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Positioning Chapter 16 and 17
Important Information
30
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/19/2017

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The abdominal cavity extends from....
Definition
The diaphragm to the superior aspect of the bony pelvis.
Term
The abdominal cavity contains....
Definition
  • The stomach
  • Small and large intestines
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Spleen
  • Pancreas
  • Kidneys
Term
The pelvic cavity lies....
Definition
Within the margins of the bony pelvis.
Term
The pelvic cavity contains...
Definition
  • The rectum
  • Sigmoid of the large intestine
  • The urinary bladder
  • The reproductive organs
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
A double-walled seromembranous sac that encloses the abdominopelvic cavity.
Term
Parietal peritoneum
Definition
The outer portion of the peritoneum and lies in close contact with the abdominal wall.
Term
Visceral peritoneum
Definition
The inner portion of the peritoneum and is positioned over or around the contained organs.
Term
Mesentery and Omenta
Definition
Folds formed by the peritoneum which serves to support the viscera in position.
Term
Peritoneal cavity
Definition
The space between the 2 layers of the peritoneum and contains serous fluid.
Term
Retroperitoneum
Definition
The cavity behind the peritoneum where the kidneys and pancreas lie.
Term
The best criterion for assessing the quality of an abdominal radiographic image is the ability to visualize each of the following:
Definition
  • Sharply defined outlines of the psoas muscles
  • Lower border of the liver
  • Kidneys
  • Ribs and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.
Term
Name the steps that are observed regarding immobilization:
Definition
  • To prevent muscle contraction caused by tension, adjust the patient in a comfortable position so that he or she can relax
  • Explain the breathing procedure, and ensure the patient understands.
  • If necessary, apply a compression band across the abdomen for immobilization, not compression.
  • Do not start the exposure for 1-2 seconds after suspension of respiration to allow the patient to come to rest and involuntary movement of the viscera to subside.
Term
Why would a PA chest also be obtained along with a KUB series?
Definition
Any air escaping from the gastrointestinal tract into the peritoneal space rises to the highest level, usually just beneath the diaphragm.
Term
What is necessary to show small amounts of intraperitoneal gas in acute abdominal cases?
Definition

The patient is kept in the left lateral position on a stretcher for 10-20 minutes.

 

This allows gas to rise into the area under the right hemidiaphragm, where teh potential pathology would not be superimposed by the gastric gas bubble.

Term
2 parts of digestive system:
Definition
Accessory glands and the alimentary canal
Term
List the accessory glands of the digestive system:
Definition
  • Salivary glands
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Pancreas
Term
Describe the alimentary canal:
Definition
  • A musculomembranous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.
Term
List the components of the alimentary canal:
Definition
  • Mouth 
  • Pharynx
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Small intestine
  • Large intestine
Term
What are the 4 layers of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine?
Definition
  1. Fibrous layer
  2. Muscular layer
  3. Submucosal layer
  4. Mucosal layer
Term
4 parts of the stomach:
Definition
  1. Cardia
  2. Fundus
  3. Body
  4. Pyloric portion
Term
Cardia
Definition
The section immediately surrounding the esophageal opening.
Term
Fundus
Definition
The superior portion of the stomach that expands superiorly and fills the dome of the left hemidiaphragm.
Term
Body
Definition
Descends from the fundus and begins at the level of the cardiac notch.
Term
Where is the stomach in a hypersthenic habitus?
Definition
It is almost horizontal and is high, with its most dependent portion well above the umbilicus.
Term
Where is the stomach in an asthenic patient?
Definition
The stomach is vertical and occupies a low position, with its most dependent portion extending well below the transpyloric, interspinous line.
Term
85% of the population is either _____ or ______.
Definition
sthenic or hyposthenic
Term
Chyme
Definition
Food that has been mechanically and chemically altered in the stomach and is transported to the duodenum.
Term
The small intestine extends from....
Definition

The pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the ileocecal valve, where it joins the large intestine at a right angle.

 

Digestion and absorption of food occur in this portion of the alimentary canal.

Term
Villi
Definition
The mucosa of the small intestine contains a series of fingerlike projections called villi.
Term
3 portions of the small intestines:
Definition
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
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