Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
deep fascia of penis
continuous with perineal membrane
encases corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum (binds them together) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membranous layer of superficial fascia in urogenital triangle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
superficial fascia of penis, surrounds
posteriorly continuous with Colle's fascia
anteriorly continuous with Scarpa's fascia of abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tubal/ovarian branches from uterien and ovarian arteries
forms an anastomosis between the ovarian and uterine arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anesthesia for childbirht
spinal anesthesia introducded into subarachnoide space at L3/L4 level
anesthetizes structures approx. from waist down
perineum, pelvic diaphragm, birth canal, subperitoneal structure and lower limbs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
total abdominal hysterectomy-bilateral-salpingo-oophorectomy
removal of uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries |
|
|
Term
| accessory obturator artery |
|
Definition
arises from inferior epigastric artery in 20% of population
course through obturator canal
anastomosis of inferior epigastric and obturator artereis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
socket of ball-and-socket joint
concave surface of the pelvis
where pelvis and femurs articulate to form the hip joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
on eitehr side of sacra base
large triagnle surface seen from superior
continuous with iliac fossa |
|
|
Term
| ampulla (of uterine tubes) |
|
Definition
dilated portion of the uterine tube between infundibulum and isthmus
fertilization usually occurs here |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| terminal portion of vas that converges with the ducts of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory ducts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extends from anorectal junction to anus
about 4 cm
surrounded by/consists of levator ani mm., anal columns, pudendal canals puborectalis mm, internal anal sphincter, pectinate line, pecten, perianal skin, intersphincteric grove |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5-10 longitudinal folds of mucosa
contain a small artery and vein (terminal branches of superior rectal)
superior ends of anal columns marks the anorectal junction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
recesses between and at the base anal columns
where anal glands open into anal canal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
boundaries: sacrotuberous ligaments, coccyx, imaginary line that spans between the two ischial tuberosities
contains: external anal sphincter, pudendal canal, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal artery, internal pupdendal vein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| folds connecting the lower ends of the anal columns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
where right and left levator ani mm. meet-up
contains anal aperture to coccyx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arise from coccygeal plexus (S4-Co)
sensory to skin posterior to anus |
|
|
Term
| anterior division of internal iliac |
|
Definition
| inferior gluteal a, umbilical a, superior vesical aa, obturator a, inferior vesical a, middle rectal a, internal pudendal a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| site of attachment for gluteus minimis |
|
|
Term
| anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) |
|
Definition
| bony eminence on the anterior border of the wing of the ilium |
|
|
Term
anterior lobe (isthmus)
of prostate |
|
Definition
anatomical division
devoid of glandular substance
made of fibrous tissue and smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| anterior longitudinal ligament |
|
Definition
lines the anterior side of the vertebral bodies
helps to keep L5 from slipping forward in the pelvic region |
|
|
Term
| anterior medial thigh sensory |
|
Definition
| ilioinguinal, genitofermoral, and genital nerves |
|
|
Term
| anterior recess of ischioanal fossae |
|
Definition
between perineal membrane and pelvic floor
pudendal n. course into these to innervate the more anterior muscles |
|
|
Term
| anterior sacroiliac ligaments |
|
Definition
anterior surface of lateral sacrum to the margin of the auricular surface of the ilium
secure the sacrum to each ilium |
|
|
Term
| anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) |
|
Definition
bony projection of the iliac bone
anterior termination of the iliac crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positioned between urinary bladder and cervix |
|
|
Term
| anterior/posterior labial commissures |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
where the left and right labia majora converge anteriorly and posteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| points toward pubic symphysis and from it extends the obliterated urachus |
|
|
Term
| arcuate line of the ilium |
|
Definition
smooth rounded border on internal surface of ilium
immediately inferior to iliac fossa
divides upper ilium from body of ilium
continuous with pectineal line of pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka inferior pubic ligament
thick, triangular arch of ligament
fibers intertwine with fibrocartilaginous disk |
|
|
Term
| artery of vestibular bulb (female) |
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal a.
supplies bulb of vestibule and greater vestibular glands |
|
|
Term
| articular surface of ilium |
|
Definition
| where sacrum and ilium articulate |
|
|
Term
| bening prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) |
|
Definition
enlargement of periurethral/transitional zone of prostate
can cause urethral obstruction
occurs in 50% of men over 50
present with nocturia, dysuria, urgency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superior and inferior vesical aa. in males
superior vesical and vaginal aa. in females
vesical venous plexus in both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
portion of ilium inferior the arcuate
is in contact with pubis and ischium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enters into and constitutes about 2/5ths of acetabulum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wide, strong, medial, flat portion of pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region betweenn apex and fundus; relatively unbound to other internal surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
upper 2/3rds of uterus
vesical surface rests against the urinary bladder
intestinal surface is adjacent to small bowel |
|
|
Term
| broad ligament (of uterus) |
|
Definition
made of two layers of peritoneum and extends from uterus to lateral walls and floor of pelvis
composed of three sections: mesometrium, mesovarium, mesosalpinx |
|
|
Term
| bulbospongiosus mm. (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
origin: perineal body
insert: clitoris anterior to ischiocavernosus
nerve: deep perineal (S2-S4)
function: support and fix perineal body, act as vaginal sphincter, assist in erection of clitoris, compress vestibular glands |
|
|
Term
| bulbospongiosus mm. (male) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
origin: perineal body
insert: corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa
nerve: deep perineal (S2-S4)
fucntion: compress bulb of penis during urination, rapid contract to eject semen during ejaculation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
male deep perineal pouch
aka Cowper's glands
small, pea shaped mucous glands
positioned lateral to membranous urethra
secrete pre-ejaculate that lubricates urethra and neutralizes traces of acidic urine
ducts open into proximal penile urethra at base of penis
peirce perineal membrane to reach penis |
|
|
Term
cauda equina syndrome
(etiology, symptoms) |
|
Definition
loss of lumbosacral plexus
weakness of lower limb muscles
sciatic nerve pain
urinary retention
fecal incontinence
cutaneous perineal numbness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clinical division
suuround the ejactulatory ducts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extends from external os (inferior) to internal os (superior) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cylindrical neck composing inferior 1/3rd
protrudes into the vagina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
foreskin that covers glans penis is surgically removed
approx. 65% of boys in the U.S.
reduces risk of infection and STDs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
female erectile organ
crura and body are corpora cavernosa
crura separate at deep section of body and attach to ischiopubic rami
small suspensory ligament extends from pubic symphysis to body of clitoris
glans is external visible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: apex of ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament
insert: margin of coccyx, lowest sacrum
nerve: S4, S5
function: pulls coccyx forward after defecation, closes back part of pelvic outlet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tailbone
final segment of vertebral column
3-5 fused vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bifurcation of of abdominal aorta at L4 into left and right branches
give rise to external and iliac arteries at L5/S1 level |
|
|
Term
| compressor urethrae (female) |
|
Definition
female deep perineal pouch
origin: isciopubic ramus
insert: opposite side m. forming flat, band-like tendinous raphe around anterior urethra
nerve: perineal branch of pudendal (S2-S4)
function: accessory urethral sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the glans that overhanges theneck of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
paired, sponge-like erectile tissue
have crura (lateral extensions attached to the ischiopubic rami |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
provides connection between the inferior gluteal and circumflex femoral arteries
collateral supply to lower limb |
|
|
Term
| crura of corpora cavernosa |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
formed with corpora cavernosa separate at root of penis
anchor penis to ischiopubic rami |
|
|
Term
| deep branch of perineal nerve (male) |
|
Definition
innervates superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus and constrictor urethrae mm.
gives rise to the nerve to the bulb |
|
|
Term
| deep branch of perineal nerve (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
branch of perineal branch of pudendal
supplies vaginal orifice and mm. of superficial and deep perineal pouches
innervates skin of vestibule and mucosa of inferior vaginia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal artery
supplies crura and corpora cavernosa (responsible for engorgement during arousal) |
|
|
Term
| deep dorsal vein of clitoris |
|
Definition
| runs in slit between arcuate ligament and perineal membrane |
|
|
Term
| deep dorsal vein of penis |
|
Definition
drains cavernosus spaces through and ornate venous plexus
cources inferior to pubic symphysis to enter the pelvic cavity near arcuate ligmanet through a hole left by the perineal membrane
dumps to prostatic venous plexus |
|
|
Term
| deep penile artery (male) |
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal artery
run longitudinally through the center of each corpus cavernosum
pierces inferior fascia of UG diaphragm
give rise to helicine arteries of penis |
|
|
Term
| deep perineal nerve (male) |
|
Definition
terminal branch of perineal nerve
innervates mm. of deep and superficial perineal pouch in males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
begins at perineal membrane and extends deeper to pelvic diaphragm (superior layer of fascia of UG diaphragm)
very thin area (esp. compared to superficial pouch) |
|
|
Term
| deep transverse perineal mm. (female) |
|
Definition
female deep perineal pouch
origin: ischial ramus
insert: perineal body
nerve: perineal branch of pudendal (S2-S4)
function: stabilizes perineal body, resist increase in intra-abdominal pressure |
|
|
Term
| deep transverse perineal mm. (male) |
|
Definition
male deep perineal pouch
origin: inferior ischial rami
insert: opposite side m.
nerve: deep perineal (S2-S4)
function: stabilize perineal body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
composes the walls of urinary bladder
aids urination
gives internal empty bladder a convoluted, folded topology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extends from inferior pubic ligament to promontary
can be measured in physical exam
fixed diameter - relaxin will not help widen |
|
|
Term
| disruption of perineal body |
|
Definition
childbirth can cause stretching or tearing of muscle attachments to perineal body
compromises support of pelvic floor
can result in prolapse of pelvic organs
requires surgical repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal a.
supplies the glans clitoris |
|
|
Term
| dorsal nerve of penis (male) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
deepest branch of pudendal nerve
innervates corpora cavernosa, Buck's fascia glans penis (sensory)
laterally flanks deep dorsal vein |
|
|
Term
| dorsal nerve of the clitoris (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
branch of pudendal nerve
innervates glans clitoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
semen expelled through external urethral orifice
sympathetic control
internal urethral sphincter closes at neck of urinary bladder (L1-L2 symp)
bulbospongiosus rhythmically contracts expelling semen from the penile urethra
external urethral sphincter dilates (S2-S4 parasymp) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
formed by union of vas deferens and ducts of seminal vesicles
open into the prostatic urethra at the seminal colliculus
transmit sperm and semen mixture to urethra for ejactulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sperm migrate from testes and epididymus to prostatic urethra
sympathetic control
smooth m. of epididymal ducts and vas contract in peristaltic fashion propelling spermatozoa toward urethra
fluid from seminal vesicles and prostate mix with spermatozoa forming semen
bulbourethral glands secrete pre-ejaculate that lubricates penile urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
innermost layer of uterine wall
mucosal lining
blastocyst implants in this layer after fertilization (usually supero/anterior wall)
absence of blastocyst implantation causes this layer to shed during menstruation (hormone induced) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
surgical incision of perineum and inferoposterior vaginal wall
made to enlarge the vagina orifice
decreases excessive trauma to pelvic diaphragm during birth
performed in over 50% of vaginal deliveries
midline incision or mediolateral incision (spares anal sphincter) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
penis becomes turgid and erect
parasympathetic from S2-S4 through prostatic nerve plexus
relaxation of smooth mm. in helicien aa. leads to dilation and straightening of aa.
cavernosus spaces of corpora cavernosa and corpus sphongiosum dilate (engorge with blood)
ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus diminish venous return from deep dorsal penile vein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
opening at the mouth of the cervix
communicates with cervical canal above and vaginal lumen below |
|
|
Term
external anal sphincter
(origin, insert, nerve, action, blood) |
|
Definition
origin: perineal body
insert: coccyx via anococcygeal raphe
nerve: inferior rectal (S4)
action: clase anal canal and orifice
blood: inferior rectal aa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dilated veins below the pectinate lines
covered by skin
more painful because pain fibers through GVA of inferior rectal nerves |
|
|
Term
| external pudendal artery (male) |
|
Definition
branch of femoral artery
supplies anterior scrotum and skin of penis |
|
|
Term
| external urethral orifice (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
lies within the vestibule between external glans clitoris (anterior) and vaginal orifice (posterior) |
|
|
Term
| external urethral sphincter (female) |
|
Definition
female deep perineal pouch
origin: internal surface of inferior pubic ramus
insert: anterior wall of vagina
nerve: perineal branch of pudendal (S2-S4)
function: compresses urethra to maintain urinary continence |
|
|
Term
| external urethral sphincter (male) |
|
Definition
male deep perineal pouch
origin: ischiopubic ramus (R)
insert: ischiopubic ramus (L), wraps around membranous urethra
nerve: dorsal nerve of the penis (S2-S4)
function: compress the membranous urethra to maintain urinary continence (relax to urinate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
greater pevlis
part of abdomen
separated from true by oblique plane that extends from sacral promontory to pubic tubercles
ilium protects abdominal contents here |
|
|
Term
| female deep perineal pouch |
|
Definition
| contains: external urethral sphincter, sphincter urethrovaginalis, compressor urethrae, deep transverse perineal mm. |
|
|
Term
| female pelvis characteristics |
|
Definition
circular/oval pelvic inlet
subpubic angle >80*
ischial spines are more rounded and less prominent
shallow (short) pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
| female peritoneum reflection pathway |
|
Definition
anterior abdominal wall
superior to pubic bone
superior surface of urinary bladder
(vesico-uterine pouch)
mid-uterus
fundus and body of uterus
(recto-uterine pouch)
anterior/lateral rectum
sigmoid mesocolon
posterior abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
short, only about 4cm
runs from internal urethral orifice (bladder) to external urethral orifice (vestibule)
does not have internal urethral sphincter
supplied by internal pudendal a. and vaginala aa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
on the under-surface of glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
finger-like projections atdistal end of infundibulum
sweep ejected oocytes into uterine tubes |
|
|
Term
| fundiform ligament of penis |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
thickening of Scarpa's fascia
made of collagen and elastic fibers
additional support for penis
slings around body of penis |
|
|
Term
| fundus of urinary bladder |
|
Definition
| dome-shaped part opposite the apex (posterior) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rounded dome-like portion above the uterotubal junction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
receives afferent pain fibers from perineum, distal rectum anus, distal urethra, vulva, and distal 1/3 of vagina
alleviates pain from these regions
needle into sacral coccygeal joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka coccygeal ganglion
convergence of right and left sacral sympathetic trunks
converge anterior to coccyx |
|
|
Term
| genital branch nerve (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
branch of genitofemoral branch from lumbar plexus
innervates mons pubis and anterior portion of labia (minora and majora) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
external visible portion of the clitoris
erectile tissue in female
highly innervates by dorsal nerve of the clitoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expansion of corpus spongiosum, head of penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
external, posterior surface of ilium
convex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bounded by greater sciatic notch of ilium, sactrotuberous ligament, and anterior sacroiliac ligament
contains piriformis, superior and inferior gluteal vessels and nerves, pudendal n., sciatic n., posterior femoral cutaneous n, n. to obturator, n. to quadrator femoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superior to ischial spine
concavity formed by concavity of coxal bones |
|
|
Term
greater vestibular glands
(Barholin's glands) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
ducts open within the vestibule on each side of vaginal orifice
lie postero-laterally to vaginal orifice
partially overlapped by vestibular bulbs internally
secrete lubricant mucus into vestibule during sexual arousal |
|
|
Term
| helicine arteries of penis (male) |
|
Definition
branches of deep penile arteries
open directly into cavernous (sinus) spaces of erectile tissue
remain coiled when penis is flaccid and elongate during erection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
ring-like fold of memebrane that partitions or completely covers the vaginal orifice in adolescents/sexually abstinent women
rupture indicates coitus or injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bifurcations of superior hypogastric plexus
purely sympathetic nerve fibers (pre- and post-ganglionic)
fibers from T10-L2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of uterus; 2nd most common surgery in women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of iliolumbar artery
supplies m. in iliac fossa (iliacis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superior border of the wing of the ilium
superolateral margin of greater pelvis
common site for muscle attachment for back, pelvis, and lower limb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
large, smooth concave surface
internal surface of the ilium
filled by iliacus m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: (ilium) fascia of obturator internus
insert: coccyx:
VPR S4, pudendal
blood: inferior gluteal a.
posterior-most of levator ani m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of posterior division of int. iliac
gives rise to iliac and lumbar branches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
strong ligament passing from tip of L5 transverse process to posterior inner lip of iliac crest
helps prevent L5 from slipping forward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery
courses posteriorly between S2/S3
supplies buttocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises from sacral plexus: L5-S2
supplies gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
| inferior hypogastric plexus |
|
Definition
contains sympathetic innervation from hypogastric nerves and sacral splanchnic nerves
contain parasympathetic innervation from pelvic splanchnic nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thin and flat, passes laterally and downward from superior ramus
continuous with ramus of ischium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nerve found in anal triangle
branch of pudendal nerve before pudendal canal
innervates external anal sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of ant. division of int. iliac a.
found only in males
supplies inferior bladder, prostate, and seminal glands |
|
|
Term
| infundibulum (of uterine tubes) |
|
Definition
| funnel-shaped distal end of tube that opens via abdominal ostium into the peritoneal cavity |
|
|
Term
| innervation to vas deferens |
|
Definition
sympathetic - superior hypogastric plexus (T10-L2)
parasympathetic - pelvic plexus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thickening of circular smooth muscle
extends from base of rectum to surround the anal canal
innervated: sympathetic (superior rectal and inferior hypogastric plexus maintains tone); parasympathetics (pelvic splanchnic relax sphincter) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dilated veins above pectinate line
pain fibers are GVA carried along parasympathetic (S2-S4)
anus is inferior pelvic pain line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of two branches of common iliac artery on each side
supplies the pelvic viscera, musculoskeletal structures of the pelvis, perineum, and buttocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed by internal narrowing of the isthmus of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of ant. division of internal iliac artery
gives off inferior rectal arteries (after pudendal canal)
exits greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformins, reenters the lesser sciatic foramen, runs in pudendal canal, supplies perineum |
|
|
Term
| internal pudendal artery (male) |
|
Definition
leaves pelvis via greater sciatic foramen, passes between piriformis, and coccygeus m., enters perineum via lesser sciatic foramen, courses in pudendal canal
inferior rectal, perineal, posterior scrotal, artery of the bulb of penis, dorsal artery of penis, and deep artery of penis |
|
|
Term
| internal pudendal artery (female) |
|
Definition
leaves pelvis via greater sciatic foramen, passes between piriformis, and coccygeus m., enters perineum via lesser sciatic foramen, courses in pudendal canal
inferior rectal, perineal, posterior labial, artery of the bulb of vestibule, dorsal artery of clitoris, and deep artery of clitoris |
|
|
Term
| internal urethral orifice |
|
Definition
| point of exit for urine from bladder into urethra |
|
|
Term
| internal urethral sphincter |
|
Definition
wraps preprostatic urethra in smooth muscles
contraction of sphincter prevents retrograde movement of semen during emission |
|
|
Term
| interosseous sacroiliac ligaments |
|
Definition
supports sacroiliac joint (transfers weight)
deep to posterior ligament
series of short, strong fibers connecting tuberosities of the sacrum and ilium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
between two ischial spines
narrowest part of pelvic canal
not a fixed distance (widened by relaxin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
posterior border of body, backward to thin pointed triangular eminence
sacrospinous ligament attaches here
very prominent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
attacment for sacrotuberous ligament, biceps femoris, semitendinosus and other muscles of lower limb
located postero-inferiorly
butt bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wedge-shaped gutters (lateral) between the pelvic diaphragm and pelvic wall
filled with adipose ande loose connective tissue that support the anal canal
function: allows movement of pelvic diaphragm during defecation, allows vaginal expansion during childbirth |
|
|
Term
| ischiocavernosus mm. (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
origin: medial ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus
insert: aponeurosis around clitoris crura
nerve: deep perineal (S2-S4)
fucntion: contraction prevents venous outflow from clitoris (maintain clitoral erection) |
|
|
Term
| ischiocavernosus mm. (male) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
origin: ischial tuberosity
insert: crura of penis
nerve: deep perineal n. (S2-S4)
function: contraction compresses tributaries of deep dorsal veins (maintains erection)
surround the crura |
|
|
Term
| isthmus (of uterine tubes) |
|
Definition
| narrow, thick-walled portion of the uterine tube that is continuous with the uterine horn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constricted area between the uterine body and cervix (waist-like narrowing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
continuous with mons pubis
bilateral folds of fatty subcutaneous tissue
round ligament of uterus terminates here |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
smaller, rounded bilateral folds positioned within the vulva
made of hairless skin and fland the vestibule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spans from inguinal ligament to the pecten pubis
sometimes is cut to repair hernia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branches of posterior divison of internal iliac
enter the anterior sacral foramina
supply spinal meninges, roots of sacral nerves, and small patch of skin posterior to anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed by fused transverse processes of sacral vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viewed on coronal section or upon examination with vaginal speculum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bounded by: ischial tuberosity, ischial spine, sacrospinous ligament and sacrotuberous ligament
contains obturator internus, internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve, nerve to obturator internus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inferior to ischial spine
concavity formed by contour of coxal bones |
|
|
Term
lesser vestibular glands
(Skene's glands) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
aka paraurethral glands
lie laterally between external urethral and vaginal orifices
secrete mucus that moistens labia and vestibule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
episodic rectal pain with unknown etiology
pain results from a spasm of the levator ani m.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pubic crest, pectineal line, arcuate line
antero-lateral part of pelvic brim |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| position of an individual's feet above or at the same level fo the hips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of iliolumbar artery
supplies psoas major and quadratus lumborum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
network along lumbar vertebrae, T12-L4
gives rise to iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, lateral cutaneous of thigh, femoral, obturator, genitofemoral nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sacral and lumbar plexuses combined
T12-S4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from sacral ala to the transverse process of L5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains: external urethral sphincter, deep transverse perineal mm., bulbourethral glands |
|
|
Term
| male pelvis characteristics |
|
Definition
heart-shaped pelvic inlet
subpubic angle <70*
ischial spines are pointy and project more medially into pelvic cavity
deep (tall) pubic symphysis
iliac wings are less flared |
|
|
Term
| male peritoneal reflections pathway |
|
Definition
anterior abdominal wall
superior to pubic bone
superior surface of bladder
posterior surface of blader
superior ends of seminal glands
rectovesical pouch
covers rectum
forms sigmoid mesocolon
posterior abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extend from internal urethral orifice (bladder) to external orifice (glans penis)
about 8 inches
both urine and semen pass through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed by fused spinous processes of sacral vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
within the male deep perineal pouch
passes through urethral hiatus of perineal membrane an through the external urethral sphincter
narrowest portion of urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of the broad ligament of the uterus
largest part of broad ligament
like cling wrap around back and front of uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of broad ligament of uterus
composes free margins of broad ligament that envelopes the uterine tubes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of broad ligament of uterus
positioned perpendicular to mesometrium and contains the ovarian ligament |
|
|
Term
| middle (AP) distal perineum sensory |
|
Definition
| posterior femoral cutaneous nerve |
|
|
Term
middle (medial) lobe
of prostate |
|
Definition
anatomical division
lies between urethra and ejaculatory ducts
more prone to BPH that can obstruct the internal urethral orifice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of ant. division of int. iliac
very variable where it comes from
supplies part of rectum
anastomosis between inferior and superior rectal arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
eminence anterior to pubic symphysis
formed by fatty subcutaneous tissue
continuous with Camper's fascia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
middle layer of uterine wall
composed of smooth muscle
well supplied with blood and highly innervated
responsible for uterine contractions during parturition and menses ("cramps")
contains multiple fiber directions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior region leading to urethra; secured to pelvis waslls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of deep perineal nerve
supplies the corpus cavernosum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sacroiliac joint to the midline of iliopectineal eminence of opposing side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extends from promontory to the mid-point of the posterior part of pubic symphysis
fixed-diameter (relaxin does not widen)
respresents shorted anterior-posterior diameter through which the fetal head must pass
must be greater than 11.0 cm for natural birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of ant. division of int. iliac a.
passes through the obturator canal
supplies the medial thigh mm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
passageway formed in obturator foramen by part of obturator membrane
obturator n. and vessels pass through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hole created by ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis
lined by: superior pubic ramus, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, body of ischium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: ischiopubic ramus and obturator membrane
insert: medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
nerve: nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)
blood: inferior gluteal a.
function: lateral rotation and abduction of hip
gives off slender tendon that wraps around ischial spine and ischial tuberosity (lesser sciatic notch) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thin, fibrous sheet
almost completely closes obturator foramen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| openings of ejaculatory ducts |
|
Definition
| found along the seminal colliculus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cervical mucus plug formed during pregnancy that acts as physical and chemical barrier to protect fetus
thick, sticky mucus
contains antimicrobial and immunoglobulins
cervix dilation during labor discharges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pelvic bones or coxal bones
develop from fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis bones
fuse by age 18 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supplies the ovary
branch of abdominal aorta just inferior to the renal arteries
course along posterior abdominal wall, cross over external iliac artery
enveloped in the IP ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
guided gonads in their descent from posterior abdominal wall during development
remnants are the ovarian and round ligament of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
attaches from the uterotubal junction to the proximal ovary
remnant of the ovarian gubernaculum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
parasympathetic from vagus nerve (CNX)
sympathetic - mainly T10 lesser thoracic splanchnic nerves
above pain line, T11-L1 spinal ganglia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drain the ovaries
right ovarian vein dumps into IVC
left ovarian vein dumps to left renal vein --> IVC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
female gonads in which the ova (oocytes) develop
secrete estrogen, progesterone, and small amounts of testosterone
suspended within the pelvic cavity by three ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
demarccates the visceral from the somatic portion of anal canal
transition point for epithelial cell type, nerve supply, arterial supply venous drainage, and lymphatics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
follows the cure of the pectineal and arcuate lines
aka inguinal ligament of Cooper
thickening of periosteum along pectineal ligament
good for sutures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ridge of superior pubic ramus
part of pelvic brim
continuous with arcuate line of ilium
aka pecten pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
continuous with abdominal cavity via the pelvic inlet
walls:
anterolateral - pubis and ischium
posterior - sacrum and coccyx
inferior - muscles/fascia
contains: urinary, gastrointestinal, and reproductive system elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pelvic floor
separates pelvic cavity above from perineum below
fibromuscular structure
consists of levator ani mm. anococcygeal raphe, and coccygeus m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| right and left coxal bones, sacrum, sacroiliac joints, pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superior pelvic aperture
formed by heart-shaped ridge of bone, aka pelvic brim
boundaries: sacral promontory, sacral alae, pelvic bones, and pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
diamond-shaped, formed by bones and ligaments
bounded by pubic arch, sacrotuberous ligaments, and coccyx |
|
|
Term
| pelvic pain above line (female) |
|
Definition
| organ pain -> uterovaginal nerve plexus -> inferior hypogastric plexus -> hypogastric nerve -> superior hypogastric plexus -> T12-L2 spinal ganglia -> spinal cord -> brain |
|
|
Term
| pelvic pain below line (female) |
|
Definition
| organ pain -> uterovaginal plexus -> inferior hypogastric plexus -> pelvic splanchnic nerves -> spanal cord -> brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
parasympathetic system
arise from S2-S4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
positioned within the corpus spongiosum in superficial perineal pouch
extends from external urethral orifice to the root of the penis
supplies by urethral a (small branch of internal pudendal a) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
outermost layer of peritoneum and connective tissue surrounding the uterus
very, very thin, derived from vsiceral peritoneum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal, supplies most of the skin, external genetalia, and perineal mm.
gives rise to posterior labial aa., transverse perineal a, and inferior rectal a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
branch of internal pudendal a.
gives rise to posterior scrotal arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
centrally located irregular mass of collagen, elastic fibers, and muscle
site at which bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal, external anal sphincter, and small area of levator ani mm. attach/converge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thick triangular band of fascia attached to pubic arch
divides superficial and deep pouches
lies in horizontal plane and has a free posterior margin
creates slit between arctuate ligament (deep dorsal vein of penis/clitoris passes)
floor of deep perineal pouch
anchor point for roots of external genitalia and mm
urethra penetrates at urethral hiatus (vagina penetrates in females) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inferior terminal branch of pudendal, large
gives rise to posterior labial nerve, deep branch of perineal nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
terminal branch of pudendal
give rise to superficial and deep branches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
extends from posterior labial commisure to the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
diamon-shapted region between the thighs
contains openings to urogential, reproductive, and GI tracts
bound by pubic arch, ischial tuberosity, coccyx and ligaments
divided into urogential and anal triangles |
|
|
Term
peripheral zone
of prostate |
|
Definition
clinical division
posterior and inferior, 70-80% of prostate cancers found here |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: sacrum
insert: greater trochanter of femur
nerve: nerve to piriformis (L5, S1, S2)
blood: inferior gluteal a.
function: lateral rotation of hip (external rotate)
posterior-lateral wall of pelvis |
|
|
Term
| posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh |
|
Definition
arises from sacral plexus: S1-S3
cutaneous to buttocks and uppermost medial and posterior thigh |
|
|
Term
| posterior division of internal iliac artery |
|
Definition
| iliolumbar a, lateral sacral aa, superior gluteal a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
shortest gluteal line
iliac crest to upper part of greater sciatic notch
attachment point for gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
branch of superificial perineal nerve
innnervate labia |
|
|
Term
posterior lobe
of prostate |
|
Definition
anatomical division
lies posterior to urethra and inferior to ejaculatory ducts |
|
|
Term
| posterior sacroiliac ligaments |
|
Definition
lies in deep depression between the sacrum and ilium behind
strong, chief force that holds the ilium and sacrum together |
|
|
Term
| posterior scrotal arteries (male) |
|
Definition
branches of the perineal artery or internal pudendal
supply the scrotum |
|
|
Term
| posterior scrotal nerve (male) |
|
Definition
branches of superficial perineal n.
sensory to scrotum |
|
|
Term
| posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) |
|
Definition
projection from posterior border of ala
smaller than anterior
attachment for posterior sacroiliac ligaments
posterior termination of iliac crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
positioned between rectouterine pouch and posterior cervix
largest of vaginal fornices |
|
|
Term
| posteriorly labial arteries |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
branches of perineal a.
supply the labia and bulbospongiosus |
|
|
Term
| posteromedial/lateral skin before buttocks (sensory supply) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
from base of bladder to prostate
surrounded by the internal urethral sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
extension of labia minora; hood over the glans clitoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
foreskin, double-layerd fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis
often removed by circumcision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superior-most portion of the sacrum
part of border of pelvic inlet
part of linea terminalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
located at base of urinary bladder
secretes fluid component of semen that contains prostatic-specific antigens, prostaglandins, citric acid, acid phosphatase and proteolytic enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3-4 cm in lenth
courses through the prostate |
|
|
Term
| prostatic-specific antigen |
|
Definition
esent in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates
elevated in case of prostatic cancer, BPH, or prostatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
made of pubic symphysis, contour of ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities
anterior part of pelvic outlet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rough superior edge of pubis
medial to pubic tubercle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
non-synovial, amphiarthrodial joint
articulating surfaces are covered with thin layer of hyaline cartilage
fibrocartilage disk securely adjoins left and right pubis bones
reinforced by series of ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
distinctive feature of lower part of abdominal wall
lateral to the pubic crest
attachment of inguinal ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: lateral posterior pubis
insert: coccyx
nerve: VPR S4, pudendal
blood: inferior gluteal a.
middle m. of levator ani mm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
condensation of the pelvic fascia that extends from prostate gland to the pelvic bones
parallel and lateral to the pubovesical ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
origin: lower pubic symphysis on one side
insert: lower pubic symphysis on other side
nerve: VPR, S4, pudendal n.
blood: inferior gluteal a.
anterior most of levator ani mm
forms sling around rectum
acts as sphincter to maintain fecal continence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secures neck of urinary bladder to pelvic walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka Alcock's Canal
runs along lateral wall of ischioanal fossa
contains: internal pudendal a. and v., pudendal nerve, nerve to obtruator internus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
S2-S4
exits greater sciatic foramen (inferior to piriformis), reenters lesser sciatic foramen, runs lateral to wall of ischioanal fossa within the pudendal canal, runs to perineum
gives rise to inferior rectal n, perineal n., dorsal n of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
S2-S4
gives rise to inferior rectal, perineal nerve (deep and superficial branches) and dorsal n. of the clitoris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
used for analgesia in late stages of labor
provides pain relief to vaginal canal and perineum (but no contraction relief)
performed via transvaginal approach (palpate ischial spines, Iowa trumpet used to inject anesthetic into pudendal canals bilaterally)
1hr relief
lidocaine and chloroprocaine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thin, flattened part of ischium
arises from ischial tuberosity and joins with inferior pubic ramus medially |
|
|
Term
| rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) |
|
Definition
| peritoneal refelction between rectum and uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hormone that helps relax ligaments in pelvic region during pregnancy
can increase pelvic movement 10-15%
allows for lateral expansion of pelvic girdle |
|
|
Term
| retroprostatic (Devnonvilliers') fascia |
|
Definition
extension of rectovesical pouch inferiorly
between rectum and prostate
separates bladder, seminal glands, and prostate from rectum |
|
|
Term
| retropubic space (of Retzius) |
|
Definition
| separates bladder from internal anterior pubic wall |
|
|
Term
right and left lateral lobes
of prostate |
|
Definition
anatomical division
form the main mass of the gland and are positioned on either side of urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
attaches near uterotubal junction
courses laterally to enter the deep inguinal ring, runs through inguinal canal, exits through the superficial ring and fibers terminate on labia majora
remnant of ovarian gubernaculum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bulb of penis is common site for tear of spongy urethra
"saddle injury"
results in escape of urine into superficial perineal space
urine pases into scrotum, penis, subcutaneous tissue of lower abdominal wall
surgical intervention required |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
continuous with vertebral canal
dura sac ends at S2
ends at sacral hiatus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| articulate or fuse with coccyx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anterior - ventral primary rami exit
posterior - dorsal primary rami exit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inferior opening of sacral canal
marked by cornua |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lumbosacral trunk L4-L5 and S1-S4
gives rise to superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, posterior cutaneous of thigh, pudendal, sciatic nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sympathetic system
arise from sympathetic chain S2-S4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
descends anterior surface of sacrum medial to the sacral foramina
right and left converge to inferiorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
strong, weight bearing, synovial
limited joint mobility: gliding and rotary
transfer weight from axial skeleton to appendicular through this joint
relaxation during pregnancy due to added weight --> lordosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thin, triangular
ischial spine to sacrum and coccyx
deep to sacrotuberous ligament
fibers of posterior sacroiliac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flat, triangular, narrower in middle
lower transverse sacral tubercles to ischial tuberosity
creates sciatic foramen between itself and the sciatic notches of the coxal bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
forceful blow to perineum
can tear the corpus spongiosum and penile urethra in males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises from sacral plexus L4-S3
supplies articular branches to hip joint, flexors of knee, and all muscle in leg and foot |
|
|
Term
| scrotum/medial UG and anal triangle sensory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargment of urethral crest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
produce alkaline component of semen that contains fructose and choline
found lateral to ampulla of vas and lie angainst posteroinferior aspect of bladder
give rise to seminal ducts that converge with vas to form ejaculatory ducts |
|
|
Term
somatic anal canal
(ep cells, blood, vein, nerve, lymph, clincial) |
|
Definition
lower 1/3, below pectinate line
ep cells: stratified squamous
blood: inferior rectal artery
vein: internal rectal plexus -> middle/inferior rectal veins -> caval system
lymph: drain to superficial inguinal nodes
clinical: external hemorrhoids |
|
|
Term
| sphincter urethrovaginalis (female) |
|
Definition
female deep perineal pouch
origin: perineal body
insert: opposite side m. to form sling around anterior side of urethra
nerve: perineal branch of pudendal (S2-S4)
function: accessory urethral sphincter |
|
|
Term
| subcutaneous perineal tissue |
|
Definition
akak superficial perineal fascia of urogenital triangle
made of fatty and membranous layers |
|
|
Term
| superficial dorsal penile veins |
|
Definition
drain blood from skin and superficial fascial coverings of penis
lie between Dartos and Buck's fascia |
|
|
Term
| superficial perineal nerve (male |
|
Definition
branch of perineal nerve
sensory supply to scrotum and bulb |
|
|
Term
| superficial perineal pouch |
|
Definition
begins at deep boundary fo Colle's fascia and extends deeper to the perineal membrane
cotains: erectile tissues, associated mm., glands, and neurovasculature |
|
|
Term
| superficial transverse perineal mm. (female) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
origin: anterior ischial tuberosity
insert: perineal body
nerve: deep perineal (S2-S4)
function: support and fix perineal body, help to resist increase in intra-abdominal pressure |
|
|
Term
| superficial transverse perineal mm. (male) |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
origin: anterior ischial tuberosity
insert: perineal body
nerve: deep perineal nerve (S2-S4)
function: contract with I and B provides firm base for penis during erection
covered by superficial perineal (Colle's fascia) |
|
|
Term
| superior articular process |
|
Definition
| articulate with L5 vertebra |
|
|
Term
| superior gluteal arteries |
|
Definition
branch of posterior division of internal iliac a.
exits pelvis through greater sciatic formen above the piriformis m
courses between lumbosacral trunk and S2
supplies gluteal mm. and one lateral leg m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| site of attachment for gluteus medius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises from sacral plexus: L4-S1
supplies gluteus medius and gluteus minimus |
|
|
Term
| superior hypogastric plexus |
|
Definition
formed by lower lumbar splanchnic nerves
continuous above with aortic nerve plexus
mostly situated on vertebral bodes below the aortic bifurcation
purely sympathetic nerve
amasses and bifurcates into hypogastric nerves |
|
|
Term
| superior hypogastric plexus block |
|
Definition
controls pelvic pain that does not respond to oral medications
contains sympathetic fibers and afferent pain fibers
relieves pain of structures above the pelvic pain line
needle into L5/S2 iv disc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extends laterally as far as the pubic tubercles
fibers intertwine with fibrocartilaginous disk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
forms a portion of the obturator foramen
extends from body to the median plane, articulates with opposite side pubis
continuous with ilium superiorly |
|
|
Term
| superior vesical arteries |
|
Definition
branches of the umbilical artery
supply the urinary bladder
sometimes give rise to artery of vas |
|
|
Term
| suspensory ligament of penis |
|
Definition
superficial perineal pouch in male
suspends penis from pubic symphysis
attaches to tunica albuginea |
|
|
Term
| suspensory ligament of the ovary |
|
Definition
aka infundibulopelvic (IP) ligament
lateral swelling of mesovarium that spancs from the ovary to the pelvic wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fibrocartilage attaches here
forms pubic symphysis joint with opposing pubic body |
|
|
Term
transition zone
of prostate |
|
Definition
clinical division
aka periurethral zone
portion around proximal urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| between the two ischial tuberosities |
|
|
Term
| transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament |
|
Definition
extends from cervix and lateral vaginal fornices to the internal portion of the lateral pelvic walls
during surgical repairs, can be used to anchor wide loops of sutures |
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Term
| transverse diameter of pelvic inlet plane |
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Definition
| extends across the greatest width of superior aperture in a coronal plane |
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Term
| transverse perineal artery |
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Definition
branch of perineal a.
supplies the superficial transverse perineal mm. |
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Term
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Definition
smooth triangular-shaped region on the internal inferoposterior wall of urinary bladder
bound by ureteric orifices superiorly and internal urethral orifice inferiorly |
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Term
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Definition
| small veins in ovary that dump into the ovarian veins or uterine venous plexus |
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Term
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Definition
branch of ant. division of int. iliac a.
fetal remnant forms the medial ligament in the medial fold
patent part gives rise to superior vesical arteries |
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Term
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Definition
where ureters enter the bladder
surrounded by loops of detrusor m. that tighten during micturition to prevent reflux of urine into ureters
kidney stones can become lodged here |
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Term
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Definition
| mucosal fold along the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra |
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Term
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Definition
| recesses created on either side of urethral crest where the ducts of prostate open |
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Term
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Definition
hollow, distendable organ with strong muscular walls
located in true pelvis when empty; rises to false pelvis above pubic symphysis when full
after micturition, contains virtually no urine
when empty, size and shape of pear
can hold 400-500mL |
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Term
| urinary bladder innervation |
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Definition
parasym - detrusor contract, internal urethral sphincter relax
sym - detrusor m. relax, external urethral sphincter contract
pudendal nerve - external urethral sphincter |
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Term
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Definition
bound by ischiopubic rami, imaginary line between both ischial tuberosities and inferior margin of the symphysis
roof is the levator ani mm.
consists of superficial and deep perineal pouches |
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Term
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Definition
supplies superior vagina and uterus
branch of internal iliac artery
found in the broad ligament of the uterus
runs over the ureters (water runs under the bloody bridge) |
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Term
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Definition
| triangular shape region, uterine tubes enter here |
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Term
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Definition
| tube between uterine cavity and uterine ossa |
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Term
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Definition
| site of uterine tube termination proximal to the uterine cavity |
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Term
| uterine ostium (of uterine tubes) |
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Definition
| opening of uterine tube at the uterine horn |
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Term
uterine part (intramural segment)
(of uterine tube) |
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Definition
| tube passes through wall of uterus, opens into uterine cavity (at uterine horn) |
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Term
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Definition
Stage 0: normal
Stage I: descent of uterus to any point in vagina above hymen
Stage II: descent to hymen/vestibule
Stage III: descent beyond hymen/vestibule
Stage IV: total eversion or procidentia (uterine prolapse) |
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Term
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Definition
aka fallopian tubes, oviducts
conduct ovum (oocyte) from the ovary to the uterus
extend laterally from uterine hones and open into the peritoneal cavity neart he ovaries |
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Term
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Definition
| span from posterior cervix to middle of anterior sacrum; palpable during rectal exam |
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Term
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Definition
| external region that is the transition between uterine tube and uterus |
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Term
| uterovaginal nerve plexus |
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Definition
supplies visceral innervation to upper vagnia and uterus
travels with uterine artery
careis GVE and GVA fibers
extension of inferior hypogastric plexus
sympathetic - lower thoracic cord levels
parasympathetic - pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)
somatic - deep perineal nerve, senses touch and temperature from lower 1/4th of vagina |
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Term
| uterovaginal venous plexus |
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Definition
provides venous communication between vaginala nd uterine venous plexuses
dumps to uterine vein --> internal iliac vein --> common iliac vein --> IVC |
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Term
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Definition
hollow organ with thick muscular walls
in the true pelvis (when non-gravid)
body sits on top of urinary bladder
cervix lies between rectum and fundus of bladder
anteverted and anteflexed |
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Term
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Definition
fibromuscular tube, extends from cervix to vestibule
communicates superiorly with cervical canal via the external os
usually collapsed such that the anterior and posterior walls are in contact with one another |
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Term
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Definition
supplies middle vagina
branches from either uterine artery or internal iliac artery |
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Term
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Definition
| recess created by cervix extension into collapsed "H" shaped vagina |
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Term
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Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
external opening of vagina
located posteriorly in the UG triangle |
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Term
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Definition
drains vagina
dups to uterovaginal venous plexus |
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Term
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Definition
surgical excision of a portion of vas deferens performed through scrotum
outpatient procedure, 30 minutes
spermatozoa stil produced, eaten by macrophages
can be reversed |
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Term
| vesicouterine (Dunn's) pouch |
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Definition
| perintoneal reflection between urinary bladder and uterus |
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Term
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Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
paired masses of erectile tissue along the side of vaginal orifice
lie deep to labia minora
anchored to perineal membrane and are covered by bulbospongiosus mm. |
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Term
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Definition
| area/space/opening between the right and left labia minora |
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Term
visceral anal canal
(ep cells, blood, vein, nerve, lymph, clincial) |
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Definition
upper 2/3 of canal, above pectinate line
ep cells: columnar or cuboidal
blood: superior rectal artery
vein: internal rectal plexus --> superior rectal vein --> IMA to portal system
nerve: pelvis plexus (sym and para)
lymph: drain to internal iliac nodes
clinical: internal hemoorrhoids |
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Term
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Definition
superficial perineal pouch in female
opening/space between two labia majora |
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Term
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Definition
right and left
inferior L5 articular porcess with superior sacral process
prevents L5 from slipping foward |
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