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PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
36
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/23/2009

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Cards

Term
Stuctural Divisions of the PNS
Definition
CRANIAL and SPINAL nerves
Term
Functional Divison of the PNS (3)
Definition
SOMATIC (general body)
AUTONOMIC (viscera - organs)
ENTERIC (intestines - GIT)
Term
Which makes up the PNS
Definition
INFORMATION CARRYING FIBRES
(generally white matter)

- afferent (sensory)
- efferent (motor)

INTEGRATING, PROCESSING AREAS
- (Areas of grey matter)
Term
How many pairs of spinal/cranial nerves are there?
Definition
31 pairs SPINAL
12 pairs CRANIAL
Term
Spinal nerves are... (mixed/sensory/motor?)
Definition
MIXED
Term
Integrating, proccessing areas can either be..
Definition
GREY matter IN CNS (cortex or nuclei)
GREY matter OUTSIDE CNS (ganglia) - (collection of neuron cell bodies associated with PNS nerves)
Term
Where do dorsal root ganglia form and what do they contain?
Definition
- On the dorsal nerve root near the Spinal Cord.
- Contains cell bodies of SOMATIC SENSORY NEURONS
Term
Visceral ganglia are located where?
Definition
Close to body organs
i.e, (parasympathetic ganglia)
Term
Some ganglia are located..
Definition
In front of vertebra (prevertebral) Along side of the vertebral (paravertebral) -
Term
ENDOneurium is around what?
Definition
Each neuron
Term
PERIneurium bundles what together?
Definition
Bundles a number of neurons together to form a FASICLE
Term
EPIneurium bundles...
Definition
A number of fasicles together to form a nerve
Term
What are peripheral nerves made up of? And are bundled together in what?
Definition
Thousands of axons of neurons
Bundled together in connective tissue sheaths
Term
Dorsal roots contain..
Ventral roots contain..
Definition
sensory neurons
motor neurons
Term
How do nerves emerge from the spinal chord?
Definition
As 2 roots..
- Ventral (anterior)
- Dorsal (posterior)
Term
Do motor and sensory fibers run side by side in the spinal nerve?
Definition
YES
Term
How many spinal nerve regions are there and how are they named
Definition
5. Named for POINT OF EXIT from the spinal chord
Term
C 1-8
Definition
Cervical - 8 pairs
Term
T 1-12
Definition
Thoracic - 12 pairs
Term
L 1-5
Definition
Lumbar - 5 pairs
Term
S 1-5
Definition
Sacral (5 pairs)
Term
C 0
Definition
Coccygeal - 1 pair
Term
Because the spinal nerves are so short, what do they divide into when they exit the spinal chord?
Definition
Dorsal ramus and Ventral ramus
Term
Dorsal ramus
Definition
- Travels posteriorly.
- Sensory from skin (back)
- Motor to muscles of the back
Term
Ventral Ramus
Definition
- Travels anteriorly
- Everything else
- Therefore, Ventral ramus is LARGER
Term
Segmented supply
Definition
One spinal cord segment supplies one area. Simple movements. (IE, back muscles, intercostals , abdominal muscles.)
Term
Which spinal nerves are classed as segmented?
Definition
T 2-12 (run between ribs as intercostal nerves)
Term
Intergrated Supply
Definition
- A number of spinal chord segments supplies an area. For coordinated muscle activity. ie, neck and limbs. Need a PLEXUS. All nerves (except T 2-12 - contribute to a plexus
Term
What is a plexus
Definition
Interlacing nerve network.

Each muscle in a limb recieves its nerve supply from more than one spinal nerve
Term
Name the 4 major plexi
Definition
Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, Sacral
Term
Cervical plexus (C 1-4) mostly locally supply what?
Definition
Sensory skin to neck and shoulder and motor muscles of same region AND nerve to diaphragm (PHRENIC C 3,4,5)
Term
Brachial plexus (C 5-8 and T 1) supplies where?
Definition
Upper limbs
Term
The brachial plexus consists of 5 nerve roots which form the nerves named...
Definition
Radial, Ulna, Median, Axillary, Musculocutaneous (sensory and motor arm muscles)
Term
Sacral Plexus is usually linked with what region?
Definition
LUMBAR (therefore Lumbosacral plexus)
Term
Which nerves make up the Sacral plexus and which area do they supply?
Definition
L 4,5 - S 1-5, C 0. Posterior, hip and lower limbs
Term
Spinal Nerves - C - T - L - S - C
Definition
Cervical - Thoracic - Lumbar - Sarcal - Coccygeal
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