Term
| The perineum is a diamond-shaped region extending from the ____ to the _____. |
|
Definition
symphysis pubis
tip of the coccyx |
|
|
Term
| The perineum is best examined with the person in the _____ position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The perineum refers to the skin and subcutaneous structures that close the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The perineum boundaries: _______ |
|
Definition
| symphysis pubis, inferior pubic rami, ischial rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, and coccyx |
|
|
Term
| anal triangle posterior to the line joining the ______. |
|
Definition
| midpoints of the two ischial tuberosities |
|
|
Term
| Inferior pelvic aperture is closed except where it transmits: ______ |
|
Definition
| the urethra and the anal canal and vagina in females |
|
|
Term
| The anterior half of the inferior pelvic aperture is closed by the _______ and the posterior half is closed by ______ |
|
Definition
urogenital diaphragm
the levatores ani muscles |
|
|
Term
| Urogenital diaphragm WIKI |
|
Definition
| Older texts have asserted the existence of an urogenital diaphragm, also called the triangular ligament, which was described as a layer of the pelvis that separates the deep perineal sac from the upper pelvis, lying between the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (perineal membrane) and superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
| urogenital diaphragm and the posterior half is closed by the levatores ani muscles (these two muscles, in addition to the ______, form the pelvic diaphragm). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pelvic diaphragm divides the pelvic cavity into two parts: 1) a superior part containing ______ and 2) an inferior part containing _______ |
|
Definition
the pelvic viscera
mainly fat called the ischiorectal fossae. |
|
|
Term
| _____ & _____ muscles form the funnel-shaped pelvic diaphragm. |
|
Definition
| The two levatores ani muscles and the two coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) |
|
|
Term
| The pelvic diaphragm forms the fibromuscular floor of the confluent ______ and supports the contents of the pelvis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The levator ani muscle form most of the floor of the _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The levator ani muscle form separates the pelvic cavity from the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region (including perineum) below. WIKI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The levator ani muscle perforated by: ____ |
|
Definition
| the urethra and anal canal in the male and by the urethra, the vagina and the anal canal in the female. |
|
|
Term
| The levator ani muscle arises from ______ |
|
Definition
| tendinous arch (arcus tendineus) |
|
|
Term
| tendinous arch (arcus tendineus) is formed by _____ |
|
Definition
| formed by a thickening of the parietal pelvic fascia |
|
|
Term
| The levator ani muscle insertion: 1,2,3,4 |
|
Definition
| the two muscles converge from each side and insert into: 1) the perineal body, 2) the wall of the anal canal, 3) the anococcygeal ligament, and 4) the coccyx. |
|
|
Term
| anococcygeal ligament WIKI |
|
Definition
| a fibrous band connecting the posterior fibers of the sphincter of the anus to the coccyx. |
|
|
Term
| Three parts of the levator ani muscle: _____ |
|
Definition
| ubococcygeus, puborectalis and iliococcygeus. |
|
|
Term
| Pubococcygeus arises from the _____ and inserts into the ________ |
|
Definition
pubis
anococcygeal ligament |
|
|
Term
| Anococcygeal ligament is the median fibrous intersection of the _____ muscles from the two sides, located between the _____ & ______. |
|
Definition
pubococcygeus muscles
anal canal and the tip of the coccyx |
|
|
Term
| Pubococcygeus encircles: _____ and merges in the ______. |
|
Definition
the urethra, vagina and anus
perineal body |
|
|
Term
| Puborectalis lies medial to but at a lower level than the _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ loop around the posterior surface of the anorectal junction, forming a U-shaped rectal sling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Puborectalis arises from the ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levator Ani Muscle Innervation _____ |
|
Definition
| Innervation - S3, S4 and the inferior rectal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| coccygeus (______) muscles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levator Ani muscle resists: ______ |
|
Definition
| the downward thrust accompanying increases in the intra-abdominal pressure, |
|
|
Term
| Levator Ani muscle ____ the pelvic floor in forced expiration, coughing, vomiting, etc. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levator Ani muscle also raises the _____ over a descending mass of feces, thereby aiding in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ______ holds the anorectal junction forward, _____ defecation when necessary. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ supports most of the weight of the fecal mass, thereby relieving much pressure on the ______. |
|
Definition
anorectal angle
external anal sphincter. |
|
|
Term
| During parturition the levatores ani muscles ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle forms the ______ part of the pelvic diaphragm. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle blends with the _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle origin _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle Innervation ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle Action ______ |
|
Definition
| Action - supports coccyx and pulls it forward. |
|
|
Term
| The coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) muscle Insertion ______ |
|
Definition
| Insertion - fifth sacral vertebra and coccyx. |
|
|
Term
| Anal triangle bounded posteriorly by the ______ and anteriorly by the ______. |
|
Definition
tip of the coccyx
line joining the ischial tuberosities |
|
|
Term
| anal triangle is related posterolaterally to the _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Anal Triangle contains: ______ |
|
Definition
| the anal orifice or anus, the external anal sphincter that surrounds the anal canal, and the ischiorectal fossae. |
|
|
Term
| ______ is the terminal part of the large intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The anorectal junction is created by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anal canal is surrounded by: _____ |
|
Definition
internal and external anal sphincters
levatores ani muscles |
|
|
Term
| Superior half of the Anal Canal (above the ______) characterized by ______. |
|
Definition
pectinate line
anal columns |
|
|
Term
| Superior half of the Anal Canal is where the _____ of the _____ system anastomose with _____veins of the _____ system. |
|
Definition
| superior rectal veins of the portal system anastomose with the middle and inferior rectal veins of the caval system |
|
|
Term
| The superior rectal veins of the portal system anastomose with the middle and inferior rectal veins of the caval system form a plexus whose enlargement results in ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Enlargement of the venous plexus surrounding the Superior Half of the Anal Canal results in ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Superior ends of the anal columns indicate the _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inferior ends of the anal columns are united by ______, which form a series of _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Developmentally, Pectinate line represents the _____ junction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Anal Valves WIKI
The rectal sinuses end in small valve-like folds, termed anal valves, which join together the lower ends of the rectal columns. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inferior comb-shaped limit of the anal valves is the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal hemorrhoids are formed ____ the pectinate line and are varicosities in the tributaries of the ______. |
|
Definition
above
superior rectal vein |
|
|
Term
| External hemorrhoids are formed ____ the pectinate line and are by definition varicosities in the tributaries of the _______. |
|
Definition
below
inferior rectal vein. |
|
|
Term
| Internal anal sphincter, involuntary or voluntary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| External anal sphincter, involuntary or voluntary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal anal sphincter is continuation of ______. |
|
Definition
| inner circular layer of muscle |
|
|
Term
| External anal sphincter consists of three parts: _____ |
|
Definition
Subcutaneous
Superficial
Deep |
|
|
Term
| The perianal skin is thrown into radiating folds by _______, giving it a characteristic puckered appearance |
|
Definition
| Subcutaneous layer of External anal sphincter |
|
|
Term
| Actions of the sphincters is to close and anus and draw anal canal _____, thereby _____ |
|
Definition
Forward
Increasing the anorectal angle |
|
|
Term
| The internal sphincter is involuntary, it is contracted in response to _____ (via _______), but relaxes in response to ________ ( via _______) |
|
Definition
sympathetic fibers (via hypogastric plexus)
parasympathetic stimulation (pelvic splanchnic nerves) |
|
|
Term
| The external sphincter is voluntary and is innervated by _______. |
|
Definition
| inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve |
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa is a large wedge-shaped, fascia-lined space that lies on _______. |
|
Definition
| each side of the anal canal. |
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa is located between ____ & ______. |
|
Definition
| the skin of the anal region and the pelvic diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa is filled with _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa two sides communicate with each other over the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa is filled with ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa boundaries: _____ |
|
Definition
| bounded laterally by the ischium and the inferior part of the obturator internus and medially by the rectum and anal canal; posteriorly by the sacrotuberous ligament and the overlying gluteus maximum muscle; and anteriorly by the base of the urogenital diaphragm and its fasciae. |
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa fat supports _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ischiorectal fossa contains: ______ |
|
Definition
| Fat, internal pudendal vessels and the pudendal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| Internal pudendal vessels and the pudendal nerve far posteriorly these vessels and the nerve give off _______ |
|
Definition
| the inferior rectal vessels and nerve |
|
|
Term
| inferior rectal vessels and nerve pass forward and ____ through the _____ on their way to the anal region. |
|
Definition
medially
ischiorectal fossa |
|
|
Term
| Pudendal canal fibrous tunnel on the ____ wall of the ischiorectal fossa through which the pudendal vessels and the pudendal nerve pass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are _____ structures at the posterior end of the canal: ______ |
|
Definition
Three
Internal pudendal artery, Internal pudendal vein, Pudendal nerve |
|
|
Term
| _____ supplies most of the innervation to the perineum; |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Toward the end of the canal, the pudendal nerve splits to form the ____ & ____. |
|
Definition
| dorsal nerve of the penis (or clitoris) and the perineal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| Perineal fascia consists of two sheets: ________ |
|
Definition
| 1) the inferior and 2) the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The fascia of perineum (or Gallaudet fascia or deep perineal fascia) is the Terminologia Anatomica term for the fascia which covers the muscles of the superficial perineal pouch. The muscles surrounded by the deep perineal fascia are the bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, and superficial transverse perineal. The fascia is attached laterally to the ischiopubic rami and fused anteriorly with the suspensory ligament of the penis or clitoris. It is continuous anteriorly with the deep investing fascia of the abdominal wall muscles, and in males, it is continuous with Buck's fascia. |
|
|
Term
| ____ fascia of the urogenital diaphragm is indistinct. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (or _____) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Superficial perineal fascia (_____) |
|
Definition
| formerly called Colles’ fascia and not to be confused with the inferior and the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
| _____ surrounds constrictor urethrae |
|
Definition
| Fascia of the Urogenital Diaphragm (Superior and Inferior) |
|
|
Term
| Superficial perineal fascia is continuous with the membranous layer of the ________ |
|
Definition
| subcutaneous connective tissue of the lower anterior abdominal wall (formerly called Scarpa’s fascia) |
|
|
Term
| superficial perineal fascia WIKI |
|
Definition
| The subcutaneous tissue of perineum (or superficial perineal fascia) is a layer of subcutaneous tissue surrounding the region of the perineal body. |
|
|
Term
| The superficial perineal fascia is attached to: _______ |
|
Definition
Fascia lata enveloping the muscles of the thigh.
Pubic arch.
The base of the perineal membrane. |
|
|
Term
| Perineal membrane is superior border of the ______, and the inferior border of the _________. |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch
deep perineal pouch |
|
|
Term
| Sphincter urethrae muscle is composed of _____ muscle fibers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Superficial perineal space or pouch is fascial space between _______ & _____ |
|
Definition
| the superficial perineal fascia and the perineal membrane (or inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm). |
|
|
Term
| The deep layer of superficial fascia (_____) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deep perineal space or pouch is the fascial space enclosed by ____ & _____ |
|
Definition
| the superior and inferior fasciae of the urogenital diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
| Urogenital diaphragm is is a thin sheet of ____ muscle stretching between the two sides of the _____, which is formed by the _______ |
|
Definition
striated
pelvic arch
converging ischiopubic rami |
|
|
Term
| The sphincter urethrae encircles the ______ in the male where it acts like a _____. |
|
Definition
membranous urethra
true sphincter |
|
|
Term
| Sphincter urethrae muscle is a _____ sphincter in the female as it invests the anterior surface of the urethra. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sphincter urethrae muscle innervation _____ |
|
Definition
| Nerve supply - perineal branch of pudendal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| Sphincter urethrae muscle action |
|
Definition
| Action - contricts urethra. This is a voluntary sphincter of the urethra. |
|
|
Term
| Sphincter urethrae muscle voluntary or involuntary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The perineal body (or ______) |
|
Definition
| central tendon of perineum |
|
|
Term
| deep transverse perinei muscle (_____) |
|
Definition
| (deep transverse perineal muscle) |
|
|
Term
| Deep transverse perineal muscle fibers lie ____ to the urethra. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deep transverse perineal muscle innervation ______ |
|
Definition
| Nerve supply - perineal branch of pudendal (S2, S3, and S4) |
|
|
Term
| Deep transverse perineal muscl Actions |
|
Definition
| steadies central perineal tendon (perineal body), thereby contributing to the supportive role of the perineum |
|
|
Term
| _____ is the landmark of the perineum |
|
Definition
| perineal body (Central perineal tendon) |
|
|
Term
| Perineal body is a ____ node. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Perineal body is fibromuscular node is a small wedge-shaped mass of fibrous tissue located at _________. |
|
Definition
| the center of the perineum |
|
|
Term
| Perineal body indicates where the urorectal septum divided the _____ in the embryo during partitioning of the cloaca into the ____ & _____. |
|
Definition
cloacal membrane
rectum and the urogenital sinus |
|
|
Term
| Structures in the MALE superficial perineal space: _______ |
|
Definition
| root of the penis and the muscles associated with this organ, the proximal part of the spongy urethra, and branches of the internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerves. |
|
|
Term
| superficial perineal space is the fascial space between the ____ & _____ |
|
Definition
| superficial perineal fascia (Colles’ fascia) and the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (perineal membrane) |
|
|
Term
| Structures in the MALE deep perineal space: ______ |
|
Definition
| sphincter urethrae and the deep transverse perinei muscles, the bulbourethral glands and the membranous urethra. |
|
|
Term
| Deep perineal space is the fascial space enclosed by _____ & ______ |
|
Definition
| the superior and inferior fasciae of the urogenital diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
| Scrotum formed by by the fusion of the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dartos muscle is attached firmly to the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dartos muscle consists largely of ____ muscle fibers which contract under the influence of: _______. |
|
Definition
smooth
cold, exercise, and sexual stimulation. |
|
|
Term
| Blood supply of scrotum is via the _____ along with branches of the testicular and cremasteric arteries. |
|
Definition
| external pudendal arteries and internal pudendal arteries |
|
|
Term
| Nerve supply of the anterior part of the scrotum is supplied by the _____ nerve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| posterior part of the scrotum is innervated by: ______ |
|
Definition
| the medial and lateral scrotal branches of the perineal nerve and by the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve. |
|
|
Term
| scrotum drains into _____ |
|
Definition
| superficial inguinal lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| Penis is composed of ____ cylindrical bodies that are bound together by loose connective tissue called ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Corpora Cavernosa Penis separate to form _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Corpora Cavernosa Penis are arranged side by side in the ____ part of the organ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Corpus spongiosum penis (_______) |
|
Definition
| (corpus cavernosum urethra) |
|
|
Term
| The corpus spongiosum penis (corpus cavernosum urethra) lies ____ in the median plane. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Root of the penis located in the _____ space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The root of the penis consists of _____, all of which are located in the superficial perineal space. |
|
Definition
| of the two crura, the bulb of the penis and the muscles associated with them |
|
|
Term
| Bulb of the penis is located between the ____ in the ____ perineal space. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pen·du·lous/ˈpenjələs/
Adjective:
Hanging down loosely |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Penile raphe indicates where the ____ fused during the ____ period |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The median penile raphe on its ____ surface is continuous with the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glans penis is the concavity of which covers the free blunt ends of the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The prominent margin of the glans penis is called the _____ of the glans. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The foreskin, which surrounds and protects the head of the penis
The clitoral hood, which surrounds and protects the head of the clitoris |
|
|
Term
| Prepuce of the male is the skin and fasciae of the penis are prolonged as a _____ |
|
Definition
| free fold or double layer of skin. |
|
|
Term
| Frenulum of the prepuce is a median fold which passes from the ____ of the prepuce to a point just below the ______. |
|
Definition
deep layer
external urethral orifice |
|
|
Term
| The weight of the body of the penis is supported by two ligaments: _______ |
|
Definition
Fundiform ligament (superficial)
Suspensory ligament (deep) |
|
|
Term
| Fundiform ligament superficial or deep? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suspensory ligament superficial or deep? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fundiform ligament (superficial) - arises from the inferior part of the _____ and splits into two parts which pass on each side of the penis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fundiform ligament (superficial) is the extensive thickening of _____ firmly attached to the ______. |
|
Definition
Scarpa’s fascia
rectus sheath |
|
|
Term
| Suspensory ligament (deep) is a condensation of _______ fascia in the form of a thick, _____ shaped fibroelastic band. |
|
Definition
external investing deep
triangular |
|
|
Term
| Suspensory ligament (deep) arises from the ________. |
|
Definition
| anterior surface of the symphysis pubis. |
|
|
Term
| Cavernous erectile tissue consisting of interlacing and intercommunicating cavernous spaces, which are separated by _______ and are filled with blood during an erection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Principal arteries of the penis: _____. |
|
Definition
Dorsal arteries
Deep arteries |
|
|
Term
| Dorsal arteries run ______ on each side of the ______. |
|
Definition
in the interval between the corpora cavernosa penis
deep dorsal vein |
|
|
Term
| Deep arteries of the penis run _____. |
|
Definition
| within each of the corpora cavernosa penis. |
|
|
Term
| The dorsal and deep arteries of the penis are branches of ______, which arise in the pelvis as branches of the ______. |
|
Definition
internal pudendal arteries
internal iliac arteries |
|
|
Term
| ______ are the principal vessels that supply the cavernous spaces and that are involved in an erection. |
|
Definition
| The deep arteries of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A venule is a very small blood vessel in the microcirculation that allows blood to return from the capillary beds to the larger blood vessels called veins. |
|
|
Term
| Plexus of venules of the penis located in the ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tunica albuginea (penis), the tough fibrous layer of connective tissue that surrounds the corpora cavernosa of the penis
Tunica albuginea (testicles), a layer of connective tissue covering the testicles |
|
|
Term
| Tunica albuginea (penis) WIKI |
|
Definition
| The tunica albuginea is the fibrous envelope of the corpora cavernosa penis |
|
|
Term
| Tunica albuginea of testis WIKI |
|
Definition
| Tunica albuginea of testis is the fibrous covering of the testis. It is covered by the tunica vaginalis, except at the points of attachment of the epididymis to the testis, and along its posterior border, where the spermatic vessels enter the gland. |
|
|
Term
| Plexus of venules of the Penis drains blood from the _______ into the _______. |
|
Definition
cavernous spaces
deep dorsal vein of the penis. |
|
|
Term
| deep dorsal vein of the penis runs in between |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dorsal Nerve of the Penis arises in the ______ and passes forward into the ____ perineal space. |
|
Definition
pudendal canal
deep (It runs below the deep penile fascia, above the tunica albuginea fascia of the corpus cavernosum penis) |
|
|
Term
| The _____ nerve supplies all ____ of the superficial perineal muscles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| three of the superficial perineal muscles: ______ |
|
Definition
Superficial transverse perineal muscles
Bulbospongiosus muscle
Ischiocavernosus muscles |
|
|
Term
| Superficial transverse perineal muscles extends from the ____ to ____ |
|
Definition
| ischial tuberosity to the perineal body. |
|
|
Term
| Bulbospongiosus muscle consists of two symmetrical parts that are united by a ____ below the ____. |
|
Definition
median tendinous raphe
bulb of the penis. |
|
|
Term
| The bulbospongiosus arises from the ___ & ____. |
|
Definition
| median raphe and the perineal body. |
|
|
Term
| _____ force blood from the cavernous spaces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erection parasympathetic or sympathetic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In an Erection smooth muscle in ___ & ____ relax in response to parasympathetic stimulation (____ spinal nerves via pudendal vessels). |
|
Definition
fibrous trabeculae and helicine arteries
S2-S4 |
|
|
Term
| In an erection arteries ____ and their lumina ____ allowing blood to ______, blood engorges and dilates these spaces (hemodynamic organ) |
|
Definition
straighten
enlarge
flow into the cavernous spaces |
|
|
Term
| In an Erection _________ & _____ muscles compress the venous plexuses at the periphery of the corpora and impede the return of venous blood (parasympathetic) |
|
Definition
| Bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus |
|
|
Term
| Ejaculation consists of two phases: ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Emission parasympathetic or sympathetic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ejaculation parasympathetic or sympathetic? |
|
Definition
| ejaculation (parasympathetic) |
|
|
Term
| Emission of sperms into the urethra follows reflex peristalsis in the _______ and contraction of the smooth muscle in the _____(sympathetic; via _____ spinal nerves) |
|
Definition
deferent ducts and seminal vesicles
prostate
L1-L2 |
|
|
Term
| ejaculation (expulsion of semen) is associated with clonic spasm of the ______ (parasympathetic) and contraction of _____ muscle |
|
Definition
bulbospongiosus muscles
urethral |
|
|
Term
| Orgasm is a massive ______ discharge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a collective name for the female external genital organs |
|
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Term
| The vulva comprises the: _____ |
|
Definition
| mons pubis, the labia majora, the labia minora, the vestibule of the vagina, the clitoris, the bulb of the vestibule, and the greater vestibular glands. |
|
|
Term
| Embryologically, the labia majora are homologous to the ____ of the male. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pudendal cleft is the opening between the ____ into which the ____ of the vagina opens. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The round ligament of the uterus passes through the ____ and enters the ____ where it ends as a branching band of fascia that is attached to the skin. |
|
Definition
inguinal canal
labium majus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. The round ligament leaves the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring[2], passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora[3] where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis |
|
|
Term
| _____ are located in the vestibule of the vagina |
|
Definition
| The orifices of the urethra, the vagina, and the ducts of the greater vestibular glands are located in the vestibule of the vagina. |
|
|
Term
| On each side of the _____ are the openings of the paraurethral glands (Skene’s ducts or glands). |
|
Definition
| External urethral orifice |
|
|
Term
| paraurethral glands (Skene’s ducts or glands) WIKI |
|
Definition
| , the Skene's \ˈskēnz-\ glands (also known as the lesser vestibular glands, periurethral glands, skene glands, paraurethral glands,[1] female prostate) are glands located on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra. They drain into the urethra and near the urethral opening and may be near or a part of the G-Spot. These glands are surrounded with tissue (which includes the part of the clitoris) that reaches up inside the vagina and swells with blood during sexual arousal. |
|
|
Term
| Greater vestibular glands are located _____ |
|
Definition
| on each side of the vestibule |
|
|
Term
| Bartholin's gland (greater vestibular glands) are homologous to ____ in males |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bartholin's gland (greater vestibular glands) |
|
Definition
| The Bartholin's glands (also called Bartholin glands or greater vestibular glands) are two glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina. They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males. However, while Bartholin's glands are located in the superficial perineal pouch in females, bulbourethral glands are located in the deep perineal pouch in males. |
|
|
Term
| bulbourethral glands are located in ____ pouch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bartholin's gland (greater vestibular glands) are located in ____ pouch |
|
Definition
| superficial perineal pouch |
|
|
Term
| Lesser vestibular glands located on each side of the vestibule which open _____ |
|
Definition
| on each side between the urethral and vaginal orifices |
|
|
Term
| Clitoris is composed of _____ and is capable of ______. |
|
Definition
erectile tissue
enlargement |
|
|
Term
| The clitoris has no ______ and is entirely separate from the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| n female human anatomy, the clitoral hood, (also called preputium clitoridis and clitoral prepuce), is a fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoral glans. It develops as part of the labia minora and is homologous with the foreskin (equally called prepuce) in male genitals. |
|
|
Term
| Clitoris Prepuce parts of the _____ passing ______to the clitoris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clitoris Frenulum parts of the _____ passing ____to the clitoris |
|
Definition
| parts of the labia minora passing posterior to the clitoris |
|
|
Term
| Bulbs of the vestibule consists of ______, about 3 cm. in length, lying along the sides of the vaginal orifice deep in the _____ muscle. |
|
Definition
two elongated masses of erectile tissue
bulbospongiosus |
|
|
Term
| Bulbs of the vestibule posterior ends are in contact with the ______. |
|
Definition
| greater vestibular glands. |
|
|
Term
| Structures in the superficial perineal space in females: ______ |
|
Definition
| superficial transverse perinei, the ischiocavernosus, the bulbospongiosus muscles, and the greater vestibular glands. |
|
|
Term
| Greater vestibular glands (two: ___ & ____) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Greater vestibular glands one on each side just ____ to the bulb of the vestibule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The greater vestibular glands are homologous with the ______ of the male |
|
Definition
| bulbourethral glands of the male |
|
|
Term
| Deep fascial space of females contains: ______ |
|
Definition
| urethra, the inferior part of the vagina, and the deep transverse perinei muscles. |
|
|
Term
| Deep fascial space is enclosed by the ____ and ______. |
|
Definition
| the superior and inferior fasciae of the urogenital diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| Female external genitalia receive a rich arterial supply from two _____ and one ______ on each side. |
|
Definition
external pudendal arteries
internal pudendal artery |
|
|
Term
| The labial arteries are branches of the ______ artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nerves to the vulva are branches of :_______ |
|
Definition
| the ilioinguinal nerve, the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve, the perineal branch of the femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh and the perineal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| The labial veins are tributaries of the _____ and venae comitantes of the _______ |
|
Definition
internal pudendal veins
internal pudendal artery |
|
|
Term
| Vena comitans is Latin for accompanying vein WIKI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Structures passing through the greater sciatic foramen: _______ |
|
Definition
sciatic nerve
piriformis muscle
inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
superior gluteal nerve and vessels
pudendal nerve and vessels
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus muscles
nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus muscles |
|
|
Term
| Structures passing through the lesser sciatic foramen: ______ |
|
Definition
tendon of obturator internus muscle
*pudendal nerve
*internal pudendal vessels
*nerve to obturator internus
*structures that pass through both the greater and the lesser sciatic foramen |
|
|
Term
| Structures that are attached to the perineal body: ______ |
|
Definition
posterior wall of vagina
pubococcygeus portion of levator ani muscle
superficial transverse perineal muscles
deep transverse perineal muscles
external anal sphincter (according to Snell only superficial part; according to Grey’s Anatomy all three parts - subcutaneous, superficial and deep)
bulbospongiosus muscle
perineal membrane |
|
|
Term
| Lymphatic drainage into superficial inguinal nodes: _______ |
|
Definition
lowest part of oviduct
vagina below hymen
anal canal inferior to pectinate line
scrotum (labia majora)
skin and most of penis (clitoris) |
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