Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Quiz 2 Vocab
Path Lab Quiz
29
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
01/26/2015

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Definition: Atrophy
Definition
reversible cell adaptation in which there is decreased etabolism and increased catabolism
Term
Definition: Metaplasia
Definition
reversible cell adaptation in which the cell becomes a completely different cell type without any genetic change, instead reprogramming stem cells
Term
Definition: Hyperplasia
Definition
reversible cell adaptation in which there is a drastic increase in cell numbers and cells replicate more
Term
Definition: Hypertrophy
Definition
a reversible cell change in which metabolism and catabolism are increased
Term
Definition: neoplasia
Definition
irreversible cell adaptation requiring genetic change (cancer)
Term
Definition: Necrosis
Definition
-cell death in which the cell explodes
-acute cell swelling=>membrane degredation=>spills into ECF=> inflammatory response
Term
Definition: Apoptosis
Definition
-programmed cell death
-cell condenses=> cell fragments=> phagocytized without inflammatory response
Term
Definition: Differential susceptibilitiy
Definition
different cells will be killed at different rates due to their ability to adapt (ex: neurons don't adapt well)
Term
Definition: Oxygen free radical
Definition
-O2 with one unpaired e- thus these molecules will go attach to other e- on other compounds
-ex: superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidases
Term
Definition: Antioxidants
Definition
-agents the body utilizes to fight oxygen free radicals
-ex: superoxide dismutase (breaks down superoxide anions), flutatione peroxidase (breaks down hydrogen peroxide), intracellular catalase, Vit E and Vit C
Term
Definition: Pyknosis
Definition
nucleus condenses
Term
Definition: Karyorrexsis
Definition
nucleus explodes
Term
Definition: Karyolysis
Definition
nucleus fades away
Term
Definition: coagulation necrosis
Definition
-necrosis in which the affected cells or tissue are converted into dry, dull, fairly homogenous tissue as a result of coagulation of protein
-ex: kidney infarct
Term
Definition: Cell ghosts
Definition
-the remnants of the necrotic process in which structures and cell are still histologically recognizable but still dead
Term
Definition: Zonal pattern
Definition
-all lobules are affected due to toxic necrosis
Term
Definition: Liquefactive Necrosis (liquefaction)
Definition
-necrosis characterized by a fairly-well circumscribed visible lesion that contains purulent exudate
Term
Definition: Purulent exudate
Definition
-the remnants of tissue that became necrotic and was digested by proteolytic enzymes released from disentigrating neutrophils
Term
Definition: Caseous necrosis (caseation)
Definition
-cheese-like necrosis due to macrophage infiltration that incompletely digests the dead tissue (as opposed to neutrophils that more completely digests tissue to pus) the affected tissue appears dry, with crumbly consistency and dull, opaque appearance
Term
Definition: Gangrene
Definition
-death of tissue, usually in considerable mass, generally associated with loss of vascular/nutritive supply and followed by anaerobic bacterial invasion and putrefaction
Term
Definition: Putrefaction
Definition
-a state of decomposition accompanied by an offensive odor
Term
Definition: Gangrenous pneumonia
Definition
-usually associated with aspiration of stomach contents and accompanying anaerobic bacterial infection
Term
Definition: Fat necrosis
Definition
-a condition in which the neutral fats in the cells of adipose tissue are split into FAs and glycerol, followed by mineralization (sapolification) and the deposition of chalky white deposits
(common during/after pancreatitis in dogs)
Term
Definition: Ulcer
Definition
-are of cutaneous or mucosal necrosis with sloughing of the external necrotic tissues and exposure of underlying viable tissue
-often seen overlying tumors/chronic inflammation
Term
Definition: Immune-mediated disease
Definition
-group of skin diseases due to antibodies against skin antigens (given name Pemphigus)
Term
Definition: Atherosclerosis
Definition
-vascular wall thickening due to accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipid in vessel wall
-seen mainly in dogs with hypothyroid, diabetic, or hereditary hyperlipidemia/hypercholesterolemia
Term
Definition: Hepatic lipidosis
Definition
-the accumulation of fat in the liver
-can be due to: inc FA uptake, dec ATP, dec protein synth
Term
Definition: Lysosomal storage disease
Definition
-autosomal recessive genetic disease in which an enzyme defect or absence so that appropriate breakdown and metabolism of a complex structure doesn't take place and an intermediate product accumulates within lysosomes
Term
Definition: Neural lysosomal storage disease
Definition
-accumulation of specific sphingolipisa called gangliosides that leads to neurological disorders due to CNS migration
Supporting users have an ad free experience!