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Physical Science Exam
Exam Review
47
Anatomy
Not Applicable
01/07/2008

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Cards

Term
What number represents the acceleration due to gravity?
Definition
9.8 m/s/s
Term
When should you report a lab accident?
Definition
Immediately
Term
When you drop a nail, a piece of paper, and a foam ball, which will hit the ground first (in the absence of air resistance)?
Definition
All will hit at the same time
Term
What is the speed of an object at rest?
Definition
0 m/s
Term
In the equation E=mc2, what does the c stand for?
Definition

The speed of light

Term
What force is always acting in a downward direction?
Definition
Gravity
Term
What is the metric prefix for 1/1000?
Definition
milli
Term
What is the metric prefix for 1/100?
Definition
centi
Term
What is the metric prefix for 1000?
Definition
kilo
Term
The opposite reaction to fusion
Definition
fission
Term
What quantity is equal to one half the mass of the object times the velocity squared?
Definition
kinetic energy
Term
The factor in an experiment that the experimenter has control over
Definition
independent variable
Term

The factor in the experiment that changes as the result of the independent variable

Definition
dependent variable
Term
The factor that remains the same throughout an experiment, used for comparison
Definition
control
Term
Something occuring in nature that we detect through one of our five senses
Definition
observation
Term
A conclusion that we draw based on observations
Definition
inference
Term
What is the unit for work?
Definition
joules
Term
What is the unit for kinetic energy?
Definition
joules
Term
What is the unit for potential energy?
Definition
joules
Term
Which of Newton's Laws states an object maintains its state of motion unless acted on by an outside force?
Definition

1st law

Term
Which of Newton's laws expresses the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
Definition
Newton's second law
Term
What word represents the resistance of an object to changes in motion?
Definition
inertia
Term
What property of an object is inertia directly related to?
Definition
mass
Term
How are gravity and distance between two objects related?
Definition
inversely, as distance increases, gravity decreases
Term
How are gravity and mass related?
Definition
directly, as mass increases, gravity increases
Term
As a ball rolls down a hill potential energy changes into __________ energy.
Definition
kinetic
Term
Power is the rate at which __________ is done.
Definition
work
Term
What two things keep planets in their elliptical orbits?
Definition
the forward inertia of the planet and the sun's gravity
Term
If a scientist does an experiment and her hypothesis turns out to be wrong can she change her data to make it fit the hypothesis?
Definition
No
Term

Is is okay to modify a hypothesis?

Definition
Yes
Term
Where does nuclear fusion occur?
Definition
In all stars including our sun
Term
What force always opposes motion?
Definition
friction
Term
What number are conversions in the metric system based on?
Definition
10
Term
What are the steps a scientist takes to test a hypothesis called?
Definition
an experiment
Term
If two people are pulling on an wishbone and it eventually breaks, were the forces balanced or unbalanced on the wishbone?
Definition
balanced until it broke, when they became unbalanced the force in one direction was stronger causing it to break
Term
What do we call a push or a pull on an object?
Definition
force
Term
What is a force acting over a distance?
Definition
work
Term
What is the rate of change in velocity over time?
Definition
acceleration
Term

A bug splatters on a windshield.  The bug hitting the windshield is the action force.  What is the reaction force?

Definition
The windshield hitting the bug.
Term
True or false: Mass can be converted into energy
Definition
True
Term
Fusion is when an atomic nucleus ______________________.
Definition
combines with another atomic nucleus
Term
Fission is when an atomic nucleus ______________________.
Definition
splits
Term
If you push on a boulder for a long time with all your strength, but it does not move, have you done any work on the boulder?
Definition
No
Term
What three factors affect the amount of gravitational potential energy and object has?
Definition
the mass of the object, its height above the ground and the acceleration due to gravity
Term
What quantity represents how fast something is going?
Definition
velocity
Term
What three lab situations require the use of goggles?
Definition

use of heat, glassware, or chemicals

Term
What quantity is the product of mass and velocity?
Definition
momentum
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