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Peds: Abdominal pain
Peds: Abdominal pain Exam 2
56
Anatomy
Graduate
02/28/2012

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Term
MCC of gastroenteritis:
Definition
viruses (rotavirus- but can be prevented by vaccine)
Term
bacterial causes of gastroenteritis:
Definition
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Campylobacter
- E. coli
- Enterobacteriaceae
- Staphylococcal
Term
Parasitic causes of gastroenteritis:
Definition
Giardia
Term
PE of gastroenteritis:
Definition
- tender abdomen
- hyperactive bowel souds
Term
Treatment for Shigella or Salmonella gastroenteritis:
Definition
Bactrim
Term
Tmt for Staph gastroenteritis:
Definition
Neomycin (look at my neato staph)
Term
Tmt of Campylobacter and Enterobacter gastroenteritis:
Definition
3rd generation Cephalosporin + Cipro
Term
Enterobiasis aka:
Definition
pinworms
Term
MC age for pinworms to infect:
Definition
5-14 y/o
Term
symptoms of pinworms:
Definition
- night time wakings
- perianal itching
Term
Tmt for pinworms:
Definition
- Mebendazole 100 mg po once,may need to repeat in 2 weeks
- TREAT THE WHOLE HOUSEHOLD, WASH HANDS
Term
percent of infants with reflux;
Definition
50%
Term
Diagnostics for GER/GERD:
Definition
- Ultrasound
- Upper GI series
- Endoscopy
- GI emptying study
- H pylori study
Term
Cause of primary peptic ulcers:
Definition
H. pylori (20% gastric, 90% duodenal)
Term
Cause of secondary peptic ulcers:
Definition
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Gastic irritants/burns
- NSAIDS
- Alcohol
Term
Symptoms of PUD:
Definition
- vague abdominal pain
- decreased appetite
- nausea/vomiting
- postprandial burning
Term
PUD diagnostics:
Definition
- Endoscopy
- Mucosal gastric biopsy
- H. pylori serum IG titers
- C. urea breath test
Term
Tmt for eradication of bacteria with PUD:
Definition
- Amoxicillin
- Clarithromycin
- Metronidazole
Term
normal crying times:
Definition
- 2 hours/day at 2 weeks
- 3 hours/day at 6 weeks
- 1 hour/day at 3 months
Term
Tmt for gas with colic:
Definition
- Mylecon drops (Simethicone)
Term
lactose intolerance is MC in what races?
Definition
Asian and Afican American
Term
symptoms of lactose intolerance:
Definition
- abdominal pain
- bloating
- diarrhea
- flatulence
- rarely vomiting
Term
Dx of lactose intolerance:
Definition
- Lactose breath test (assesses H+ ions)
- Mucosal biopsy
Term
MCC of intestinal obstruction for ages 3 months to 6 years, MC in first 2 years of life:
Definition
intussuscpetion
Term
MC location for intussusception:
Definition
- ileocolic
Term
causes of Intussusception:
Definition
- Meckel diverticulum
- Foreign body
- Round worm infection
- Post viral infection
Term
Dx of intussesception:
Definition
- Air contrast enema
- Barium enema
- Ultrasound
Term
Volvulus symptoms:
Definition
- abdominal distention and tympany
- peristaltic waves
- dehydration
- weight loss
Term
Double bubble sign on x-ray:
Definition
volvulus
Term
Inversion of superior mesenteric artery and vein on ultrasound:
Definition
volvulus
Term
Volvulus tmt:
Definition
- endoscopic decompression
- surgery
Term
Barium esophaggogram showing a "bird's beak":
Definition
Achalasia
Term
If you suspect a peristalsis disorder to be the cause of achalasia,what test would you order?
Definition
Fluorscopy
Term
What test may reveal a high resting pressure in the LES?
Definition
Esophageal Manometry
Term
Achalasia treatment:
Definition
- Pneumatic LES dilation
- Surgery
Term
With ___, a rectal exam often reveals a mass and tenderness.
Definition
appendicitis
Term
Appendicitis diagnostics:
Definition
- WBC > 10,000
- Fecal leukocytes
- Pyuria
- Hematuria
- Guiac stool (+)
Term
Hirschsprung Disease symptoms:
Definition
- FAILURE TO PASS MECONIUM IN FIRST 24 HOURS
- Bilious vomiting
- Reluctance to feed
- Diarrhea
- Bleeding
Term
Hirschsprung Disease physical exam:
Definition
- Foul smelling ribbon like stools
- Palpable fecal mass
- Visible peristaltic waves
- No stool in rectal vault
Term
x-rays show retained stool and a dilated proximal colon:
Definition
Hirschsprung's Disease
Term
Hirschsprung Disease tmt:
Definition
- surgery
- miralax
Term
Celiac disease symptoms:
Definition
- Bulky, pale, frothy, greasy, foul-smelling stools
- Dehydration
- Shock
- Acidosis
- Anorexia
- Failure to thrive
- Constipation, vomiting, abdominal pain triad
Term
Celiac Disease diagnostics;
Definition
- Anemia and vitamin deficiencies
- Fatty stools
- Hypoproteinemia
- Decreased absorption of D-xylose
- Biopsy lacks villi (most reliable)
- IgG and IgA
Term
Celiac triad:
Definition
- constipation
- vomiting
- abdominal pain
Term
Celiac disease tmt:
Definition
- Gluten free diet (no wheat, barley, or oats)
- Correct vitamin deficiencies
- Corticosteroids
Term
Colonoscopy of Crohn's Disease would reveal:
Definition
- string sign
- skip lesions
- cobblestone appearance
- fistula
Term
Lab findings with Crohn's Disease:
Definition
FEELA
- Fecal protein loss
- Electrolyte imbalances
- ESR increased
- Low TIBC
- Anemia
Term
Crohn's Diseae tmt:
Definition
- High protein, high CHO diet
- Vitamins
- Stop smoking
- Corticosteroids
- Surgery (non-curative)
Term
Ulcerative Colitis lab findings:
Definition
IRACE
- Increased WBC with left shift
- Radiographic findings: superficial colitis, shortened colon, pseudopolyps
- Anemia
- Colonoscopy with biopsy
- ESR increased
Term
60-70% of patients with ulcerative colitis have this?
Definition
- Perinuclear Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody
Term
Ulcerative colitis tmt:
Definition
- High protein, high CHO diet
- Corticosteroids
- Immunomodulators
- Surgery (curative)
Term
Painless passage of blood with or without constipation?
Definition
Juvenile Polyps
Term
Meckel's Diverticulum is more common in ___. 50-60% of these cases present in the first __ __ __ __. This is __ and an __ __.
Definition
- males
- first 2 years of life
- genetic
- embryologic remnant
Term
Both Juvenile Polyps and Meckel Diverticulum increase one's risk of ___.
Definition
intussusception
Term
Symptoms of Meckel's Diverticulum:
Definition
- painless passage of maroon/melanotic stools
- signs of shock/anemia
- risk of intussusception
- chronic recurrent abdominal pain
Term
Dx of Meckels Diverticulum:
Definition
radionuclide imaging
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