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Radiculopathies, Plexopathies, and Neuropathies
Neuro Assessment 8
70
Anatomy
Graduate
10/25/2011

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Cards

Term
dermatome
Definition
the sensory domain of a nerve root
Term
myotome
Definition
the muscle domain of the nerve root
Term
What are the 2 most common causes of radiculopathies?
Definition
Disk herniation and Degeneration
Term
What are the most common locations for Disk herniations?
Definition
C7, C6
Term
What is the most frequent site for spondylosis?
Definition
C5 and C6
Term
Whats the most common spot for an HNP of the lumbosacral area?
Definition
L5 or S1
Term
What direction do disks tend to herniate? Why?
Definition
Posterior Lateral Direction
Because the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament is more narrow then the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Term
Where do C5 and C6 MSNs tend to rupture?
Definition
at the transverse process where they are tethered
Term
Where do C8 and T1 nerve roots rupture?
Definition
Avulsion Injury directly from spinal cord, because roots are not tethered
Causes greater injury to spinal cord
Term
What nerve root does an L4/L5 Disk herniation affect?
Definition
L5
Term
What nerve root does an L5/S1 disk herniation affect?
Definition
S1
Term
When can multiple nerve roots be affected by a herniation?
Definition
Central Herniation
Term
Where does the spinal cord end?
Definition
L1 and L2 vertebral bodies
Term
What is the hallmark of Radiculopathies?
Definition
Pain, often radiating
Agravated by maneuvers that stretch root
Term
What maneuver is best for upper extremity radiculopathies?
Definition
Neck Extension
Term
What is the best maneuver for the lower extremity when L5 or S1 is suspected? L4 is suspected?
Definition
-Straight Leg Raise
-Reverse Straight Leg Raise
Term
What manueuver is more specific for Lumbosacral radiculopathies?
Definition
Crossed-SLR
Term
What method can be used to identify disorder os the vertebra?
Definition
Spinal column percussion
Term
What does nerve fiber disruption produces?
Definition
Negative symptoms;
weakness, atrophy, loss of sensation
Term
What does nerve root irritation tend to produce?
Definition
positive symptoms;
tingling
Term
In a patient who presents with a ulnar neuropathy, what muscles can be checked to rule this out?
Definition
Extensor Incicis Proprius
Flexor Pollicis Longus
*if can not extend their thumb or index finger less likely ulnar neuropathy and more likely a C8 radiculopathy*
Term
What are pertinent Positives for Neoplasms?
Definition
Pain at Rest
Pain that causes writhing
Term
What are pertinent positives for infection?
Definition
Pain at rest
Fever
Term
I am not making cards for anal wink
Definition
gross
Term
What is the most helpful study for assessing nerve fiber function?
Definition
EDX testing
Term
What type of treatment is used for acute radiculopathies?
Definition
Conservative Treatment
-Bed rest
-Physical therapy
-Medications- NSAIDs, prednisone, benzo
-Nerve block
Term
When is surgical Treatment necessary for radiculopathies?
Definition
Spinal Instability
Severe or pregressive weakness
Spinal cord compression
Cauda equina syndrome
Sphincter or sexual dysfunction
Incapacitatiyng neurogenic claudication
Intractable Pain
Term
What is the muscle domain of the upper trunk?
Definition
(C5+C6) - (dorsal scapular and long thoracic nerve)
Term
Where do the sensory nerve fibers of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve originate from?
Definition
C6
Term
If a patient presents with Tingling or numbness of the lateral forearm, what are 5 possible locations of a lesion?
Definition
Lateral Antebrachial cutaneous nerve
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Lateral Cord
Upper Trunk
C6 Root
Term
Where do sensory nerve fibers of the median nerve that innervate the thumb derive from?
Definition
C6 DRG
Term
Where could a lesion be in a patient with sensory loss on the volar thumb?
Definition
Median Nerve Branch
Median Nerve
Lateral Cord
Upper Trunk
C6 nerve root
Term
Where are the sensory nerve fibers of the superficial radial nerve derive?
Definition
C6 and C7 DRG
Term
Where do the sensory nerve fibers of the median nerve that innervate the second digit derive from?
Definition
C7
Term
What nerve root does most of the sensory fibers to the third digit derive from?
Definition
C7
Term
What nerve root do the sensory nerve fibers to the ulnar nerve derive from?
Definition
C8
Term
Where do the sensory nerve fibers of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve derive from?
Definition
T1
Term
What nerve root provides sensory info to the pinky?
Definition
C8
Term
What nerve root supplies sensory fibers to the middle finger?
Definition
C7
Term
What nerve root provides sensory fibers to the thumb?
Definition
C6
Term
What nerve root provides sensory fibers to the medial aspect of the forearm?
Definition
T1
Term
What nerve root provides sensory fibers to the Lateral forearm?
Definition
C6
Term
What are most stocking glove neuropathies due to?
Definition
toxic metabolic
1. diabetes
2. ethanol abuse
Term
What is a stocking-glove distribution?
Definition
Axon Loss
Sensory earlier and more profoundly than motor
Term
What is caused by acquired demyelinating neuropathies?
Definition
acute to subacute-onset generalized weakness with stocking-glove sensory abnormalities
Term
A generalized distal weakness greater then sensory loss is related to what?
Definition
hereditary dysmyelination
Term
What type of disease produces an enlarged motor unit recording?
Definition
Neuropathies
Term
What type of disease produces a decreased moto unit action potential recording?
Definition
myopathy
Term
What nerve root contains sensory fibers to the great toe and medial aspect of foot?
Definition
L5
Term
What Nerve root contains sensory fibers for the little toe and lateral aspect of the foot?
Definition
S1
Term
What nerve contains the motor fibers that innervate the long flexor muscles of the 4th and 5th digits? What root do these come from?
Definition
Ulnar nerve
C8 motor nerve fibers
Term
If a patient is unable to flex the tip of his thumb or his 4th and 5th digit where would a lesion have to be?
Definition
Medial Cord or proximally along C8 motor nerve fibers
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is weakness in the Deltoid, Infraspinatus, and bicep?
Definition
C5
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is sensory loss in the shoulder and upper lateral arm?
Definition
C5
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is weakness in extending the wrist?
Definition
C6
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is weakness in the triceps and sensory loss in the 3rd finger?
Definition
C7
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is a decrease reflex of the patellar tendon?
Definition
L4
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is weakness in the foot dorsiflexion, eversion,and inversion?
Definition
L5
Term
What nerve root is effected if there is decreased reflex in the achilles tendon?
Definition
S1
Term
What nerve provides motor function for all extension of the arm, wrist,and fingers below the shoulder?
Definition
Radial Nerve
(C6 and C7)
Term
What Nerve provides motor function for flexion and opposition of the thumb, flexion of digits 2 and 3, and forearm prontation?
Definition
Median Nerve
Term
What nerve provides motor function for adduction and abduction of the fingers?
Definition
Ulnar nerve
Term
What nerve provides motor function for abduction of the arm beyond 15 degrees?
Definition
Axillary nerve
(C5)
Term
What nerve provides motor function for flexion of the elbow and supination of the forearm?
Definition
Musculocutaneous Nerve
(C5 and C6)
Term
What nerve provides motor function for Flexion at the Hip and Extension at the Knee?
Definition
Femoral Nerve
(L4)
Term
What nerve provides motor function for Adducting the thigh?
Definition
Obturator Nerve
Term
What nerves provide motor function for flexion of the knee?
Definition
Sciatic Nerve
Tibial Nerve
Peroneal Nerve
Term
What nerve provides motor function for Foot plantar flexion and inversion, and toe flexion?
Definition
Tibial nerve
(S1)
Term
What nerve everts the foot?
Definition
Superficial peroneal nerve
Term
What nerve dorsiflexes the foot and extends the toe?
Definition
Deep peroneal nerve
(L5)
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