to defend coastline |
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Definition
| What were 3 disadvantages that the Colonists had during the Revolution? |
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Term
- Lacked supplies (shoes, food, shirts, coats, hats; most only had a blanket to cover themselves)
- Nearly ¼ of soldiers died from lack of nutrition & warm clothing |
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Definition
| What were the conditions like in the winter of 1777 at Valley Forge for the colonial soldiers? |
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Term
1) US was independent
2) Boundaries would be the Mississippi River on the west, Canada on the north, and Spanish Florida on the south
3) The US would receive the right to fish off Canada’s Atlantic Coast, near Newfoundland & Nova Scotia
4) Each side wo |
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Definition
| What did the Treaty of Paris-1783 state? |
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Term
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Definition
| Chosen to be Commanding General for American Patriots |
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Term
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Definition
| His courage, high character and many decisions made by him influenced the American colonists to win war |
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Term
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Definition
| Chosen as Commander in Chief for Britain |
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Term
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Definition
| Led a very skilled and disciplined British army. |
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Term
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Definition
| A leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty who hid in Lexington with John Hancock |
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Term
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Definition
| Urged colonists to revolt against the British. |
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Term
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Definition
| British General who set up base at Yorktown. |
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Term
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Definition
| In August 1781, a French fleet blocked the Chesapeake Bay, preventing the British from receiving supplies and from escaping. The north was also blocked by Washington and his troops. Whenever the British tried to get out, the French drove them back . This resulted in Cornwallis surrendering on October 19, 1781. |
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Term
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Definition
| A Boston Son of Liberty who rode to Lexington & Concord to warn that the British were coming. |
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Term
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Definition
| Succeeded in warning the Patriots, which prepared them to begin the war against Britain. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of colonists who formed a secret society to oppose British policies |
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Term
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Definition
| Were a major Patriot group. Also reacted to Stamp Act with revolting & boycotting, also violent (tarring & feathering). |
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Term
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Definition
| King of England during time of Revolutionary War. |
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Term
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Definition
| Made Acts that angered the colonists, causing them to revolt. |
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Term
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Definition
| 19-year-old French nobleman who volunteered to serve in Washington’s army. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fought in many battles and persuaded French King to send a much-needed 6,000-man army to aid the colonists. |
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