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Pre-Anesthesia
na
29
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
01/31/2010

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Term
tranquilize
Definition
alteration of behavior. quiets and calms the patient.awake, no analgesia, calm. implies calm, not sleepy
Term
sedation
Definition
patient is awake, but is slightly depressed and sleepy. decreased activity and excitement. implies sleepier
Term
anesthesia
Definition
without feeling or sensation. patient is asleep, cannot be awakened (until drug wears off), has amnesia and loss of reflexes.
Term
analgesia
Definition
relief of pain without loss of consciousness
Term
amnesia
Definition
loss of memory - patient does not remember procedure.
Term
ataxia
Definition
incoordination - stumbling gait, falling to side
Term
hypnosis
Definition
greater depression than sedation. patient is asleep but can be awakened.
Term
narcosis
Definition
patient is asleep, can be awakened but goes back to sleep. implies good analgesia
Term
preanesthesia
Definition
period immediately preceding the induction of anesthesia.
Term
pre-anesthetic medication
Definition
any drug given within 1 hour
before anesthesia.
Term
anesthetist
Definition
a person, such as a nurse or technician, trained in the administration of anesthetics – LVT
Term
anesthesiologist
Definition
a physician or veterinarian specializing in anesthesiology – DVM.
Term
indications for anesthesia
Definition
restraint of fractious patients or painful procedures, control seizures for short term, surgery to prevent motion and be humanely pain free, euthanasia
Term
goals of anesthesia
Definition
primary goal is for the health and safety of the patient and human personnel, secondary is to accomplish the procedure
Term
Legally an LVT can...
Definition
induce anesthesia and intubate if licensed veterinarian is supervising, or in the building; UK- can do minor surgeries
Term
A good anesthesiologist must know...
Definition
drugs- mode of action, side effects, advantages; physiology of the awake vs anesthetized patient; monitor anesthesia- vital signs, depth, reflexes; equipment; emergencies- recognize & respond; special techniques such as local analgesia or post op analgesia
Term
name some owner considerations before anesthesia
Definition
estimate of cost; informed consent explaining procedure, risks & release form; phone numbers
Term
the minimum data base consists of..
Definition
nature of procedure, patient hx, PE, dx tests, classification of patient status
Term
patient hx consists of
Definition
open ques; up to date vaccs, current meds, previous allergies, anesthetic episodes, sx, drugs and patient responses, current illnesses
Term
The PE consists of
Definition
Look for respir & heart disease, abnormal size of organs, disorders to tx, physical factors affecting procedure; signalment; activity level; body condition; head type
Term
what is signalment
Definition
species, breed, age, sex, if neutered, color. weight
Term
Name different concerns that tend to arise in different age groups
Definition
pediatric - unable to metabolize injectables well - inactive liver enzyme detoxification system. use inhalants. avoid barbiturates in patients under three months old.
b. geriatric - decreased ability to metabolize - decrease doses. cancer more likely in geriatric than neonatal animals
Term
why do we do a patient evaluation
Definition
determines safest, least stressful anesthetic. look for factors that may lead to anesthetic complications
Term
Before deciding on anesthetic protocol
Definition
Do a minimum data base on patient
Term
How does weight affect the physical status of a patient
Definition
overweight more prone to cardiovascular, joint problems.
a. accurate weight – scale. do not estimate. drug doses, fluids.
b. record - compare to previous weights. growing? gaining
*underweight have less fat and could overdose while fatter have less blood supply so overdose
Term
List why we consider activity level in PE
Definition
anxious will need heavier bc metabolic rate higher and cardiac output to muscles higher than brain; aggressive need higher; calm needs no
Term
Why does the body condition get assessed in PE
Definition
Dehydration, obese - base anesthetic doses on ideal weight. lower metabolic rate.
3. very thin or emaciated - sighthounds or underlying illness.
a. very sensitive to certain drugs – barbiturates.
b. no body fat:
1. for redistribution of drug from brain to fat.
2. tend to become hypothermic easily.
4. pregnant - any general anesthetic that affects the mother will also affect the babies.
Term
Name dx tests we might conduct before doing anesthesia
Definition
complete blood count – CBC – PCV, TP, differential.
b. urinalysis - kidneys - excrete many drugs. USPG, dipstick.
c. blood chemistries - check for liver, kidney, electrolyte disorders.
d. blood clotting tests – Doberman pinscher - von Willebrand's.
e. blood gases - not routinely done in practice. PaCO2, PaO2.
f. electrocardiogram - ECK, EKG - screen for heart problems, monitor.
g. radiography - chest radiographs for lung function. trauma cases.
h. miscellaneous tests - HWT, FeLV/FIV, etc
Term
Name classes of patient status
Definition
class I minimal risk – normal, healthy, no underlying disease - spay,declaw.
class II slight risk - slight to mild disorder, able to compensate, no clinical signs. geriatric, obese, fracture without shock.
class III moderate risk - moderate systemic disorder, mild clinical signs. anemia, moderate dehydration, low-grade heart disease.
class IV high risk - severe preexisting systemic disorder. severe dehydration, shock, uremia, high fever.
class V grave risk - life-threatening disorders, moribund, surgery performed in desperation. advanced heart disease,profound shock.
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