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RACHELLE's history ch 24
i didnt wanna make a new one kangda :) miss you
17
History
11th Grade
01/21/2007

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Term
james j hill
Definition
Creater of"the Great Northern" which ran from Duluth to Seattle....canadian american....ran agricultural demonstration trains through the "hill Country" and imported from England
Term
Stock watering
Definition
originally referring to cows...but railroad stock promoters grossly inflated their claims to sell the stocks and bonds at a higher price than they should be
Term
vertical integration
Definition
combining into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing....the goal was to improve efficiency by making supplies more reliable.
Term
trust
Definition
A fiduciary relationship in which one person, known as a "trustee", holds title to property or assets for the benefit of another person, the beneficiary.
Term
Horizontal integration
Definition
llying with competitors to monopolize a given market. This tactic of creating trusts was used by Rockefeller.
Term
yellow-dog contracts
Definition
contracts that corperations made their workers sign saying that the workers would not join a labor union.
Term
the gospel of wealth
Definition
The wealthy proclaimed that they were justified by God to have so much wealth. They claimed that God gave them their money or they were a product of natural selection.
Term
pool
Definition
agreements to divide the business in a given area and share the profits, were the earliest form of combinations
Term
John D. Rockefeller,
Definition
organized the Standard Oil Company of Ohio in 1870, attempting to eliminate the middlemen and knock out his competitors. By 1877, he controlled 95% of all the oil refineries in the nation.....

Rockefeller grew to such a great power by eliminating his competitors.
Term
J. P. Morgan'
Definition
financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks....bouthg carnagie and expanded his industrial empire and created the United States Steel Corporation in 1901. It was America's first billion-dollar corporation
Term
injunction
Definition
an order...forced the strikers to crase striking, and if they did then the could bring in federal troops
Term
Bessemer process
Definition
allowed for the price of steel to drop dramatically and for its production to be done with relative ease. The process involved blowing cold air on red-hot iron in order to ignite the carbon and eliminate impurities.
Term
Samuel Gompers
Definition
founded the American Federation of Labor in 1886... It sought for better wages, hours, and working conditions. The federation's main weapons were the walkout and the boycott.
Term
Terence V. Powderly
Definition
led the Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor in 1869 as a secret society It sought to include all workers in one big union
Term
interlocking directorate
Definition
consolidate rival enterprises and to ensure future harmony by placing officers ofhis own banking company on their various boards of directors
Term
Grange
Definition
agrarian group...patrons of the husbandry....influenced midwestern legislatures to regulate the railroad monopoly
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
the steel king, used Vertical Integration to controll all aspects of production from mining to marketing....was bought by morgan for 400 million..produced 1/4 the nations steel
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