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PNB 2264L practical 2 misc
information and equations for lab practical 2
24
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/29/2018

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Term
How do you measure active force at any given muscle length?
Definition
total force during stimulation - passive force (no stimulation)`
Term
buildup of what causes muscle fatigue?
Definition
ADP, P and Mg2+, H+ (from lactic acid)
Term
how does the H+ buildup (from lactic acid) interfere with muscle contraction?
Definition
it competitively binds with troponin receptors
Term
why does rigor mortis occur?
Definition
lack of ATP to break the cross bridge
Term
Nernst Equation (also called reversal potential or eq potential) for positive ions
Definition
[image]
Term
Nernst Equation (also called reversal potential pr eq potential) for neg ions
Definition
[image]
Term
Parallel conductance eq
Definition
[image]
Term
what is reversal potential (not the equation - what does it mean for ion flow)
Definition
its the point at which ion flow will stop and if it goes beyond the point, reverse direction
Term
under what conditions do we use nernst equation?
Definition
if the cell is permeable to only one ion (or we want to know the E of a specific ion in the absence of others)
Term
what does the parallel conductance eq calculate?
Definition
Vrest or resting membrane potential. Remember, when calculating Vrest for changes in ion concentrations, you will need the nerst to calculate the new Eion first.
Term
where do we start measuring latency?
Definition
at the start of the stimulus artifact
Term
equation for biphasic wave form
Definition
pos electrode (placed farther from ground) - neg electrode (placed closer to ground)
Term
conduction velocity absolute method equation
Definition
conduction velocity = D1/ LP1 (or D2/LP2)
Term
conduction velocity difference method equation
Definition
conduction velocity = (D2-D1)/(LP2-LP1)
Term
primary cell type for parathyroid gland
Definition
chief cells
Term
what 2 hormones are released by posterior pituitary?
Definition
ADH and oxytocin
Term
Where do we find acidophils, basophils and chromophobes?
Definition
anterior pituitary gland
Term
where do we find herring bodies and putuicytes?
Definition
posterior pituitary gland
Term
where are acinar cells found
Definition
pancreas
Term
where are islets of Langerhans found
Definition
pancreas
Term
normalized O2 consumption rate
Definition
oxygen consumption rate (Distnace bubble traveled/time in minutes)/wight in g
Term
air consumption rate
Definition
air consumption rate = O2 consumption rate (distance bubble traveled/time in min) / .21
Term
factors that effect Vrest
Definition
ion permeability - the more permeable it is to the ion, the closer to e ion it will get
concentration - whatever the new concentration, the Vrest will move toward the new Eion (how much depends on permeability)
Term
what effect does changees in concentration have on Vrest?
Definition
Vrest moves toward new Eion (how much depends on permeability
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