Shared Flashcard Set

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Positioning
Vertebral Column
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/07/2017

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Which of the following describes the central ray centering point for the L5-S1 lateral projection?
Definition
2 inches posterior to the ASIS and 1 1/2 inches below the iliac crests
Term
The condition in which an intervertebral disk "slips" and protrudes into the vertebral canal is called:
Definition
herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)
Term
Where is the 14X17 inch (35X43 cm) central ray directed for a lateral lumbosacral spine
Definition
Iliac crests
Term
Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the sacrum?
Definition
2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis
Term
To demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine, the patient angle is:
Definition
AP Oblique 45 degrees
Term
The respiration phase for the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine is:
Definition
expiration
Term
Where is the IR centered for an AP projection of the lumbosacral spine?
Definition
iliac crests
Term
Which of the following is the essential projection used to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine?
Definition
AP oblique, RPO and LPO positions
Term
When the spine cannot be placed in a true horizontal position for the L5-S1 lateral projection, the central ray must be angled:
Definition
5 degrees men, 8 degrees women - caudad
Term
An abnormally increased concavity of the lumbar spine is termed:
Definition
lordosis
Term
Where is the central ray directed for an AP lumbosacral spine?
Definition
iliac crests or L4
Term
Which of the following will prevent the AEC detector from prematurely terminating the exposure during a lateral lumbar spine?

 

Definition
placing a sheet of rubber on the table behind the patient
Term
Which projection of the lumbar spine displays the vertebrae in the form of a "Scottie dog”?
1.) lateral
2.) AP oblique
3.) PA oblique
Definition
2 and 3
Term
Which of the following should be performed to reduce the lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine for the AP projection?
1.) flex the hips
2.) flex the knees
3.) flex the elbows
Definition
1 and 2
Term
Which of the following planes is placed perpendicular to the tabletop and centered to the midline of the grid for a lateral lumbar spine?

 

Definition
midcoronal plane
Term
Where is the 14X17 inch (35X43 cm) IR centered for a lateral lumbar spine?
Definition
iliac crests
Term
When only the lumbar vertebrae (not lumbosacral) are imaged in the AP projection, the central ray is directed:
Definition
1.5 inches above iliac crests
Term
   
 
How many vertebrae are there in the sacrum?
Definition
5
Term
Where is the central ray directed for a lateral thoracic spine? 
Definition
level of T7
Term

 

How is the thorax centered for a lateral thoracic spine?

Definition
center the posterior half to the center of the grid
Term
How much is the body rotated for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? 
Definition
45 degrees
Term

 

The SID for a lateral cervical spine must be a minimum of how many inches? 

Definition
60 to 72 inches
Term

 

Where is the CR directed for an "open mouth" AP projection of the atlas and axis?

Definition
perpendicular through the open mouth
Term
When the shoulder is immobile and cannot be depressed sufficiently for the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmer's technique), the central ray is angled:
Definition
3-5 degrees cephalad
Term
The second cervical vertebral is called the: 
Definition
Axis
Term
Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the dens within the foramen magnum?
Definition
Fuchs
Term
Which of the following lines must be perpendicular to the IR for the AP "open mouth" atlas and axis? 
Definition
A line drawn from the lower edge of the upper incisors to the tip of the mastoid process
Term
Where is the IR centered for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral projection of the cervical spine? 
Definition
Fourth cervical vertebrae
Term
Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cervical spine 
Definition
4th cervical vertebra
Term
The zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection?
Definition
Lateral
Term

 

What is the CR angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method? 

Definition
0 degrees
Term
Where is the IR centered for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmer's technique)?
Definition
at the C7-T1 interspace
Term

 

Patients may arrive in the emergency department with trauma to the neck.  Which projection of the cervical spine is performed first, and then reviewed by a physician, before proceeding with other projections? 

Definition
dorsal decubitus (cross-table) lateral
Term
What is the CR angle for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? 
Definition
15 to 20 degrees cephalad
Term

Which of the following should be performed to place the back in contact with the table for an AP thoracic spine? 

1) flex the hips

2) flex the knees

3) flex the cervical spine 

Definition
1 and 2
Term
Which intervertebral foramina and pedicles are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? 
Definition
those farthest from the IR
Term

 

The first cervical vertebra is called the 

Definition
Atlas
Term
Where should the arms be placed for a lateral projection of the thoracic spine? 
Definition
at right angles to the long axis of the body
Term
For the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmer's technique) the recommended position of the humeral head farthest from the IR is: 
Definition
move posteriorly
Term

 

Which of the following breathing techniques can be used for a lateral projection of the thoracic vertebra? 

1) full inspiration

2) suspended respiration

3) quiet breathing

Definition

2 and 3

 Or on expiration

Term
Where is the CR directed for a lateral cervical spine? 
Definition
C4
Term

 

How are small weights applied to the arms for the lateral projection of the cervical spine? 

Definition
affixed to the wrists
Term

 

Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?

1)  supports the trunk

2) protects the spinal cord 

3)  supports the skull superiorly

Definition
1, 2, and 3
Term

 

What is the CR angle for an AP thoracic spine? 

Definition
0 degrees
Term

Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the cervicothoracic region in the lateral projection? 

1) Ottonello method

2) swimmer's technique

3) Ferguson Method

 

Definition
 swimmer's technique
Term

 

Which vertebra contains both an anterior and a posterior arch? 

Definition
Cervical
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