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Psycology Test Review 1
chapters 1,2,4
53
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/07/2013

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Term
definition of psychology
Definition
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Term
2 roots of psychology
Definition
philosophy and physical science
Term
1st experimental psychologist
Definition
Wilhelm Wundt
Term
gestalt psychology
Definition
• An approach to psychology that saw experience as different than the sum of its elements
• Believed that breaking down the “whole” would result in the loss of important information
Term
Structuralism
Definition
The mind is broken down into the smallest elements of mental experience
Term
Functionalism
Definition
an approach to psychology that saw behavior as purposeful and contribution to survival
Term
Behaviorism
Definition
features the study and careful measurement of observable behavior
Term
Cognition
Definition
the very private and internal mental processes such as:
o Information processing
o Thinking
o Reasoning
o Problem solving
Term
Humanists
Definition
see people of inherently good
Term
Behaviorist who did classical conditioning
Definition
Pavlov
Term
John Watson
Definition
Focused on the relationship between environmental cues and behavior - behaviorist
Term
who came up with law of effect?
Definition
Thorndike
Term
internal mental proses that behaviorists avoid
Definition
cognition - thinking. Behaviorists focus on behavior, not thinking
Term
Cognitive approach to language learning
Definition
we have innate mechanisms to learning
Term
Freud was prominent.....
Definition
in the 1st half of the 20th century
Term
leading humanists that focused on motivation and self actualization
Definition
Maslow
Term
what did Carol Rodger start?
Definition
Client center therapy
Term
Biological Psychologists
Definition
Psychological perspective that focuses between mind, behavior and underlining biological proses
Term
Evolutionary Psychologists
Definition
focuses on adaptive reasons
Term
Social psychology
Definition
Psychological perspective that focuses on social things
Term
Developmental Psychology
Definition
studies changes in people over a life time
Term
The clinical psychology
Definition
seeks to explain, define, and treat abnormal behaviors.
Term
Individual Psychology
Definition
recognizes the variation in behavior between people
Term
Critical Thinking
Definition
ability to think clearly, rationally and independently
Term
theory
Definition
facts and relationships between facts that explain a phenomenon
Term
How can science be explained today?
Definition
systematic observation and experimentation
Term
Proposed explanation, normally in an "if, then" format
Definition
hypothesis
Term
Objectivity
Definition
Objectivity means that conclusions are based on facts, without influence from personal emotions or biases.
Term
2 qualities of a hypothesis
Definition
Testable, falsifiable
Term
falsifiable
Definition
when you can imagine a situation in which the hypothesis is false
Term
sample
Definition
subset of population being studied
Term
correlation
Definition
measure the direction and strength of the relationship between two variables
Term
experiment
Definition
test hypothesis and allows the experimenter to make conclusions about correlations
Term
independent variable
Definition
has the effect on the dependent variable, the one the researcher manipulates
Term
control group
Definition
not exposed to the independent clause
Term
experimental group
Definition
is exposed to independent variable
Term
variable that is irrelevant and can alter conclusions
Definition
confounding variable
Term
The process of translating abstract independent and dependent variables into concrete forms
Definition
operationalization
Term
statistical analysis on many experiments with the same topic
Definition
meta-analysis
Term
combines the cross-sectional and longitudinal methods. Participants from a range of ages are observed for a limited period of time, usually about five years.
Definition
mixed longitudinal study
Term
function of dendrites
Definition
receive messages from surrounding everything
Term
Synapses
Definition
junction between sending neuron and receiving neuron (synapses gap)
Term
under supply of serotonin links with....
Definition
depression
Term
Chemical communication system is part of the....
Definition
Endocrine
Term
Central nervous system is made up of...
Definition
the brain and the spinal cord
Term
brain evolves to take over damaged parts
Definition
plasticity
Term
connects brain hemispheres
Definition
corpus callosum
Term
neuro transmitter
Definition
chemical messenger of the nervous system
Term
sympathetic system
Definition
division of the autonomic system that prepares you to fight or run
Term
re-uptake
Definition
recycling/ re-absorbing of the neuro transmitters by sending neurons
Term
most extensive region of the brain, controls memory and learning
Definition
association areas
Term
chemical messengers of the endocrine system
Definition
hormones
Term
oldest part of the the brain
Definition
brain stem
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