Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Populations, Samples, Variables
VM 608 Midterm
26
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
04/07/2012

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Population
Definition
a collection of things having some quantifiable characteristic in common

Dynamic
Term
Parameter
Definition
a numerical value that summarizes the population data

Stable even though the population is dynamic
Term
Inclusion criteria
Definition
The common characteristics of the population
Term
Exclusion criteria
Definition
The common characteristics that the members of the population lack
Term
Confounders
Definition
Unidentified characteristics of a population that could potentially affect study results
Term
Sample
Definition
A group of individuals that represents the population
Term
Random Sampling
Definition
every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
Term
Law of Independence
Definition
selection of one member does not influence the chance of choosing any other
Term
Variable
Definition
Any measurable characteristic found in each individual in a population
Term
Quantitative Variable
Definition
numbers that reflect a value
Term
Categorical Variable
Definition
no numerical value even if the categories have been assigned a number
Term
Binary or Dichotomous Variable
Definition
2 choices
Term
Discrete Variable
Definition
limited choices
Term
Continuous Variable
Definition
extensive range of possible values
Term
Nominal Scale
Definition
No scale, a labeling system, categories with no order
Term
Ordinal Scale
Definition
Ordered categories, no consistent distance between categories
Term
Interval Scale
Definition
Continuous variables with mathematical values, the difference between consecutive values is consistent along the continuum
Term
Ratio
Definition
Used for making comparisons between different sets of variables using different scales
Term
p-value
Definition
a probability that a given outcome could occur by chance
if less than .005 then we are 95% certain that this outcome was not due to chance
Term
Right Skewed Frequency Distribution
Definition
The tail of the curve is to the right
There is more count in the tail than expected in a normal distribution
Most cases are to the left
Aka positive skew
Term
Left Skewed Frequency Distribution
Definition
The tail of the curve is to the left
There is more count in the tail than expected in a normal distribution
Most cases are to the right
Aka negative skew
Term
Outlier
Definition
data points that deviate unexpectedly from the others
Term
Standard Deviation
Definition
the average distance of all the values from the cluster
less reliable with skewed distribution
Term
Parametric tests
Definition
interval data that is symmetrically distributed
Term
Nonparametric tests
Definition
the data is not interval and is not symmetrically distributed (skewed)
Term
Z-score
Definition
the number of standard deviations above or below the means in a standardized normal distribution
Supporting users have an ad free experience!