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Pectoral Girdle
flashcards from dissection area #1 of HB2
21
Anatomy
Professional
10/19/2013

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Cards

Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition

Origin:  Ribs 3-5

 

Insertion:  Coracoid process of the scapula

 

Functions: Rotates scapula downward

 

Nerve: Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

 

Artery: branches of the thoracromial trunk; branches of the lateral thoracic artery

 

Tendons:

Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition

Origin:  medial part of the clavicle, sternum, and aponeurosis that covers the medial part of the 6th and 7th ribs

 

Insertion:  Outer lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

 

Functions:  flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

 

Nerve: the lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7) and medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

 

Artery:

 

Tendon:

 

 

Term
Serratus Anterior
Definition

Origin: Ribs 1-8

 

Insertion: medial border of the scapula

 

Functions: protracts, depresses, and rotates the scapula upward, bringing the glenoid cavity upward

 

Nerve: long thoracic nerve (C5-C7 of brachial plexus)

 

Artery:  Lateral thoracic artery

 

Tendons:

Term
Trapezius Muscle
Definition

Origin: back of the skull to T12

 

Insertion: 1) Lateral 1/3 of the superior surface of the clavicle,

2) superior surface of the acromion,

3) the length of the superior surface fo the spine of the scapula

 

Functions:

1.  superior fibers- elevate the scapula

2. middle fibers-  retract the scapula

3.  inferior fibers-  depress the scapula

4.  superior and inferior fibers- rotate scapula upward.

 

Nerve: Spinal accesory nerve (C6)  C3 and C4 spinal nerves

 

Artery:

 

Tendons:

Term
Latissimus dorsi
Definition

Origin: T6 to the iliac crest

 

Insertion:  intertubercular groove of the humerus

 

Functions: adduction, medial rotation, extension of the arm, raises body toward arms when climbing.

 

Artery:

 

Nerve:  Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

 

Tendon: a tendon anchors to to the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Term
Triangle of auscultation
Definition
Formed by inferior portion of the trapezius, superior portion of the latissimus dorsi, and the medial border of the scapula
Term
Levator scapulae
Definition

Origin: transverse processes of C1-C4

 

Insertion- between the superior and medial angles of the scapula

 

Function-  elevale medial edge of the scapul to rotate it downward

 

Nerve-  dorsal scapular nerve (C5 of brachial plexus) and spinal nerve roots C3-C4

 

Artery: dorsal scapular artery, branch of thyrocervical trunk and subclavian artery

 

Tendon:

Term
Rhomboid Minor
Definition

Origin: spinous processes of the C7 and T1

 

Insertion: medial angle of the scapula

 

Functions:  elevates medial endge of the scapula to rotate it downward and retracts the scapula

 

Artery:  dorsal scapular artery, branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the sublclavian artery

 

Nerve:  dorsal scapular nerve (C5 of the brachial plexus)

 

Tendon: 

Term
Rhomboid major
Definition

Origin:  spinous processes T2-T5

Insertion:  between medial and inferior angle of the scapula

 

Function:  elevate the medial edge of the scapula to help downwardly rotate it and retract the scapula

 

Artery: dorsal scapular artery, branch of the thyrocervical trunk and subclavian artery

 

Nerve:  Dosal scapular nerve (C5 of brachial plexus)

 

Tendon: 

Term
Serratus posterior superior
Definition

Origin: nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7 to T3

 

Insertion:  Superior borders of the 2nd to 4th ribs

 

Functions: elevates the ribs (proprioception)

 

Artery-

 

Nerves:  2nd to 5th intercostal nerves

 

Tendon:

Term
Serratus posterior inferior
Definition

Origin: spinous processes T11 to L2

 

Insertion: inferior borders of 8th to 12th ribs

 

Function: depresses ribs (proprioception)

 

Artery:

 

Nerves: anterior rami to T9 to T12 thoracic spinal nerves

 

Tendon:

 

 

Term
deltoid
Definition

Origin: clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula

 

Insertion:  lateral side of the humerus

 

Functions:

anterior- flexion of humerus and rotates arm medially

middle- abduction of humerus

posterior- extension of humerus and rotates arm laterally

 

Nerve:  axillary nerve (C5-C6)

 

Artery:  posterior circumflex humeral artery

 

Tendon:  a tendon aids in insertion

Term
supraspinatus
Definition

Origin: floor of the suprasinous fossa of the scapula

 

Insertion:  greater tuberosity of the humerus

 

Functions: weak abductor of the humerus, holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

 

Artery:  Suprascapular artery, a branch of thyrocervical trun of the subclavian artery

 

Nerve: suprascapular nerve (C4- C6)

 

Tendon:

 

 

Term
infraspinatus
Definition

Origin:  floor of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula

 

Insertion:  posteriory on the greater tuberosity of the humerous

 

Function: laterally rotates humerus and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

 

Artery: suprascapular artery, branch of thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

 

Nerve: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

 

Tendon: 

 

 

Term
rotator cuff
Definition

includes the  tendons of insertion of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis muscles

 

reinforces the shoulder joint and hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

Term
Teres Minor
Definition

Origin:  the axillary border of the scapula

 

Insertion:  the greater tuberosity of the humerus

 

Function:  rotates the humerus laterally and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

 

Nerve: branches of the axillary nerve

 

Artery: suprascapular artery

 

Tendon: 

 

 

Term
Teres Major
Definition

Origin:  lateral, close to inferior angle of the scapula

 

Insertion:  medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

 

Functions: adducts, medially rotates, and helps to extend the arm

 

Nerve: branches of the lower subscapular nerve (C6-C7)

 

Artery: branches of the thoracodorsal artery and circumflex scapular artery

 

Tendon:

 

 

Term
Subscapularis
Definition

Origin: subscapular fossa

 

Insertion:  lesser tuberosity of the humerus

 

Function:  medially rotates humerus and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

 

Nerve: branches of the upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C7)

 

Artery:  branches of the subscapular artery

 

Tendon:

Term
Quandrangular space
Definition

Bordered by the teres minor superiorly, teres major inferiorly, the long head of the triceps medially, and the humerus laterally

 

Passageway for the axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery. 

Term
Trianglular space
Definition

Bordered by the teres mnor superiorly, teres major inferiorly, and the long head of the triceps laterally.

 

Passageway for the circumflex scapular artery to get around the scapula

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