Term
|
Definition
| 1599-1658 Dissbanned Parliament Re-organized parliamentary army. not an effective ruler |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Declaration of Indulgence |
|
Definition
Charles II- 1672- suspended all laws agianst Roman Catholics and non-anglican protestants
James II- 1687- suspended all religious tests and permitted free worship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The peaceful replacement of James II by William and Mary in 1688.
Marked the beginning of constitutional monarchy in Europe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1602-1661
direct royal administration on France |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
officers ellected for ability instead of birth right
had high degree of discipline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1505-1642
Eliminate Huegonauts
Reduce Power of nobles
Bind France together with vision of La Grande Nation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Built by Louis XIV
1/3 mi in length |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protestants outside the church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1685-1688
Left when William and Mary arrived "Glorious Revolution" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limited the powers of the monarchy and guarenteed the civil liberties of the English privileged classes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Louis XIV- Sun King
Took throne at 14, good looking and tall.
1665- forbid parliament meetings
Letat e'est moi- I am the state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strong centralized continental monarchies that attempted to make royal power dominate over other regional authorities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a series of rebellions agianst royal authority in France between 1649-1652 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1640-1660 (20 yrs) Executed Charles I, had no one to dismiss them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Government in which power is distributed and limited by a system of laws that must be obeyed by the rulers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composition which there is a set melody which other instruments imitate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Outstanding composer and organist in the Baroque period. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
King of Prussia, loved music and the enlightenment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
creates sound by plucking chord, instead of striking it like the piano. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means Loud-soft, early version of piano. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a social class of upper or merchant class |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economic theory that the success of a nation depends on its supply of capital and trade. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economists who believed the wealth of a nation depended on value of land, agriculture and land development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economic system in which means of production are all or mostly privately owned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, written by Adam Smith. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosopher who wrote "wealth of nations" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nicolaus Copernicus was first astronomer to argue that Earth was not center of universe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, played a major role in the scientific revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disagreed with Galileo's theories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| famous astronomer, created planetary hypothesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed to rival the Society of Artists after dispute between the leaders. Created by Chambers and King George III. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| book about mathematical truths. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one who believes in Deism- a religious philosophy and movement that derives the existence and nature of God from reason and experience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English philosopher who created tabula rasa. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| english philosopher whose book Leviathan established foundation for most western political philosophy. |
|
|
Term
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen |
|
Definition
| Fundamental document of the French Revolution. Defining set of individual rights and collective rights. First step towards writing a constitution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a prison in Paris, the storming of Bastille in July of 1789 considered begining of French Revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
was general during the french revolution. Later became Emperor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Foreign policy of Napoleon I of France. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| British Admiral famous for his part in the Napoleonic Wars, mostly the Battle of Trafalgar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French civil code, established under Napoleon I. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An artistic, literary and intellectual movement that gained strength during the Industrial Revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
English romantic poet, who helped launch the Romantic Age. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Poet and philosopher who along with friend William Wordsworth, launched Romantic Era. |
|
|
Term
| George Gordon, Lord Byron |
|
Definition
English Poet, Leading figure in the Romanticism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the major english romantic poets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the main poets in the English Romantic movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English Romantic Landscape painter whose style can be said to have laid the foundation for impressionism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German composer and pianist. Important figure in the transitional period between the classical and romantic eras. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| influential composer of the classical era. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
refers to the movement that holds that a nation has the right to constitute an independent or autonomous political community based on a shared history and common destiny. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| musical work where one solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conference between ambassadors from the major powers in Europe. The purpose to settle issues and redraw the continent's political map after the defeat of Napoleonic France. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as the "congress system" was result of custom following the era of Napoleon. Idea was to hold a conference in order to plan a solution by mutual agreement whenever some problem arose that threatened peace between European nations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
German-Austrian politician, one of the most important diplomats of his era. Major figure in negotiations leading to and at the Congress of Vienna. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French diplomat, known as Prince of Diplomats. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of socialism and the cooperative movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement for political and social reform in the UK during the mid 19th century. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| social movement of British textile artisans who protested agianst the industrial revolution, which they felt threatened their livelihood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result of a cavalry charge into the crowd at a public meeting in Manchester England. Eleven were killed and 500 were injured. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prohibited trade unions and collective bargaining by British workers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| import tariffs designed to support domestic British corn prices agianst competition from less expensive foreign grain imports. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English demographer and political economist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German Philosopher, one of the representatives of German idealism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broad array of ideologies and political movements with the goal of a socio-economic system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| King of France, member of the house of Bourbon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French utopian socialist thinker. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French utopian socialist and philosopher. Credited by modern scholars with having originated the word feminism. He argued for womens rights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French politician and historian. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dominant figure in French politics prior to the Revolution of 1848, actively opposing King Charles X (before he was overthrown) Later He became Prime Minister of France. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Philosopher and Politician. Helped define the modern European movement for popular democracy in a republican state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First president of the French Republic. Also the last monarch of France. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1853-1856, fought between Russia, and on the other side, France, UK, Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire. First Modern war and introduced technical changes that would affect the future course of warfare. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "King of Italy"- First King of a United Italy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Served as the 2nd Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government, before Lenin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the last tsar of Russia, commanded army in WWI, His rule ended with the Russian Revolution of 1917. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Feb. 1904-Sept. 1905 started as a conflict that grew out of the rival between the Japanese and Russian empire over Manchuria and Korea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Commander of the Red Army, and peoples commissar of War. Led the failed Left Opposition agianst Joseph Stalin. Later expelled from communist party and deported from the soviet union. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Main leader of the October Revolution. First leader of the Soviet Union. Created Leninism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| representative assemblies in russia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A peace treaty between Russian SFSR and the Central powers, marking Russia's exit from WWI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peace Treaty that officially ended WWI between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
List in a speech delivered by President Woodrow Wilson (of the United States) Intended to set out a blueprint for lasting peace in Europe after WWI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| International Organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles. In which Germany was forced to take full responsibility for starting WWI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nickname given to the German State from 1919-1933. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prime Minister of Italy from 1922-1943(when overthrown), created facist regime. Entered WWII in 1940 on the side of Nazi Germany. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| authoritarian political ideology. Seeks to forge a type of national unity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a member of the Nazi party under Adolf Hitler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Men of SA, called this because of their brown uniforms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fascist parlimentary groups in Italy during the period immediately following WWI until the end of WWII |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the axis alliance of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, with emphasis on relationship between Mussolini and Hitler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When Hitler unsuccessfully tried to gain power in Munich, Bavaria, and Germany. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| My struggle, book written by Adolf Hitler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| denaturalization laws passed in Nazi Germany, 1935. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to Germany between 1933 and 1945, when governed by the Nazi party. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| homes of Jews were ransacked and destroyed and many jews were killed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
term used to describe mass killing of Jews, and others, in Nazi Germany. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mass genocide, to get rid of the Jews. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cyanide-based insecticide, used in gas chambers during the Holocaust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| policy of accepting the imposed conditions of an aggressor in lieu of armed resistance, usually at the sacrifice of principles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| foreign policy which combines a non-interventionalist military policy, and a political policy of protectionism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Code name for one of the principal landing points of the Allied invasion of German-occupied France. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nazi Germany's plan to invade the UK during WWII, it never happend. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| humans are born with no mental content, blank slate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Father of Modern Philosophy, and Mathematics. Key figure in scientific revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French enlightenment writer. His ideas would influence both the American and French Revolutions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Philosopher and writer, prominent figure in the enlightenment. Editor in chief of the encyclopedia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
important figure in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major figure in the history of physics he discovered theories of electricity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Principal author of the declaration of independence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of intellecutal philosophers in the enlightenment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a french satire by voltaire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosopher and composer of the enlightenment whose political ideas influenced the french revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| free market economic systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economic and social system in which the means of production are all mostly privately owned and operated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a law enacted by the government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| based on the belief that men without the vote were "virtually represented" by members of parliment who had similar votes. |
|
|
Term
| First Continental Congress |
|
Definition
| held in Philadelphia in 1774, with 55 members representing all American colonies, except Georgia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incident involving 5 civilian deaths at the hands of british troops on March 5, 1770. Sparked American Revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of resolutions passed by the Virgina General Assembly, in response to the Stamp Act of 1765. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Third british monarch in the house of hanover and the first of hanover to be born in britian and speak english as a first language. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
what the colonists called a series of acts passed by the british parliament in 1774. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anglican minister and christian theologian, who was an early leader in the Methodist movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Preacher in the Church of England and one of the leaders in the Methodist movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wrote book pilgrams progress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| founder of the Religious society of friends, commonly known as Quakers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| King of france, until being found guilty of treason then executed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chamber doors locked and guarded, so they held meetings and signed pledge on tennis courts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| started french revolution, rumors had started nobles had hired vagrants to prey on villages and protect the new harvest from peasants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| term created by the french aristocracy to describe the pooer members of the third estate, basically refered to the working class extremists of the Revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of individuals holding certain opinions and principles in common rather than an organized political party. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| someone with extreme revolutionary opinions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a period of about 10 months during the french revolution, when struggles between rival factions led to mutual radicalization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the best known leaders of the french revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian patriot and soldier of the Risorgimento. He is considered the italian national hero. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| austrian statesman who devised the diplomatic arrangements which governed Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the second military conflict die to schleswig-holstein question. War began when prussian forces crossed border. The war ended with the treaty of vienna. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conflict between france and prussia. Prussian victory brought about the final unification of the German Empire under King William I of Prussia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| achieved unification of Germany and established the German Empire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reign lasted 63 years, known as the victorian era. Reign marked by great expansion of the British Empire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Served twice as a prime minister for the United Kingdom. Some of his aggressive actions caused controversy at the time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| served twice as prime minister, the only person of Jewish parentage to ever do so. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| famous for his intense rivalry with Benjamin Disraeli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. Referred to as the father of communism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developed communist theory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provided scientific evidence that all species of life have evolved over time from one or a few common ancestors through the process of natural selection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy of charles darwin's theory of evolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process by which favorable traits become more common than unfavorable traits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| idea that charles darwins theory can be extended and applied to the social domain. i.e. Survival of the fittest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teacher of utilitarianism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| title given to members of the womens sufferage movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General term for the suffrage movement, whether radical or conservative, male or female. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of the founders of the British suffragette movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French chemist best known for his remarkable breakthroughs in microbiology. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
English surgeon who promoted the idea of sterile surgery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pioneer in the field of radioactivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alliance formed in 1907 among the United Kingdom of Great Britian and Ireland, the French Third Republic, and the Russian Empire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alliance among the emperors of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Lasted from 1882 until the start of WWI in 1914. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Russian composer, considered to be the most influential of the 20th century. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ballet with music from Igor Stravinsky |
|
|
Term
| Second Industrial Revolution |
|
Definition
| rise of industrial powers in Germany, France and the USA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Archduke of Austria. His assasination precipitated the Austrian declaration of war. This caused countries allied with Austria-Hungary and contries allied with Serbia, to declare war on each other starting WWI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secret society founded in Serbia, as part of the Pan-Slavism nationalist movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an all big gun battleship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an ancient Roman province including all of modern portugal and south of the Douro River. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coded telegram dispatched by the German Empire, at the height of WWI, the telegram was intended to dissuade the US from helping Britian, because Mexico could go to war with the US and they would not have resources to pursue the war in Europe as well. It was intercepted by the British and its contents hastened the entry of the US into WWI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the German Generals overall strategic plan for victory both on the western front agianst France and agianst Russia to the east. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest naval battle of WWI, and the only full scale clash of balleships in that war. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fraction of the Marxist RSDLP, which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the second party congress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| faction of the Russian Revolutionary movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the wartime meeting between the heads of government of the US, the UK, and the Soviet Union. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
meeting between the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The goals of the conference also included the established of post-war order, peace treaties issues, and countering the effects of war. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| program where the US supplied Great Britain, The soviet Union, China, and France and other allied nations with vast amounts of war material. It was stopped after the attacks on Pearl Harbor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lightning war, involves initial bombardment, followed by mobile forces attacking with speed and surprise. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Phase in the early phase of WWII, although they had declared war, neither side had launched an attack. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pleasure principle, unconsious part of the brain controlling all unknown pleasures or desires. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the mind that contains the consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acts as the conscience, our sense of morality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cultural movement that began in the early 1920's and is best known for the visual artworks and writings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skilled draftsman, best known for his strinking and bizarre images in his surrealist work. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composer, first to embrace atonal motivic development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American composer, pioneer of chance and electronic music. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American painter, major force in Abstract expressionist movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major German Fiction writer. |
|
|
