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pre-anesthetic, anesthetic, pain mgt and NM blocker drugs
flash cards for all the drugs in anesthesia and surgical assisting
90
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 2
02/14/2012

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Cards

Term

What is an example of an open anesthetic machine system?

 

Definition
induction box (ie boxing down a cat)
Term
What is tiletamine combine with to make Telazol(R) ?
Definition
zolazepam
Term
You can use _________ as an anticonvulsant if diazepam is ineffective (but it is not recommended as the margin of safety is so small)
Definition
pentobarbital
Term
Name a semi-open system other than the Ayre's T piece.
Definition
Bain apparatus
Term
What is something you should remember to tella  client when sending home tramadol?
Definition
It causes sedation so if patient becomes too sedated, can decrease the dose.
Term
Cyclohexamines are relatives to what illegal drug people sometimes become addicted to?
Definition
PCP
Term
True or False: Isoflurane helps increase blood pressure.
Definition
false
Term
What is diazepam suspended in?
Definition
propylene glycol
Term
How long is regular propofol good for once opened?
Definition
24 hours in the fridge
Term
how long is propoflo 28 good for once opened?
Definition
28 days, doesn't have to be refridgerated
Term
Which anti-cholinergic does NOT cross the placental barrier?
Definition
Glycopyrrolate
Term
Why shouldn't diazepam be given IM or SC?
Definition
B/c it is suspended in propylene glycol which is irritating and poorly absorbed
Term
Why should humans wear gloves when handling alph-a-agonists?
Definition
it can be absorbed transdermally!
Term
Cyclohexamines are also known as what type of drug?
Definition
dissociates
Term
What is apneustic respirations?
Definition
Breath holding after inspiration
Term
What is the reversal agent for dexmeditomidine?
Definition
atipamezole
Term
what class of drugs is acepromazine under?
Definition
phenothiazines
Term
What drug should you avoid giving with allergy testing?
Definition
acepromazine
Term
Choose the correct answer: what are the advantages of opioids?
a. wide margin of safety
b. histamine release
c. GI clearing
d. dyspnea
Definition
a
Term
Which of the drugs below is NOT an opioid?
a. morphine
b. hydromorphone
c. ketamine
d. butorphanol
Definition
c
Term
Cyclohexamines are contraindicated in:
a. seizures
b. kidney disease
d. liver disease
e. all of the above
Definition
d
Term
propofol is a _________>
a. barbiturate
b. inhalant anesthetic
c. substituted phenol
d. cyclohexamine
Definition
c
Term
True or false:
acepromazine should be included in protocols for allergy testing
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
atropine is an antiemetic
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
acepromazine is an antiarrhythmic
Definition
true
Term
true or false:
yohimbine is the reversal agent for dexmeditomidine
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
meperidine also has anti-anxiety properties and is non controlled
Definition
false
Term
true or false: morphine is a pure agonist
Definition
true
Term
true or false:
IV and IM doses of ketamine are the same
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
nitrous oxide is the most common inhalant anesthetic in veterinary medicine
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
TKX is sold as a powder with zolazepam under the name telazol
Definition
false
Term
anticholinergic drugs are also known as __________.
Definition
parasympatholytics
Term
signs of atropine overdose include:
a. tachycardia
b.dry mucous membranes
c. hyperthermia
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
f. b and c only
g. a and c only
h. none of the above
Definition
d
Term
Naloxone is the reversal for _____.
a. ketamine
b. tiletamine
c. atropine
d. none of the above
Definition
d
Term
true or false:
apneustic respirations are characteristic of cyclohexamines
Definition
true
Term
true or false:
propofol is a controlled barbiturate
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
etomidate is an IM injectable
Definition
false
Term
overdose of this class causes seizures in any species
Definition
cyclohexamines
Term
which injectable pre-anesthetic class is used ONLY in young, healhty patients
Definition
Alpha-2-agonists
Term
what is a precaution when using a benzodiazepines alone?
Definition
may cause excitement
Term
does atropine have any significant sedative ?
Definition
no
Term
name 2 disadvantages of opioids
Definition
respiratory depression (dose dependent)

can cause histamine release if given IV
Term
Name a phenothiazine and 1 precaution for each
Definition
acepromazine (is the only one we learn about); lowers seizure threshold (there are others)
Term
Diazepam belongs in what class?
Definition
benzodiazepines
Term
What happens if diazepam is kept in plastic?
Definition
the plastic will bind it and it may not get to the patient!
Term
Xylazine belongs in what class of drugs?
Definition
alpha-2-agonists
Term
what is the reversal of xylazine?`
Definition
yohimbine
Term
Which anticholinergic would you not want to use in a c-section?
Definition
atropine
Term
Name the opioid that has a relatively high safety index due to the "ceiling effect"
Definition
butorphanol
Term
Name 3 contraindications of using barbiturates
Definition
CNS depression; sighthounds; fearful or agitated animals (there are others as well)
Term
name the most common inhalant anesthetic used in veterinary medicine
Definition
isoflurane; sevoflurane is gaining popularity but iso is cheaper so is used more often
Term
name one barbiturate that is commonly used for euthanasia
Definition
pentobarbital
Term
How long do the effects of propofol generally last?
Definition
5-10 min
Term
what class of drugs is propofol in
Definition
substituted phenols
Term
Name a drug that is a common in-house mixture and what are the ingredients?
Definition
TKX-telazol, ketamine, xylazine
Term
Which cyclohexamine is ONLY sold in a combination?
Definition
tiletamine
Term
Etomidate is in what class of drugs?
Definition
hypnotics
Term
What is an advantage of etomidate?
Definition
little cardiovascular side effects
Term
Name 2 dissociative drugs
Definition
tiletamine and ketamine
Term
True or false:
propofol can be given IV and IM
Definition
false, can give IV but not IM
Term
Thiopental is __________.
a. ultra-short acting
b. regular short acting
c. intermediate acting
d. slow-acting
Definition
b
Term
which inhalant drug is excellent to use in birds, geriatrics and critical care?
Definition
isoflurane
Term
True or false:
pentobarbital has a narrow margin of safety
Definition
true
Term
Name 3 classes of drugs that have reversals
Definition
alpha-2-agonists
opioids
benzodiazepines
Term
Which benzodiazepine is commonly prescribed for anxiety (at-home use)
Definition
alprazolam
Term
Which opioid is considered the standard against which all other opioids are judged?
Definition
morphine
Term
True or false:
xylazine offers no analgesic properties
Definition
false
Term
Which class of drugs can be given IM but is very painful
Definition
cyclohexamines (may be others as well)
Term
What pre-anesthetic can be used as an anti-tussive for dogs with kennel cough?
Definition
butorphanol
Term
true or false:
Ketmine is not commonly used in veterinary medicine
Definition
false
Term
true or false:
sevoflurane has a faster induction and smoother recovery than isoflurane (reportedly)
Definition
true
Term
opioids can act as _______ and ________ on the receptors in the brain
Definition
agonists and antagonists
Term
true or false:
acepromazine is a controlled drug
Definition
false
Term
what class of drugs is midazolam?
Definition
benzodiazepines
Term
You're about to anesthetize a dog for an intestinal foreign body removal. Is it safe to use dexmeditomidine in this animal?
Definition
no
Term
what drug do you use to induce vomiting in cats (not hydrogen peroxide)
Definition
xylazine
Term
true or false:
birds have more kappa receptors in their brain than mu receptors
Definition
true
Term
define vapor pressure
Definition
the pressure exerted on a container from the molecules that have escaped the liquid form into a gas form
Term
which injectable anesthteic drug is stored in the fridge and why
Definition
propofol b/c it is suspended in a soy/egg suspension that promotes bacterial growth
Term
are benzodiazepines controlled or not controlled
Definition
controlled
Term
what species should IV opioids be avoided in?
Definition
cats
Term
what plant is atropine derived from?
Definition
deadly nightshade
Term
is butorphanol an opioid?
Definition
yes
Term
what class of drugs is pentobarbital in ?
Definition
barbiturates
Term
what are teh 3 inhalants talked about in class?
Definition
isoflurane, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide
Term
what is the only hypnotic we talked about
Definition
etomidate
Term
what is tidal volume
Definition
the volume of gas that moves in/out of the lungs with each breath
Term
what happens if you give a barbiturate perivascularly?
Definition
tissue necrosis (HURTS!!!)
Term
Which 2 drugs prevent hypersalivation and prevents bradycardia?
Definition
atropine and glycopyrrolate
Term
True or false:
diazepam is poorly absorbed IM
Definition
true
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