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Reproductive Clinical Terms
Clinical Terms
61
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/10/2010

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Term
Amenorrhea
Definition
absence of menstrual flow
Term
AIDS
Definition
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: caused by HIV, individual's immune system is attacked by the virus
Term
Biopsy
Definition
study of tissue3 removed from a mass, usually to determine if cancerous or not.
Term
Castration
Definition
removal or destruction of the testes or ovaries
Term
Cervical Dysplasia
Definition
presence of abnormal cells in the cervix; can be a precursory to cervical cancer
Term
Chlamydia
Definition
bacterial STD that causes painful urination and intercourse, and discharge from penis of vagina
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
Term
conigation
Definition
surgical removal of a cone of tissue from the cervix for examination
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
one or both testicles have not de3scended into the scrotum
Term
D and C dilation and curettage
Definition
surgery where cervix is dilated and the endometrium is scraped away
Term
Dysmenorrhea
Definition
painful menstruation (cramps)
Term
Endometriosis
Definition
condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining occurs with the pelvic cavity
Term
Endometritis
Definition
inflammation of the uterine lining
Term
Epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the epididymus
Term
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
Definition
nodules from in the breasts, but lumps are benign
Term
Fibroid
Definition
noncancerous, connective tissue growth found commonly in the uterus
Term
genital herpes
Definition
STD caused by Herpes virus 2, genital sores and fever occur sporadically; vesicles are painful, heal in about ten days, but the virus continues to live
Term
Genital Warts
Definition
STD caused by the Human Papilloma Virus; in males- warts on the genitals; females- may lead to cervical cancer
Term
Gonorrhea
Definition
bacterial STD that leads to yellow discharge, painful urination, abdominal pain, in women, can be osymtopematic
Term
HIV
Definition
Human Immune Deficiency Virus, causes AIDs
Term
HRT
Definition
hormone replacement therapy- females are given hormones to control problems associated with menopause and perimenopause
Term
hydrocele
Definition
accumulation of fluid is a sac like cavity, usually around the testis
Term
Hysterectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the uterus
Term
Impotence
Definition
Inability to achieve or maintain an erection
Term
Lumpectomy
Definition
removal of a cancerous lump in the breast and surrounding tissue
Term
mammogram
Definition
x-ray of the breast used to check for lumps and abnormalities. Can detect tumors long before they can be felt.
Term
mastitis
Definition
inflammation of a mammary gland
Term
menarche
Definition
the first menstrual period (average age in U.S. is 12.8 years)
Term
Menopause
Definition
cessation of periods, somewhere between ages of 35-58, usually.
Term
Mittelschmery
Definition
abdominal pain that occurs at time of ovulation, midway between periods
Term
Modified Radical Mastectomy
Definition
removal of a breast and surrounding lymph nodes.
Term
Nocturnal Emission
Definition
spontaneous emission and ejaculation that occurs during sleep, usually during adolescence.
Term
Oligomenorrhea
Definition
decrease menstrual flow
Term
Oophorectomy
Definition
surgical removal of an ovary
Term
Oophoritis
Definition
inflammation of an ovary
Term
Orchiectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a testis
Term
Orchitis
Definition
inflammation of a testis
Term
Ovarian Cancer
Definition
growth of abnormal, invasive cells in the ovary: often goes undetected until it has spread, or metastasized to other areas of the body.
Term
Pap smear
Definition
medical test used to detect cervical cancer, tissue from the cervix is smeared on a slide, and sent to a lab for analysis
Term
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Definition
condition in which bacteria enter the vagina and spread through the reproductive organs; fever, pain chills, sever cramps; usually hospitalization and IV antibiotics needed
Term
Perimenopause
Definition
phase prior to menopause in which the menstrual cycles become irregular and individual suffers from night sweats, mood swings, and all of the lovely symptoms associated with fluctuation of hormone levels
Term
Perineum
Definition
region between the vulva and the anus in a female, and the scrotum and anus in a male; often surgically cut during delivery of a baby so that it will not tear.
Term
PMS
Definition
premenstrual syndrome; bloating, anxiety, irritability, fatigue, appetite changes, etc. that occur in the time leading u to the menstrual period.
Term
Prolapse of uterus
Definition
downward displacement of the uterus and sometimes the cervix protrude3s from the vaginal orifice
Term
Prostate Cancer
Definition
growth of abnormal, invasive cells in the prostate
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
surgical removal of all or part of the prostate
Term
prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate
Term
PSA
Definition
prostate specific antigen, protein found on prostate cells, elevated PSA levels can
Term
Radical mastectomy
Definition
removal of a breast, lymph nodes, and muscles in the area; rarely performed anymore
Term
Salpingectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a fallopian tube
Term
SERMs
Definition
selective estrogen receptor modulators; breast cancer drugs used for cancers that have estrogen receptors
Term
simple mastectomy
Definition
removal of a breast
Term
STD
Definition
sexually transmitted disease; disease transmitted through sexual activity
Term
Sterilization
Definition
process of rendering an individual barren; inability to conceive
Term
syphilis
Definition
bacterial STD that leads to sores on genital or mouth, rash later, and in advances stages, damage to the heart, liver, brain, and nerves
Term
Testicular Cancer
Definition
growth of abnormal, invasive cells in the testes; often called "a young man's disease"
Term
Tubal Ligation
Definition
sterilization procedure in which the uterine tubes are cute and ligated so that sperm can not reach the egg
Term
Ultrasound
Definition
diagnostic procedure where sound waves are bounced off the affecte3d tissues, and an image is projected onto a screen due to differing densities in tissues
Term
Vaginitis
Definition
inflammation of the vaginal lining
Term
variocele
Definition
distension of the veins within the spermatic cord
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
sterilization procedure in which the vas deferens is cut, a small portion is removed, and the ends of the ducts are ligated to keep sperm from leaving the epididymis
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