Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Poultry Skeleton & Muscles
poultry, skeleton, muscles
44
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/24/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition
1. Wing digit 1
2. Wing digit 2
3. Wing digit 3
4. Carpals
5. Radius
6. Ulna
7. Humerus
8. Scapula
9. Thoracic vertebrae
10. Femur
11. Ilium
12. Synsacrum
13. Pygostyle
14. Ischium
15. Pubis
16. Fibula
17. Tibiotarsus
18. Tarsometatarsus
19. Four foot digits
20. Patella
21. Carina of sternum
22. Furcula of 2 clavicles
23. Coracoid
24. Cervical vertebrae
Term
Are the vertebrae in poultry fused or relatively mobile?
Definition
highly fused
Term
How many occipital condyles do poultry have?
Definition
one
Term
How is the atlas unique in poultry?
Definition
has a large odontoid process that projects anteriorly
Term
Of the 7 thoracic vertebrae, how many are fused?
Definition
2-5 (four total)
Term
What is the synsacrum?
Definition
a fused length of the vertebral column
(thoracic vertebra 7, 14 lumbo-sacral & 1st caudal)
Term
When does fusion of the vertebral column occur?
Definition
many weeks after hatching
Term
What is the term for the three-sided pyramidal bone formed by the last caudal vertebrae?
Definition
pygostyle
Term
Are the caudal vertebrae primarily fused or mobile?
Definition
aside from the first, all are mobile
Term
True or False

Poultry do not have costal cartilage
Definition
true
Term
What is the term for the process that overlaps each rib?
Definition
uncinate process
Term
What structure increases the area of attachment for flight muscles?
Definition
the carina
Term
[image]
Definition

1. Glenoid

2. Scapula

3. Coracoid

4. Clavicle

7. Sternum

Term
What bones are distal to the humerus?
Definition
radius & ulna
Term
How are the carpals, metacarpals and digits modified to form wings?
Definition
-greatly reduced to form a stiff anchorage for primary flight feathers
Term
What are the 3 digits of the wing equivalent to in other animals?
Definition
2,3 & 4
Term
Where does the wing articulate with the body?
Definition
at the glenoid cavity
Term
What three bones converge at the glenoid cavity?
Definition
scapula, coracoid & clavicle
Term
How is the coracoid in birds different from in mammals?
Definition
separate bone in birds, is an integral part of scapula in mammals
Term
What is the proper term for the wish bone, and of which bones is it made?
Definition
the left & right clavicle fuse to form the furcula
Term
Why don't pigs, sheep and cattle need clavicles?
Definition
they have restricted movement in the limb/shoulder joint
Term
Which end of the coracoid is braced against the sternum?
Definition
distal
Term
[image]
Definition

1. digit

2. digit

3. digit

4. carpometacarpus

5. radius

6. ulna

7. humerus

Term
What bones are immediately distal to the femur?
Definition
fibula & tibia
Term
Why do birds have a greatly reduced fibula?
Definition
differential growth in the embryo (distal part of fibula becomes part of the tibia)
Term
What is the tibiotarsus comprised of?
Definition
fibula, tibia, proximal tarsal bones
Term
What is the tarsometatarsus comprised of?
Definition
fused metatarsals 2, 3 & 4
Term
Describe the positioning of digits in birds? What is the significance?
Definition
Digit 1 is posterior
Digits 2, 3, & 4 are anterior
-enables the bird to perch
Term
Are the pubic bones fused or separate in birds?
Definition
separate
Term
To what bone does the ilium fuse?
Definition
synasacrum
Term
What is the significance of the open structure of the pelvis?
Definition
facilitates passage of eggs from the body cavity
Term
Describe the floor of the acetabulum
Definition
it is membranous
Term
What bones form the structure of the acetabulum?
Definition
ilium, ischium & pubis
Term
[image]
Definition

Digits 1, 2, 3 & 4

5. Tarsometatarsus

6. Tibiotarsis

7. Fibula

8. Femur

Term
[image]
Definition

1. Obturator foramen

2. Acetabulum

3. Sciatic foramen

4. Ilium

5. Ischium

6. Pubis

Term
[image]
Definition

1. Clavicle

2. Minor head of supracoracoideus

3. Coracoid

4. Posterior coracobrachialis

5. Sternum

6. Pectoralis

7.Supracoracoideus

Term
What muscle is the origin of the major power stroke of the wing?
Definition
pectoralis
Term
What muscle is found between the pectoralis and the sternum?
Definition
supracoracoideus
Term
What muscle is used to raise the wing?
Definition
supracoracoideus
Term
What allows the supracoracoideus to raise the wing, despite being adjacent to the pectoralis, which lowers it?
Definition
the tendon is inserted onto the opposite side of the humerus to the tendon of the pectoralis
Term
What are the largest muscles of the body in poultry?
Definition
pectoralis (8% of body weight!)
Term
What region of the sternum allows for attachment of the pectoralis?
Definition
the zone around the supracoracoideus muscle
Term
Where does most of the pectoralis originate from?
Definition
the furcula & a membrane that stretches between the furcula and coracoid
Term
Describe the continuation of the main tendon of the pectoralis muscle
Definition
continued intramuscularly as a layer of connective tissue that divides the muscle into two heads
Supporting users have an ad free experience!