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Respiratory System Terms
anatomy
39
Anatomy
11th Grade
04/21/2011

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Term
tidal volume
Definition
amount of air/normal breath (500 mL)
Term
IRV
Definition
amount over TV forcibly in (2100-3100 mL)
Term
ERV
Definition
amount forcibly exhaled (1000 mL)
Term
RV
Definition
amount remaining even after ERV; keeps gas exchange even between breaths (1100 mL)
Term
VC
Definition
VC=TV+IRV+ERV (4500 mL)
Term
IC
Definition
IC=TV+IRV
Term
dead space
Definition
amount of air remaining in the passageway (150 mL)
Term
functional volume
Definition
air that actually reaches resp. zone and contributes to gas exchange (300 mL)
Term
spirometer
Definition
machine that measures respiratory capacities
Term
medulla oblongata
Definition
contains the inspiratory and expiratory centers
Term
pons
Definition
controls inspiratory drive
Term
chemoreceptors
Definition
located in aorta and carotid arteries; detect CO2 --> message to medulla
Term
3 ways that air changes in the respiratory passages
Definition
purified, humidified, warmed
Term
3 main functions of paranasal sinuses
Definition
lining the skull, acting as resonance chambers for speech, producing mucus
Term
function of epiglottis
Definition
protects superior opening of larynx
Term
a blast of air pushes against the glottis and rushes up
Definition
cough
Term
inhale then release in short breaths
Definition
cry
Term
sudden inspiration due to a spasm of the diaphragm
Definition
hiccup
Term
created by the same action that causes crying
Definition
laugh
Term
same as cough, but through the nose
Definition
sneeze
Term
very deep inspiration needed to increase oxygen to body
Definition
yawn
Term
alveoli
Definition
where diffusion of O2 into blood occurs
Term
asthma
Definition
attack caused by collapse of breathing tubes
Term
bronchioles
Definition
end in air sacs
Term
cikia
Definition
line respiratory tubes
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition
too much mucus is produces and pools into lungs
Term
diaphragm
Definition
muscle
Term
diffusion
Definition
process by which lungs work
Term
emphysema
Definition
causes over-inflated air sacs that fill with mucus
Term
epiglottis
Definition
closes over windpipe when someone swallows
Term
hay fever
Definition
reaction in eyes, nose, and throat
Term
hiccup center
Definition
located on top of spinal cord at base of brain
Term
larynx
Definition
voice box (contains vocal cords)
Term
lung cancer
Definition
die of asphyxiation
Term
nasal conchae
Definition
turbinals of bone behind (inside) the nose
Term
nasal septum
Definition
divides the nose into two halves
Term
olfactory sense
Definition
smell
Term
pitch of sound
Definition
depend on tension of vocal cords
Term
pleura
Definition
mesentery surrounding lungs
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