Term
| functions of the respiratory system |
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Definition
•Oxygen–carbon dioxide exchange
•Regulation of acid–base balance
•Body temperature regulation
•Voice production |
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Term
| work of the respiratory system, 4 parts |
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Definition
1.Ventilation—movement of air into and out of the lungs. The inspiratory portion of ventilation is usually an active process, whereas expiration is usually a passive process. Forced inspiration may be associated with upper airway obstruction, and active expiration may be related to intrathoracic airway obstruction.
2.Distribution—distributing of inspired gases throughout the lungs.
3.Diffusion—movement of gases across the alveolar membrane.
4.Perfusion—supply of blood to the alveoli. The ratio of perfusion to ventilation of the alveoli is normally close to 1 : 1. |
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Term
| protective mechanisms of respiratory system |
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Definition
•Nasal cavity: The turbinates of the nasal cavity provide a large surface area for warming and humidifying inspired air. Hair in the nasal
passages also may help to filter out larger particulate matter.
•Protective reflexes: The cough, the sneeze, and perhaps the reverse sneeze respond to stimulation of receptors on the surfaces of air passageways to forcefully expel foreign material. Laryngospasm and bronchospasm also help to prevent introduction of materials into the lung tissue.
•Mucociliary clearance |
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Term
| goals if respiratory therapy |
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Definition
Control of secretions
2.Control of reflexes
3.Maintaining normal airflow to the alveoli |
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Term
| bronchodilator categories |
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Definition
| cholinergic blockers, the antihistamines, the beta2 adrenergics, and the methylxanthines. |
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Term
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Definition
atropine, aminopentamide (Centrine), and glycopyrrolate (Robinul-V) have limited use in treating bronchoconstriction, except in cases of organophosphate or carbamate toxicity.
Ipratropium bromide horse copd |
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Term
| The conversion of a liquid into a fine mist or colloidal suspension in air. |
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Definition
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Term
| A drug that inhibits or suppresses the cough reflex. |
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Definition
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Term
| Narrowing of the bronchi and bronchioles, which results in increased airway resistance and decreased airflow. |
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Definition
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Term
| Widening lumen of bronchi and bronchioles, which results from relaxation of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles. Airway resistance is decreased, and airflow is increased. |
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Definition
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Term
| A substance that reduces the swelling of mucous membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| drug that enhances the expulsion of secretions from the respiratory tract. |
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Definition
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Term
| Addition of moisture to the air. |
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Definition
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Term
| Class of antibody produced on mucous membrane surfaces, such as those of the respiratory tract. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Having the ability to break down mucus. |
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Definition
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Term
| The process of converting liquid medications into a spray that can be carried into the respiratory system by inhaled air. |
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Definition
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Term
| A cough that does not result in coughing up of mucus, secretions, or debris (a dry cough). |
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Definition
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Term
| A cough that results in coughing up of mucus, secretions, or debris. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aspiration reflex—short periods of noisy inspiratory effort in dogs. |
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Definition
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Term
| mixture of phospholipids secreted by type II alveolar cells that reduce surface tension in pulmonary fluids. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| produce bronchodilation by combining with acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle (muscles in the stomach, uterus, eye, or bladder), blocking their contractions. |
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Definition
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Term
| work by inhibiting an enzyme called phosphodiesterase. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| aminophylline and theophylline |
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