Term
| What are classified as Anura? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are classified as Caudata? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the life cycle of anurans? |
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Definition
Egg
Larva with gills
Larva with limb buds
Metamorph
Adult |
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Term
| How do terrestrial amphibians breathe? |
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Definition
| Air sac lungs use intercostals and limb movement to breathe. |
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Term
| How do you anesthetize an amphibians? |
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Definition
| MS-222 mixed in KY, rubbed on skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do Amphibians excrete ammonia? |
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Definition
| Through gills, skin, or primitive kidneys (as urea) |
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Term
| What kind of lighting do amphibians need? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Completely dependent on the environment for temperature |
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Term
| What happens to amphibians kept too hot? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to reptiles that are kept too cold? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes Red Leg, and what are the clinical signs? |
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Definition
Aeromonas bacteria
CS: Lesions and sores on skin |
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Term
| Visual appearance of Saprolegnias |
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Definition
| White cotton-like growths that look fuzzy and feel slimy |
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Term
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Definition
| Yellow, velvety color that gives the skin a greenish hue |
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Term
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Definition
| Rough, irregular lesions caused by various fungi |
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Term
| How do you prep an amphibians blood sample? |
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Definition
| Add a drop of 22% bovine albumin before smearing |
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Term
Where can you draw blood from an amphibian
? |
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Definition
Ventral abdominal vein
Ventral coccygeal vein
Lingual plexus |
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Term
| Considerations for choosing a reptile pet |
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Definition
Longevity
Diet
Enclosure requirements
Temperature ret.
Humidity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Translucent scale over the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| Cranky, anorectic, inactive, opaque |
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Term
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Definition
| Carapace, plastron, scutes |
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Term
| How many scutes are on the carapace? Plastron? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do chelonian respire? |
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Definition
| Pumping motions with the limbs |
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Term
| How do aquatic species do oxygen exchange? |
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Definition
| Through oral and cloacal mucosa |
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Term
| Possible indications that a chelonian is male |
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Definition
Longer, larger tail
Concave plastron
Longer front claws (aquatic) |
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Term
| How do terrestrial chelonians excrete ammonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do aquatic chelonian excrete ammonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you do for a chelonian with a penile prolapse? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Place in shallow water
Grasp head behind the mandibles
Beware of hinges and beaks |
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Term
| Which lizards are venomous? |
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Definition
Gila monster
Mexican beaded lizard |
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Term
| Which species are classified as Squamata? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Unique scale on the iguana |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of pupil do nocturnal lizards have? Diurnal? |
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Definition
Nocturnal: Vertical
Diurnal: Round |
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Term
| How many chambers does a lizard's heart have? Why? |
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Definition
| 3 (allows mixing of O2 and CO2 blood for lower metabolic state |
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Term
| What are the femoral pores for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only new world snake species? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do pythons originate? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the snake, which lung is actually useful? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do snakes excrete urea? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sensory organ is unique to boas, pythons, and vipers? What does it do? |
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Definition
Pit organs by mouth
Senses infrared |
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Term
| What does the Harderian gland do? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Expanding ribs with intercostal muscles to force air into the lungs |
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Term
| What is the cardiac shunt? |
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Definition
| Blood bypasses lungs to hold breath |
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Term
| What do snakes use spurs for? |
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Definition
| To keep stuff lined up during mating |
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Term
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Definition
| Female forms an egg, which is kept inside the body until it hatches and is birthed |
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Term
| What percentage of snakes are oviparous? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important part of snake restraint? |
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Definition
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Term
| Physical exam stats for reptiles |
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Definition
Weight
Eyes/nares
Tympanic membrane
Auscult heart, resp. if possible |
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Term
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Definition
| Absorbing or shedding teeth |
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Term
| What stimulates a reptile to breathe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Venipuncture sites for an iguana |
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Definition
Jugular
Tail vein
Axillary plexus |
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Term
| Venipuncure sites for turtles |
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Definition
Jugular
Subcarapacial sinus |
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Term
| Venipuncture sites for snakes |
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Definition
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Term
| What fluids make up "Reptile Ringers"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do you give fluids to a turtle? |
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Definition
| Intracoelomic (Ice) into prefemoral fossa |
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Term
| Best way to rehydrate a reptile |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should you take a skyline view rad of a turtle? |
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Definition
| Check for lung fractures after HBC |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Methods of collecting a fecal sample from a reptile |
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Definition
Warm water bath
Colonic wash |
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Term
| What do you look for in a direct fecal smear from a reptile? |
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Definition
| Amoebas, protozoa, flagellates |
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Term
| Types of heating elements for tank setup |
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Definition
Basking lamp
Under-tank heater
Hot rock (not recommended) |
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Term
| How many thermometers do you need in a herp tank? |
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Definition
| Two- one on the warm side, the other on the cool side |
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Term
| Why is temperature control important? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do reptiles need UV lighting? |
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Definition
| UVB activates vitamin D3, which aids in calcium absorption |
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Term
| How frequently do full spectrum lights need to be replaced? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you measure minimum tank size for snakes? |
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Definition
| Circumference of tank > length of snake |
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Term
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Definition
| Preferred optimum temperature zone |
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Term
| What temperature range do chelonians require? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general range of appropriate humidity? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you maintain humidity in the tank? |
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Definition
| Sponge, sphagnum moss, misting |
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Term
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Definition
| Cage carpet, astroturf, newspaper |
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Term
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Definition
| Sand, gravel, calcisand, shavings |
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Term
| Problem with sand substrates |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to frozen prey over time? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why shouldn't you feed only pinkies? |
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Definition
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Term
| How often to feed juveniles? |
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Definition
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Term
| How to ensure insectivores get a balanced diet? |
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Definition
| Gut load, dust, give whole prey |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation and clarification of fatty tissue caused by Vita E deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
Bilateral mandible swelling
Muscle looks plump, fibrous
Spondylosis |
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Term
| Cause, definition of gout |
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Definition
Cause: Dehydration, malnutrition
Define: Excess urates not being removed |
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Term
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Definition
| Too much fat and protein, not enough humidity |
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Term
| What does SCUD stand for, what causes it? |
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Definition
Septicemic cutaneous ulcerative disease
Caused by overgrown of G- bacteria |
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Term
| Signs of Vit A deficiency |
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Definition
| Nasal discharge, blepharitis |
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Term
| What is vesicular dermatitis? |
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Definition
| Blisters full of bacteria, cause septicemia |
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Term
|
Definition
Kalicephalus (hooks)
Trepanosomes |
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Term
| What causes "stargazing"? |
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Definition
| Inclusion body disease (IBD) |
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Term
| What does paramyxovirus cause? |
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Definition
| Respiratory disease with a poor prognosis |
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Term
| How to test for cryptosporidia |
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Definition
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Term
| What does cryptosporidia cause? |
|
Definition
Regurgitation
Weight loss
Inability to absorb nutrients |
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Term
| How do you test for salmonella? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you cure a salmonella infection in a reptile? |
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of imminent hibernation |
|
Definition
Declining appetite
Declining activity
Burrowing
Hiding |
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Term
| Effects hibernation has on the body |
|
Definition
Life expectancy
Hormonal activity
Repro hormone stimulation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| How to properly hibernate |
|
Definition
Humidity/ventilation
Dark, cool environment
Pull food 10 days prior
Soak 2-3x a week
Temp 50-55F for 3-4 months |
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Term
| Should you hibernate your snake? |
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Definition
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