Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Quiz 3 Sec 1
Chapter 19 Blood vessels
51
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/10/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the three major types of vessels?
Definition
Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins
Term
What do arteries do?
Definition
Carry blood away from the heart
Term
What do veins do?
Definition
Carry blood toward the heart
Term
What do Capillaries do?
Definition
Contact tissue cells and directly serve cellular needs
Term
What are arteries and veins composed of?
Definition
Three tunics-interna, media, externa-
Lumen
Capillaries
Term
What are lumen
Definition
Central blood containing space surrounded by tunics
Term
What are capillaries composed of?
Definition
endothelium with sparse basal lamina
Term
Tunica Interna made of? Lines?
Definition
Endothelial layer that lines the lumen of all vessels
Term
Tunica interna in large vessels has an extra layer of ________ tissue called
Definition
connective tissue called subendothelial
Term
Tunica media is made up of?
Regulated by? Controls
Definition
Smooth muscle and elastic fiber that regulate by sympathetic nervous system
Controls vasoconstriction/vasodialation
Term

Tunica externa... Another name for it. Made of? Function?

Large vessels contain vaso vasorum

Definition

Tunica Adventititia

Made of collagen fibers that protect and reinforce vessels

 

Term
Larger vessels of tunica externa contain vas ________
Definition
vasorum
Term
Vaso vasorum are lit.
Definition
Vessels of vessels... nourish external tissues of blood vessel walls.
Term
Venous Anastomosis
Definition
The joining together of two blood vessels or other tubular structures to furnish a direct or indirect communication between the two structures.
Term
What are 2 structural characteristics of the arteries closest to the heart?
Definition
Large Lumen
Contain elastin in all three tunics
Thick walled
Term
What does the large lumen, thick wall and elastin function in the arteries near the heart?
Definition
Large lumen allow low resistanc conduction of blood
Elastin enables the arteries to withstand and smooth out large blodo pressure fluctuations
Serve as pressure reservoirs.
Term
Muscular arteries function/location?
Definition
Deliver blood to body organs. Distal to elastic arteries
Term
Muscular arteries structural characteristics? Major function?
Definition
Thick tunica media with more smooth muscle. Active in vasoconstriction
Term
Arterioles def? Lead to?
Definition
Smallest arteries which lead to capillary beds
Term
Arterioles function?
Definition
Control flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and constriction
Term
Capillaries
Definition
Smallest blood vessels which allow only a single RBC to pass at a time.
Term
Capillaries structural characteristics
Walls consist of?
Definition
thin tunica interna (one cell thick)
Pericytes on the outer surface stabilize their walls.
Term
What are the 3 types of capillaries?
Definition
1.Continuous
2.Fenestrated
3.Sinusoids
Term
Where are contiuous capillaries found
Definition
Abundant in the skin and muscles and the brain
Term
Structural characteristics of contiuous capillaries? Endothelial cells, Adjacent cells, Intercellular clefts
Definition
Endothelial cells provide an uninterupted lining
Adjacent cells are connected with tight juctions
Intercellular clefts allow the passage fo fluids
Term
What is the basement membrane composed of?
Definition
Connective tissue
Term
What do the continous capillaries of the brain make up? What structural characteristic sets it apart?
Definition
Constitute the blood brain barrier
They have tight junctions completely around the endothelium
Term
Where are fenestrated Capillaries found?
Function?
Definition
Small intestines, Endocrine glands, Kidneys
Active capillary absorbtion or filtrate formation occurs.
Term
What does fenestrated mean. Size of fenestrations
Definition
Pourous
30 to 70 nm
Term
Fenestrated capillaries characteristics
Definition
An endothelium riddled with pores
Greater permeability than other capillaries
Term
Sinusoids
Definition
highly modified, leaky, fenestrated capillaries with LARGE lumens.
Term
Sinusoid locations?
Definition
Liver, bone marrow, lymphoid tissue other endocrine organs
Term
Sinusoid function
What speed does blood flow in sinusoids?
Definition
Allow large molecules such as proteins and blood cells to pass between the blood and surrounding tissues.
Sluggishly
Term
Capillary Beds-Define
Definition
a microcirculation of interwoven networks of capillaries consisting of vascular shunts and true capillaries.
Term
Vascular shunts
Definition
metarteriole-throughfare channel connection an arteriole directly with a postcapillary venule
Term
True Capillaries
Number per capillary bed?
Definition
10 to 100 per capilary bed, capillaries branch off the metarteriole and return to the throroughfare channel at the distal end of the bed.
Term
Precapillary sphincters function?
Composed of?
Definition
a valve that can be stimulated to contract thus halting the flow of blood to the capillary bed. Smooth muscle
Term
Blood flow from artery to vein
Definition
goes from a terminal arteriole to a postcapillary venule
Term
Precapillary Sphincter
Definition
cuff of smooth muscle that surrounds each true capillary and regulates blood flow into the capillary
Term
Precapillary sphincter blood flow regulation?
Definition
Vasomotor nerves and local chemical conditions.
Term
Venules func
Formed when?
Definition
allow fluids and WBCs to pass from the blood stream to tissues
capillary beds unite
Term
Postcapillary venules
Definition
Smallest venules composed of endothelium and a few preicytes
Term
Large venules
Contain what kind of tunica?
Definition
have one or two layers of smooth muscle (tunica media)
Term
Veins Formed when?
Definition
Formed when venules converge
Term
Veins composed of
Definition
Thin tunica media
Thick tunica externa consisting of collagen fibers and elastic netwarks
Term
Two special characteristics of veins which allow them to return blood to the heart.
Definition
1.Large diameter lumens which allow for little resistance to flow
2.Valves which prevent backflow
Term
Venous sinuses Define
2 examples
Definition
Specialized flattened veins with extremely thin walls Coronary sinus of the heart and dural sinuses of the brain
Term
Vascular anastomoses
Definition
Merging blood vessels, more common in veins than arteries.
Term
Arterial anastomoses
Definition
provide alternate pathways for blood to reach a given body region.
Term
Venous anastamosis
Example?
Definition
veins interconnect
Example dorsum of hand
Term
Venous anastamosis
Example?
Definition
veins interconnect
Example dorsum of hand
Supporting users have an ad free experience!