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Pelvis and it's contents
Unit 29
65
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
07/16/2014

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Cards

Term

Pelvis major/false pelvis

[image]

Definition
a large, bowl-shaped superior portion
Term

Pelvis minor/true pelvis

[image]

Definition
a smaller, cone-shaped inferior portion
Term
What makes up the hip bones? At the walls of what?
Definition

illium, pubis, and ischium at the walls of the acetabulum

[image]

Term
What are the parts of the ilium?
Definition

iliac crest, the tubercle of the crest, anterior/superior iliac spines, greater sciatic notch, iliac fossa, gluteal lines, arcuate line, iliopectineal eminence, iliac tuberosity

[image]

Term
What are the parts of the ischium?
Definition
the body, ischial ramus, ischial tuberostiy, ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch
Term
What are the parts of the pubis?
Definition
body, superior ramus, inferior ramus, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, pectineal line
Term
All but the ______ are synovial joints
Definition
pubic symphysis
Term
What makes up the sacroiliac joint?
Definition
anterior sacroiliac ligament, interosseous sacroiliac ligament, posterior sacroiliac ligament
Term
Where does the anterior sacroiliac ligament thicken?
Definition
near the arcuate line
Term
Whats the strongest ligament in the body?
Definition
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
Term
The______covers the interosseous sacroiliac ligament
Definition
posterior sacroiliac ligament
Term
The_____is a cartilaginous joint between the two pubic bones
Definition
pubic symphysis
Term

The pubic symphysis is made up of:

1.

2.

3.

Definition

1.hyaline cartilage

2.superior pubic ligament

3.inferior pubic ligament

Term
What ligaments support the intervertebral disk (cartilaginous joint between LV5 & the sacrum)?
Definition
iliolumbar ligament and intervertebral ligaments
Term
What are the two intrapelvic ligaments?
Definition
sacrotuberous ligament (b/w lateral sacrum and ishial tuberosity) and sacrospinous ligament (b/w lateral sacrum and ishial spine)
Term
[image]
Definition
obturator foramen
Term
What two ligaments form the greater sciatic foramen and the lesser sciatic foramen?
Definition
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
Term
What goes through the greater sciatic foramen?
Definition
piriformis muscle, nerves of the sacral plexus, branches of the internal iliac vessels (specifically inferior gluteal, superior gluteal and internal pudendal)
Term
What goes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Definition
obturator internus, internal pudendal vessels, and pudendal nerve
Term
What is the origin of the piriformis muscle?
Definition
anterior aspect of the sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Term
What's the insertion of the piriformis muscle?
Definition
the superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur
Term
What is the piriformis innervated by? and it's action?
Definition

the posterior division of S1 and S2 from the sacral plexus

Actions: lateral rotator of the thigh when hip joint is extended and an abductor of the thigh when the joint is flexed

Term
What two muscles assist in holding the head of the femur in the acetabulum?
Definition
piriformis and obturator internus muscles
Term
What's the origin of the obturator internus?
Definition
obturator foramen and obturator membrane
Term
What is the insertion of the obturator internus muscle?
Definition
medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
Term
What is the obturator internus innervated by and what are it's actions?
Definition

nerve to obturator internus (anterior division of L5-S2 from the sacral plexus)

actions: laterally rotates the thigh when the hip is extended

Term
What's the origin of the levator ani muscle?
Definition
pelvic surface of the body of the pubis and the ishial spine
Term
what's the insertion of the levator ani muscles?
Definition
central perineal tendon, the external anal sphincter, the anococcygeal raphe and the coccyx
Term
What are the three parts of the levator ani?
Definition
puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus
Term
What is the innervation of the levator ani muscles and the action?
Definition
anterior/ventral rami of S3 & S4, acts with coccygeus to support pelvic contents and for micturation and defecation
Term
Origin of the coccygeus
Definition
ishial spine and sacrospinous ligament
Term
insertion of coccygeus
Definition
lateral margins of the fifth sacral vertebra and the coccyx
Term
innervation and action of coccygeus
Definition

anterior rami S4 & S5

supports pelvic contents and micturition and defecation

Term
The apex of the bladder has attachment to the __________
Definition
median umbilical ligament
Term
Only the _____ surface of the bladder is covered by peritoneum
Definition
Term
The ureters enter the____of the bladder_______
Definition
base, posterolaterally
Term
Retropubic space is where?
Definition
On the sides of the bladder, inferolaterally
Term
In the male the neck of the bladder rests on the ____
Definition
prostate gland
Term
The ureters cross all ___ compartments
Definition
3
Term
The ureters enter the pelvis by cross the _________ and descend in front of the _____ & _____
Definition
bifurcation of the common iliac vessels, sigmoid colon and rectum
Term
In the female the ureters are related to the _______
Definition
broad ligament
Term
Within the broad ligament the _____ cross immediately inferior to the ____ (water under the bridge)
Definition
ureters, uterine artery
Term
What are the three parts of the male urethra?
Definition
prostatic, membranous, and penile/spongy
Term
The male urethra receives secretions from the what?
Definition
prostatic ducts, the ejaculatory ducts and the ducts of the bulbourethral glands
Term
The prostate gland surrounds the ____
Definition
urethra
Term
The base of the prostate gland is adjacent to the ________, and the apex is on the _____ diaphragm
Definition
neck of the bladder, urogenital
Term
prostatic ducts empty into the _____ urethra which is also pierced by the ________ duct
Definition
prostatic, ejaculatory
Term
[image]
Definition
seminal vesicle
Term
The seminal vesicle joins the ampulla of the _______ to form the ejaculatory duct which pass through the prostate gland to empty into the _____
Definition
ductus deferens, prostatic urethra
Term
The ductus deferens leave the ______ and cross the external iliac vessels to enter the pelvis
Definition
deep inguinal rings
Term
The cervix of the uterus has at either end_______ and ______
Definition
internal os, and external os
Term
The rectum begins in front of _____ and is marked by 3 _______
Definition
SV3, transverse rectal folds
Term
The rectum ends at the ______ where the alimentary tube continues as the anal canal
Definition
pelvic diaphragm
Term
What are anal columns?
Definition
longitudinal folds of the mucosa and submucosa caused by the veins deep to the mucosa
Term
The anal valves are transverse folds of mucosa connecting the ______ at their lower end
Definition
anal columns
Term
The_____ are deep to the anal valves
Definition
anal sinuses
Term
below the anal valves is the ______
Definition
pectinate line or intermediate zone of the anal canal
Term
True mucosa ends at ______
Definition
anal valves
Term

The pectinate line marks the division of:

-arterial supply: inferior mesenteric vs.____

-venous drainage:portal vein vs.____

-nerve supply: autonomic vs._____

-lymph drainage: internal iliac vs._____

Definition

internal iliac

inferior vena cava

somatic

inguinal nodes

 

Term
The external sphincter ani muscle encircles the____, it is always contracting, its deep fibers blend with the_____,
Definition
anal canal, levator ani muscle
Term
the external sphincter ani muscle is innervated by the______ and the______
Definition
inferior rectal branches of the pudendal nerve, and internal pudendal vessels
Term
peritoneum leaves the rectum and dips inferiorly befoer covering the bladder anteriorly causing a recess--____
Definition
rectovesical pouch
Term
lateral reflections of peritoneum stretch from the upper third of the rectum creating a ____ on each side of the rectum
Definition
pararectal fossae
Term

The recess between the rectum and the bladder in the female is cut into two parts by the ______, the two parts are 

1.

2.

Definition

broad ligament

1.anterior recess--vesicouterine recess

2. posterior recess--rectouterine recess

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