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| Prosperous civilization on the Aegean island of Crete |
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| Set of syllabic symbols derived from the writing system of the Minoan Crete |
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| An empire extending from Iran to Syria. They used force and terror tactics and exploited the wealth and labor of their subjects. |
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| Foudner of the Persian Empire (Achaemenid) Between 550 and 530 B.C.E he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. |
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| Third Ruler of the Persian Empire (521-486) Crushed the wide-spread initial resistance to his rule. Established a system of provinces and tribute, began construction of Persepolis. |
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| The governor of a province in the Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. Responsible for protection of the province. |
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| A complex of palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by the Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes in the Persian homeland. Home of celebration. |
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| A religion originating in ancient Iran that became the official religion of the Achaemenids (Persia). It centered on a single deity. |
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| The Greek term for city-state, and urban center and the agricultural territory under its control. It was the characteristis form of political organization in southern and central Greece. |
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| A heavily armored Greek infantryman of the Classical periods. |
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| System of government in which all citizens have equal political and legal rights as in the Greek city-state of Athens |
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| Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire. The first major setback for the Persian arms launched the Greeks into their period of greatest cultural productivity. |
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| Greek and Phoenician warship |
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| Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from question of natural science to ethics and human behavior. |
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| A conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek worlds. The war was largely a consequence of Athenian imperialism. |
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| Aristocratic leader whog udied the Athenian State through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens. |
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| developed by the Greeks in the late Archaic period. He came from a Greek community in Anatolia and traveled extensively. |
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| term for the era in which the Greek Culture spread across Western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the great |
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| Semitic-speaking Canaanites living on the coast of modern Lebanon and Syria. |
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| classical Greek philosopher and mathematician, student of Socrates |
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