Term
| Gold standrad of dx for BVDV |
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Definition
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Term
| Most important part of managing BVDV |
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Definition
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Term
| BRSV more commonly causes (upper/lower) resp disease in cattle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Calf at 3-4 months with interstitial pneumonia. May have bullae on lungs and sub q emphysema ( looks like wrapped in bubble wrap) name the pathogen: |
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Definition
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Term
| This pneumovirus is very fragile and so can't culture. Need to rely on other things like IHC, FA, PCR |
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Definition
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Term
| This virus doesnt cause much disease but makes others worse. North American Vaccines all have this included |
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Definition
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Term
| This virus _______ known for winter dysentery but can sometimes cause resp disease through a mutation. May be able to try the calf diarrhea vaccines but OFF LABEL for resp. |
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Definition
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Term
| Average fetal age ( in days) where if infected with BVDV will become a PI |
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Definition
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Term
| Average fetal age ( in days) where if infected with BVDV will get congenital malformations like cerebellar hypoplasia |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen casues more economic loss in cattle industray than any other |
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Definition
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Term
| Two virulence factors produced by Mannheimia hemolytica (one-two punch) |
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Definition
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Term
| The better vaccine for Mannheimia hemolytica is purified recombinant _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| After Mannheimia has done some damage, even after treatment, this pathogen can move in and cause a bad chronic pneumonia |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen generally starts out respiratory, goes systemic and then causes TME (thromboembolic meningoencephalitis) |
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Definition
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Term
| No beta lactams for this respiratory pathogen |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen that starts out respiratory has a geographic distribution more in northern midwest and Canada |
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Definition
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Term
| Caseous necrosis/microabscesses in alveoli. Also produces a biofilm and hard to treat |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen generally starts out respiratory, goes systemic, and more commonly known for mastitis, Can also cause vestibular problems and septic arthritis |
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Definition
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Term
| Variable surface proteins make it hard to vaccinate against this bacterial respiratory pathogen |
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Definition
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Term
| Sens and Spec are low for pulling calves that we think are sick but when we do it's based on two main things: |
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Definition
1. Clinical Signs
2. Temp > 104 |
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Term
| For bovine resp disease you want to continue antibiotic therapy for ___ hours after resolution of signs |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a biomarker that has promise on figuring out which calves need treatment and which ones can safely go off treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| why might you avoid steroids as an anti-inflammatory in cows? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fog fever can happen when cows put on fresh lush pasture that has high amounts of ___a_____, which is converted to ____b___ in rumen, which is toxic to type ____c____ pneumocytes to cause a __d__ pneumonia |
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Definition
a L-Tryptophan
b 3-methyl indole
c type I
d Interstitial |
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Term
| Fog fever- febrile yes or no |
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Definition
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Term
| Moldy sweet potato poisoning occurs when the pathogen ____a____ grows on sweet potatoes which then produce a product which is converted to ___b____ and goes through same pathway as l-tryptophan in cow rumen |
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Definition
a Fusarium solani
b 4-ipomeanol |
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Term
| Perilla mint produces a _____ which has the same effect as 4-ipomeanol |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the reasoning behind getting acute interstitial pneumonia in claves fed high protein diets? |
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Definition
maybe more tryptophan?
maybe higher amounts of aspirated ammonia? |
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Term
| Risk groups for acute interstitial pneumonia are (heifers/steers) in feed lots where it's really (cold/hot) and have had prior resp disease |
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Definition
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Term
| Pathogen behind caval syndrome in calves |
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Definition
| Fusobacterium necrophorum |
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Term
| Calf has a low rumen ph and now has epistaxis. Dx: |
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Definition
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Term
| Antigenic (drift/shift) is the phenomenon behind species jumps in influenza |
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Definition
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Term
| Antigenic (drift/shift) is the phenomenon behind why we need new flu vaccines every year |
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Definition
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Term
| This virus of pigs can replicate FAST ( and in other animals too) |
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Definition
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Term
| Alphaherpesvirus of pigs- gives cows the mad itch |
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Definition
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Term
| This resp virus of pigs can cause neuro signs in piglets and other hosts like cows- but not really in adult pigs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| This virus of pigs targets pulmonary macrophages but can infect other cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Piglets will be ADR dyspnea and CYANOSIS OF EARS classic for: |
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Definition
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Term
| Most hog farms just live with this virus and manage it the best they can |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen is the one most commonly isolated in porcine resp disease only becasue it likes to take advatage of a situation originally started by something else |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats often the first and most sensitive sign of bovine resp disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| what can you see to determine a very empty rumen |
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Definition
| Paralumbar fossa sunken in |
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Term
| When ausculting a cow, an area of consolidated lung will be (softer/louder) than surrounding lung |
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Definition
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Term
| Crackles usually means of of two things |
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Definition
| Pulmonary edema; Atelectasis |
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Term
| When u/s a thorax in cow- you should look for the pleural surface to make sure: |
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Definition
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Term
| Comet tail on thoracic r/g means |
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Definition
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Term
| This respiratory pathagen crosses into pleural space more than others and therefore commonly causes a fibrinous pleuritis |
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Definition
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Term
| Firm heavy and non collapsable lung: what kind of pneumonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| When you have a lung that wont collapse- you should think of a pneumonia of one of these two etiologies |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzootic nasal tumors are caused by a _______ and are considered what kind of neoplasia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sheep has an assymetrical nose |
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Definition
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Term
| Sheep with a profound rhinitis. Found huddled and with altered grazing behavior |
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Definition
| Nasal bots (oestrus ovis) |
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Term
| You usually give ivermectin twice yearly to prevent nasal bots- when exactly and why? |
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Definition
Mid summer- when larvae at peak
Early winter- prevent overwintering bots |
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Term
| Retropharyngeal abscesses in small ruminants must be considered _____ until proven otherwise |
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Definition
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Term
| Etiology for caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) |
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Definition
| Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| You have a pet goat with CLA. Would it be OK to inject the node with some formalin to stimulate immunity? |
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Definition
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Term
| You have a production goat with CLA. Would it be OK to inject the node with some formalin to stimulate immunity? |
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Definition
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Term
| This pathogen used to be within P. multocida. It is a major problem causing die offs in bighorn sheep out west |
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Definition
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Term
| There is a mycoplasma for sheep and one for bovine and one for caprine. Which one ONLY causes resp disease |
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Definition
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Term
| Genus and species of sheep Mycoplasma |
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Definition
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Term
| Which mycoplasma is a big deal- the one in goats or sheep? |
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Definition
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Term
| If you see a goat lung that reminds you a lot like M. haemolytica in cows, think: |
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Definition
| Mycoplasma mycoides/capricolum |
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Term
| OPP and CAE are what kind of retrovirus and like to infect what cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one can be transmitted through resp secretions: OPP or CAE? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one is less commonly a resp disease: OPP or CAE |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is serology a great dx test for OPP and CAE |
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Definition
| retroviruses- lifelong infection. If positive, they are currently infected |
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Term
| With CAE, what is unfortunately the best management practice to get rid of it? |
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Definition
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Term
| This disease cause by a retrovirus that specifically infects resp tract and causes neoplasia |
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Definition
| OPA Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma |
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Term
| Four respiratory-ish diseases cause by retroviruses in small ruminants |
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Definition
Enzootic nasal tumors
OPP Ovine progressive pneumonia
CAE Caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis
OPA Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinomoa |
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Term
| Wheel barrow test ( turn em up and see if mucus pours out) is used to dx: |
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Definition
| OPA Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma |
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|
Term
| Five viral pathogens involved in BRD complex |
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Definition
BHV1
BVDV
BRSV
Bovone Coronavirus |
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Term
| This bacteria can be involved in BRD only at the end to crash the party |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What makes a BRD cow depressed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What si the culminating event of a bronchopneumonia? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where is the common location of a bronchopneumonia ( bacterial) |
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Definition
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Term
| BHV1 causes lots of mucosal ulceration in resp tract especially upper. What other two problems can it cause elsewhere |
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Definition
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|
Term
| This virus causes severe tracheitis |
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Definition
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Term
| BHV-1 can cause abortions even up to ___ days after the resp outbreak |
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Definition
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Term
| Alphaherpesviruses like to set up shop in the galngion of the ____ nerve |
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Definition
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Term
| Supportive therapy for BHV-1 |
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Definition
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Term
| This BHV-1 vaccine is safe for cows but prob gives less protection: |
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Definition
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Term
| This BHV-1 vaccines gives great immunity but dont give first time to preggo cows or neonatal calves |
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Definition
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Term
| BDVD is a ________ ( type virus) in the _____ family |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the genotypes of BVDV |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the biotypes of BVDV |
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Definition
Non- Cytopathic
Cytopathic |
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Term
| A persistently infected calf was infected with a (CP/NCP) strain |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How does a PI get mucosal disease? |
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Definition
| When a NCP mutates to CP and mounts immune response |
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Term
| Mucosal disease is a look-alike for what other types of diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| A more chronic mucosal disease will form if the new strain is genetically simialr/dissimilar to originally infected strain |
|
Definition
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Term
| Even though BVDV has some cool manifestations, the most clinically important one is that it causes: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What types of cells does BVDV kill |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Most cows in a herd are seropositive for this resp virus |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Calves with interstitial pneumonia have (inspiratory/expiratory) difficulty |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Vaccines for this pathogen used to make disease worse because of formalin inducing hypersensitivity. Not true anymore- better vaccines |
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Definition
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|
Term
| We will use BOTH steroids and NSAIDs to treat this bovine resp virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What serotype is the commensal Mannheima haemolytica? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Histophilus somni has an affinity for ____ membranes |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Chronic pneumonia not responding to AB therapy |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| You treat nasal granulomas in cattel with iodine until: |
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Definition
| See scruffiness ( signs of iodine toxicosis) |
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|
Term
| Allergic rhinitis can become : |
|
Definition
| Enzootic nasal granulomas |
|
|
Term
| Who is predisposed to enzootic nasal granulomas? |
|
Definition
| Channel island breeds, young animals |
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|
Term
| How do you treat allergic rhinitis in cattle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sinusitis most commonly associated with ____ in _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vet Student + Balling Gun = |
|
Definition
| RPA (retropharyngeal abscesses) |
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|
Term
| How might you drain an RPA (retropharyngeal abscesses) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calf diptheria/ necrotic laryngitis is casued by |
|
Definition
| Fusobacterium necrophorum |
|
|
Term
| Before F. necrophorum comes in to cause necrotic laryngitis, what needs to happen? |
|
Definition
| laryngeal mucosal damage like stress, virus |
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|
Term
| This calf has got some stiiiinky breath |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Etiology of tracheal edema syndrome |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Fat cattle late in feed period. its hot out. CANT BREATHE |
|
Definition
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