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Quiz #3
Chapter 3: Physical Growth Changes
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/15/2012

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Term
physical anthropology
Definition
provide information and scientific procedures related to the study of biological growth and development. Concerned with the meaningful understanding of nature, distribution, and significance of biological variation on humans
Term
anthropometry
Definition
the branch of science concerned with biological growth and body measurement
Term
growth curve
Definition
the pattern of physical changes in individuals or groups
Term
distance curve
Definition
used to plot growth from one year to the next
Term
velocity curve
Definition
better reflects the individuals growth state at any particular moment than it does the distance or change in growth achieved in preceding years
Term
conception
Definition
when a single male sperm unites with the egg in the female's fallopian tubes
Term
germinal period
Definition
last for approximately 14 days after conception, cell differentiation begins inner and outer mass formed
Term
Embryonic period
Definition

2-8 weeks 

human for takes shape, internal organs begin to develop, CNS developed

Term
fetal period
Definition

8 weeks - birth

baby grows and develops

Term
28 weeks
Definition
age of viability! able to live outside of womb
Term
ossification
Definition
flexible cartilage is replaced by bone
Term
pubescent growth spurt
Definition
occurs during early adolescence, represents the life span's most dramatic period of biological change
Term
menarche
Definition
or the time of the female's first menstrual flow
Term
growth hormone
Definition
one of the primary agents that stimulates the adolescent growth spurt
Term
gonadatropins
Definition
stimulate the production of estrogen in the ovaries and androgens (testosterone) in the testes
Term
biacromial breadth
Definition
shoulder width
Term
bicristal breadth
Definition
hip width
Term
somatotype
Definition
body build components
Term
endomorphy
Definition
describes a body type that is soft and round in contour
Term
mesomorphy
Definition
describes a body with well defined muscularity and balanced body proportions
Term
ectomorphy
Definition
describes the leanest of the body types, with characteristics typically associated with an extremely thin individual
Term
modeling resorption
Definition
the mechanism for maintaing the linear form of the bone
Term
osteoperosis
Definition
loss of total bone mass to such an extent that the skeleton is unable to maintain its mechanical integrity
Term
body mass
Definition
body weight and body composition are terms frequently used to describe an individuals body mass
Term
type I muscle fibers
Definition
slow twitch fibers
Term
type II muscle fibers
Definition
fast twitch fibers
Term
secular trend
Definition
observations such as "todays population is taller and heavier and matures earlier than generations past"
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