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Definition
an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations
-PROFIT- |
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In the middle ages, there was no capitalism
The guild system & manorial system promoted cooperation
But when they started to decay, trade increased and towns grew |
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Hanseatic League
(13th cent) |
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Definition
Dominated trade in northern Europe
Included around 80 German towns
Dealt mainly with raw materials
Had trading posts in Russian, Scandinavia, the Netherlands, and England |
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| What city/state/country dominated trade in Southern Europe? |
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Definition
Italy
Specifically, Venice dominated Eastern trade, and Milan dominated trade with Europe |
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| Major (southern) European Banking Center |
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Definition
| Italy, specifically Florence (the Medicis) |
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German banking family
Leader--Jacob Fugger, aka Jacob the Rich |
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| Motivations for Exporation |
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Definition
Wealth/Trade--Europeans wanted to bypass the Venetians and Moslem middlemen in the Near East and gain direct access to the spices & luxury goods of Asia
Religion--Europeans wanted to spread Christianity
-Gold, God, and Glory- |
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Definition
| Invention used to determin latitude |
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Definition
| Venetian explorer who traveled to China in the late 13th century |
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| Monk who served as a missionary in Persia, India, and China. One of the early European explorers |
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Niccolo de'Conti
(1395-1469) |
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Definition
| Venetian merchant who visited India, Ceylon, and Burma. One of the early European explorers |
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| Prince Henry the Navigator |
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Definition
| Prince of Portugal, interested in Africa and spreading Christianity there. Established a school of navigation in 1419. Gave Portugal a head start in exploration. |
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Bartholomew Diaz
(d. 1500) |
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| Portuguese explorer who rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 |
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Vasco de Gama
(1469-1524) |
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| Portuguese explorer who reached India in 1498. |
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| Claimed Brazil for Portugal |
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| Portuguese center for sugar production |
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| Portuguese fishing center |
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| Portuguese wine production center |
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Alfonso de Albuquerque
(1453-1515) |
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| Took Goa, Portugal's main naval base & commercial center in Asia, and Malacca & Mala, also Portuguese trade centers |
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Definition
| Portuguese trade centers in Asia |
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Definition
King of Portugal during the Exploration
Commissioned de Gamas trip around the Cape of Good Hope |
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Christopher Columbus
(1451-1506) |
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Definition
Explorer sent by Queen Isabella of Spain to try and sail West from Spain to Japan.
Did not reach Asia, instead arrived in the Carribbean.
"Discovered" the "New World"--Hispanola, Trinidad, the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, the coast of Central America, and more |
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Papal Line of Demarcation
(1493) |
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Definition
| Established by Pope Alexander VI. Line located 100 leagues west of the Azores & the Cape Verde Islands. Newly discovered lands west of this line were given to Spain, east were given to Portugal |
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Treaty of Tordesillas
(1494) |
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Definition
Established between Portugal and Spain when Portugal protested the Papal Line of Demarcaation.
Set a new line at a point 370 leagues west ofthe Cape Verde Islands, and put Brazil in the Portuguese sphere |
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Ponce de Leon
(1460-1521) |
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| Spanishl; Discovered Florida in 1515 |
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Definition
| Spanish; Made his way across Panama to the Pacific Ocean (called it the south sea) |
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Hernan Cortes
(1485-1547) |
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Definition
| Conquered the Aztec empire, ruled by Montezuma, in Mexico |
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Fransisco Pizarro
(1476-1541) |
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Definition
| Overran the INcan empire in Peru, which was led by Altahuarpa |
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| Leader of the Aztecs, defeated by Cortes |
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| Leader of the Incas, defeated by Pizarro |
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Fransisco de Coronado
(1510-1554) |
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Definition
| Explored what is now the Southwestern United States, as far north as Kansas |
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Definition
| Led the voyage that was the first to circumnavigate the globe. Didn't survive the journey, but one of his ships did |
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Amerigo Vespucci
(1454-1512) |
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| Florentine explorer who explored the South American coast amd confirmed that Columbus had not reached Asia, but a 'new world'. Cartographer Martin Waldseemuller named America after him. |
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| Explorer of North America, employed by England. Hoped to find a passage through America to Asia. England's claims to America are based on his voyages |
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Giovanni da Verrazano
(1480-1527) |
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| Explored North American coast in the name of France |
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| French explorer; explored Canada |
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