Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Quiz 3 Head Clinical
Clinical Corelations for head and face
33
Anatomy
Graduate
03/05/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Standard Head Radiograph Projections
Definition
Posteroanterior, lateral, Towne's view
Term
Depressed Skull Fracture
Definition
Bony Fragment is depressed below normal skull convexity; may lead to secondary arterial and venous damage with hematoma formation. A primary brain injury can also results from this injury.
Term
Compound Fracture
Definition
Fracture of Bone as well as a breach of skin. Complications inlcude meningitis. Includes fractures across the sinuses
Term
Pterion Fractures
Definition
Where the frontal, parietal,greater wing of the sphenoid and temporal bones all come together. Deep is the middle meningeal artery. May cause a significant extradural hematoma
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
Dilation of cerebral ventricular system as a result of disrupted flow of CSF. Water on the Brain.
Term
Meningitis
Definition
Infection of Leptomeninges (Arachnoid/pia matter combination). Inflamation of the meninges. Headache, fever, drowsiness, nausea.
Term
Cerebral Aneurysm
Definition
Arise from vessels in and around circle of willis. When ruptures, patient gets sudden headache with neck stiffness and vomiting. Blood in subarachnoid space.
Term
Primary Brain Injury
Definition
Primary axonal and cellular damage from shearing deceleration forces within the brain. Include intracerebral hemorage and penatrating injuries, may destroy gray or white matter.
Term
Secondary Brain Injury
Definition
Scalp laceration, fracture of cranial vault, disruption of intracerebral arteries and veins, edema and infection.
Term
Primary Brain Hemorrhage
Definition
Aneurysm rupture, hypertension, bleeding after cerebral infarction.
Term
Extradural Hemorrhage
Definition
Arterial Damage from tearing of the branches of the middle meningeal artery. Blood Collects between periosteum and calvaria and slowly expands. Doesnt pass suture lines
Term
Subdural Hematoma
Definition
Between dura matter and arachnoid matter, results from venous bleeding. Usually from torn cerebral veins where they enter superior sagital sinus.
Term
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Definition
Typically results from intracerebral aneurysm arising from a vessel supplying circle of willis.
Term
Falcine Herniation
Definition
Focal cerebelar Edema may cause one side of the brain to herniate beneath the falx cerebri
Term
Parotid Gland Tumor
Definition
Usually include pleomorphic adenoma, and adenolymphoma. Resection of tumor may damage facial nerve.
Term
Parotid Gland Stones
Definition
Typically occur within the main confluence of the ducts within main parotid duct. Usually associated with intense pain when salivating. Can be removed by incision of buccal mucosa or complete gland excision may be neccesary.
Term
Facial Nerve Palsy (Bell Palsy)
Central Lesion
Definition
Affects sensory and motor functions of facial nerve contralateraly. Lower facial weakness
Term
Facial Nerve Palsy (Bell Palsy)
Lesion at/around genticulate ganglion
Definition
Loss of motor function on whole ipsilateral side of face. Taste to anterior two thirs of tongue, lacrimation,and some salivation are likely to be affected
Term
Facial Nerve Palsy (Bell Palsy)
Lesion at/around the stylomastiod foramen
Definition
Most common abnormaility of the facial nerve usually from viral inflamation of nerve within the bony canal before exiting through the stylomastoid foramen. Ipsilateral loss of motor function of the whole side of the face.
Term
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Definition
complex sensory disorder of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve.
Term
Horner's Syndrome
Definition
Caused by a lesion of the sympathetic trunk in the neck. Characterized by three features: Pupilary constriction, partial ptosis, absence of sweating.
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
Increased intraoccular pressure because the normal cycle of aqueous humor fluid production and absorption is disturbedso the amount of fluid increases. Compression of retina.
Term
Cataracts
Definition
Lens of the eye becomes opaque leading to visual impairment.
Term
Opthalmoscopy
Definition
Direct visualization of the postrenal (vitreous) chamber through the pupil and the lens. You can easily see the the optic nerve as well as the four branches of the retinal artery and fovea.
Term
Lingual Nerve Injury
Definition
Loss of general sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, oral mucosa gingivae, the lower lip, and the chin. Salivation and taste may also be lost.
Term
Dental Anesthesia
Definition
Anesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve, a large branch of the mandibular nerve
Term
Pterion
Definition
Trauma to this area will cause damage to the anterior division of the Middle meningeal artery. causes a hematoma that puts pressure on cerebral cortex
Term
Parkinson's
Definition
Dopaminergic cells die - substantia nigra
Term
Linear Skull Fracture
Definition
Most common type, occur at point of impact
Term
Comminuted Skull Fracture
Definition
Skull Bone typically broken into several pieces
Term
Countrecoup (counterblow) Skull Fracture
Definition
No fracture at point of impact, but occurs at opposite side of cranium (resulting in basilar fracture)
Term
Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)
Definition
Injury to joint, or associated structures, ear pain, headaches and clicking while eating, yawning or any activity which requires the mouth to open.
Term
Scalp Laceration
Definition
Can result in severe bleeding depending on depth and anatomic location of severed blood vessels.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!