Term
|
Definition
| viruses (rotavirus- but can be prevented by vaccine) |
|
|
Term
| bacterial causes of gastroenteritis: |
|
Definition
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Campylobacter
- E. coli
- Enterobacteriaceae
- Staphylococcal |
|
|
Term
| Parasitic causes of gastroenteritis: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- tender abdomen
- hyperactive bowel souds |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Shigella or Salmonella gastroenteritis: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tmt for Staph gastroenteritis: |
|
Definition
| Neomycin (look at my neato staph) |
|
|
Term
| Tmt of Campylobacter and Enterobacter gastroenteritis: |
|
Definition
| 3rd generation Cephalosporin + Cipro |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC age for pinworms to infect: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- night time wakings
- perianal itching |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Mebendazole 100 mg po once,may need to repeat in 2 weeks
- TREAT THE WHOLE HOUSEHOLD, WASH HANDS |
|
|
Term
| percent of infants with reflux; |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diagnostics for GER/GERD: |
|
Definition
- Ultrasound
- Upper GI series
- Endoscopy
- GI emptying study
- H pylori study |
|
|
Term
| Cause of primary peptic ulcers: |
|
Definition
| H. pylori (20% gastric, 90% duodenal) |
|
|
Term
| Cause of secondary peptic ulcers: |
|
Definition
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Gastic irritants/burns
- NSAIDS
- Alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- vague abdominal pain
- decreased appetite
- nausea/vomiting
- postprandial burning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Endoscopy
- Mucosal gastric biopsy
- H. pylori serum IG titers
- C. urea breath test |
|
|
Term
| Tmt for eradication of bacteria with PUD: |
|
Definition
- Amoxicillin
- Clarithromycin
- Metronidazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- 2 hours/day at 2 weeks
- 3 hours/day at 6 weeks
- 1 hour/day at 3 months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - Mylecon drops (Simethicone) |
|
|
Term
| lactose intolerance is MC in what races? |
|
Definition
| Asian and Afican American |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of lactose intolerance: |
|
Definition
- abdominal pain
- bloating
- diarrhea
- flatulence
- rarely vomiting |
|
|
Term
| Dx of lactose intolerance: |
|
Definition
- Lactose breath test (assesses H+ ions)
- Mucosal biopsy |
|
|
Term
| MCC of intestinal obstruction for ages 3 months to 6 years, MC in first 2 years of life: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC location for intussusception: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causes of Intussusception: |
|
Definition
- Meckel diverticulum
- Foreign body
- Round worm infection
- Post viral infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Air contrast enema
- Barium enema
- Ultrasound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- abdominal distention and tympany
- peristaltic waves
- dehydration
- weight loss |
|
|
Term
| Double bubble sign on x-ray: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inversion of superior mesenteric artery and vein on ultrasound: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- endoscopic decompression
- surgery |
|
|
Term
| Barium esophaggogram showing a "bird's beak": |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you suspect a peristalsis disorder to be the cause of achalasia,what test would you order? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test may reveal a high resting pressure in the LES? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Pneumatic LES dilation
- Surgery |
|
|
Term
| With ___, a rectal exam often reveals a mass and tenderness. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Appendicitis diagnostics: |
|
Definition
- WBC > 10,000
- Fecal leukocytes
- Pyuria
- Hematuria
- Guiac stool (+) |
|
|
Term
| Hirschsprung Disease symptoms: |
|
Definition
- FAILURE TO PASS MECONIUM IN FIRST 24 HOURS
- Bilious vomiting
- Reluctance to feed
- Diarrhea
- Bleeding |
|
|
Term
| Hirschsprung Disease physical exam: |
|
Definition
- Foul smelling ribbon like stools
- Palpable fecal mass
- Visible peristaltic waves
- No stool in rectal vault |
|
|
Term
| x-rays show retained stool and a dilated proximal colon: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hirschsprung Disease tmt: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Bulky, pale, frothy, greasy, foul-smelling stools
- Dehydration
- Shock
- Acidosis
- Anorexia
- Failure to thrive
- Constipation, vomiting, abdominal pain triad |
|
|
Term
| Celiac Disease diagnostics; |
|
Definition
- Anemia and vitamin deficiencies
- Fatty stools
- Hypoproteinemia
- Decreased absorption of D-xylose
- Biopsy lacks villi (most reliable)
- IgG and IgA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- constipation
- vomiting
- abdominal pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Gluten free diet (no wheat, barley, or oats)
- Correct vitamin deficiencies
- Corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
| Colonoscopy of Crohn's Disease would reveal: |
|
Definition
- string sign
- skip lesions
- cobblestone appearance
- fistula |
|
|
Term
| Lab findings with Crohn's Disease: |
|
Definition
FEELA
- Fecal protein loss
- Electrolyte imbalances
- ESR increased
- Low TIBC
- Anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- High protein, high CHO diet
- Vitamins
- Stop smoking
- Corticosteroids
- Surgery (non-curative) |
|
|
Term
| Ulcerative Colitis lab findings: |
|
Definition
IRACE
- Increased WBC with left shift
- Radiographic findings: superficial colitis, shortened colon, pseudopolyps
- Anemia
- Colonoscopy with biopsy
- ESR increased |
|
|
Term
| 60-70% of patients with ulcerative colitis have this? |
|
Definition
| - Perinuclear Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- High protein, high CHO diet
- Corticosteroids
- Immunomodulators
- Surgery (curative) |
|
|
Term
| Painless passage of blood with or without constipation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meckel's Diverticulum is more common in ___. 50-60% of these cases present in the first __ __ __ __. This is __ and an __ __. |
|
Definition
- males
- first 2 years of life
- genetic
- embryologic remnant |
|
|
Term
| Both Juvenile Polyps and Meckel Diverticulum increase one's risk of ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Meckel's Diverticulum: |
|
Definition
- painless passage of maroon/melanotic stools
- signs of shock/anemia
- risk of intussusception
- chronic recurrent abdominal pain |
|
|
Term
| Dx of Meckels Diverticulum: |
|
Definition
|
|
