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Lower limb
48
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/01/2009

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Term
What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?
Definition
The patellar ligament (quadricep)
Term
What is the correct term for your "shin bone"?
Definition
Anterior border of the tibia
Term
What is the tip of the head of the femur called?
Definition
Fovea capitis
Term
Is the fibula always lateral?
Definition
Yes, and the tibia is always medial
Term
Where at the lateral and medial condyles located?
Definition
The superior end of the tibia
Term
Where is the only articulation of the patella?
Definition
Patellar surface on the femur
Term
Where is the linea aspera located?
Definition
Posterior of femur
Term
What is plantar flexion?
Definition
Pointing toes
Term
What is dorsal flexion?
Definition
Toes toward shin
Term
What is the connective tissue that surrounds and individual fiber?
Definition
ENDOmysium
Term
What is the connective tissue that surrounds a bundle of fibers called a FASCICLE?
Definition
PERImysium
Term
What connective tissue surrounds the whole muscle belly?
Definition
EPImysium
Term
What is ABduction?
Definition
Moving laterally from midline
Term
What is ADduction?
Definition
Moving medially toward midline
Term
What is the longest muscle in the body?
Definition
Sartorius
Term
What are the anterior femoral muscles?
Definition
Sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
Term
Integumentary System
Definition
Skin
Term
epidermis
Definition
outermost layer of the skin, lacks blood vessels
Term
dermis
Definition
deep to epidermis, supplied with vessels, nerves, oil and sweat glands, hair follicles
Term
sudoriferous gland
Definition
sweat gland
Term
sebaceous glands
Definition
oil glands into hair follicles
Term
tuberosity
Definition
large, blunt or rounded process
Term
tubercle
Definition
small, blunt or rounded process
Term
spine
Definition
pointed projection of the bone
Term
crest
Definition
prominent border that may be rough
Term
condyle
Definition
smooth structure, either concave or convex, joined directly to the long shaft of the bone
Term
Where is the highest point of the iliac crest located?
Definition
L4
Term
What side are ankle sprains more common on and why?
Definition
Lateral, foot is inverted with weight on ankle
Term
What are the 7 tarsal bones?
Definition
Talus, Calcaenus, Navicular, Cuboid, Cuneiforms (3)
Term
Striated muscle
Definition
"striped muscle" with thick myosin and thin actin (proteins)
Term
What is the longest tendon in the body?
Definition
Calcaneal tendon (Achille's Tendon)
Term
Where is the superior gluteal nerve located?
Definition
Emerges superior from the piriformis muscle
Term
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Definition
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae (all m.)
Term
Where is the inferior gluteal nerve and what does it innervate?
Definition
Emerges below piriformis, gluteus maximus
Term
Where is the femoral nerve?
Definition
Passes through psoas major and descends between it and iliacus (m.) As it enters the thigh, passes under inguinal ligament
Term
What does the femoral nerve innervate?
Definition
iliacus and anterior femoral muscles
Term
Where is the obturator nerve and what does it innervate?
Definition
Passes through obturator foramen to enter medial thigh, innervates medial thigh muscles
Term
Where is the sciatic nerve and what does it innervate?
Definition
The sciatic nerve is located on the posterior femur and it innervates the posterior femoral muscles
Term
Common fibular (peroneal) nerve
Definition
lateral division of sciatic nerve, innervates short head of biceps femoris
Term
Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve
Definition
Medial branch of sciatic nerve, passes through anterior leg where it innervates anterior muscles and passes through dorsum of foot
Term
Which is more superficial: the semimembranousus or semitendinosus hamstring?
Definition
semitendinosus
Term
What are the muscles of the posterior thigh?
Definition
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus hamstrings, biceps femoris
Term
How do the posterior thigh muscles function?
Definition
Extensors of the hip joint, flexors of the knee joint
Term
What are the muscles of the medial thigh?
Definition
Pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis and the obturator externus
Term
Do muscles of the medial thigh run deep or superficial to muscles of the anterior thigh?
Definition
Deep
Term
Which adductor of the medial thigh crosses over the medial knee and inserts on the medial tibia?
Definition
Gracilis
Term
Which adductor goes through the obturator foramen?
Definition
Obturator externus
Term
Which adductor muscle of the medial thigh is the most superficial?
Definition
Pectineus
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